Cancers, Volume 17, Issue 2

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a chronic disease with lasting effects, making it one of the most feared sequelae of breast cancer with significant personal and social impacts. Therapeutic exercises play a fundamenta...

Background: The accurate staging of multiple myeloma (MM) is essential for optimizing treatment strategies, while predicting the progression of asymptomatic patients, also referred to as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), to s...

At the end of the past century, the introduction of Total Mesorectal Excision (TME), preceded by either short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) or chemoradiation (CRT), established the new standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Recently...

Background/Objectives: Accurate diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary procedures for thyroid incidentalomas (TIs). Advances in radiomics and machine learning applied to medical imaging offer promise for assessing thyroid nodules. This study uti...

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the current evidence on the significance of the loss of early stages of oral carcinogenesis in lesions diagnosed according to clinical and...

Background/Objectives: This study describes the sequelae, side effects, and toxicities experienced by Canadian breast cancer survivors at a breast cancer survivorship clinic at a tertiary academic cancer centre and identifies potential risk factors w...

Background/Objectives: The management of periocular skin malignancies presents a unique challenge. Proton beam therapy, due to its sharp dose fall-off, allows for the delivery of a tumoricidal dose to the tumor while sparing adjacent normal tissues....

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous disease that represents the most common type of kidney cancer. The classification of RCC is primarily based on distinct morphological and molecular characteristics, with two broad categories: clear cell R...

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Background: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that primarily affects the skin, rich in hyaluronic acid (HA). HA is a component of the extracellular matrix in the dermis and likely affects the development of CT...

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive, and poor-prognosis systemic disorder that primarily affects women of reproductive age, with a higher prevalence among individuals of Caucasian origin. However, there are limited reliable data on...

Background/Objectives: In recent years, numerous studies have been published on determining the WHO grade of central nervous system (CNS) tumors using machine learning algorithms. These studies are usually based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) an...

Background: Patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection under monitored anesthesia care (MAC) with remimazolam may develop respiratory distress during the procedure. In these cases, low doses of flumazenil improved respiratory distress witho...

Endometrial cancer (EC), a prevalent gynecological malignancy, presents significant challenges due to its genetic complexity and heterogeneity. The genomic landscape of EC is underpinned by genetic alterations, such as mutations in PTEN, PIK3CA, and...

Oxidative stress is universal to all cell types, including cancer. It is elicited by a surplus of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or a reduced cellular ability to defend against those. At low levels (oxidative eustress), this induces altered cellular s...

Algae are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have a wide range of beneficial effects on human health and can show significant potential in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. These dise...

T-cell redirecting therapies, which include chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-Ts) and bispecific antibodies (BSAs), have revolutionized the treatment of relapsed\refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). Expanding clinical experience with these a...

Despite advances in prophylaxis, early diagnosis, and treatment, urogenital cancers represent a significant challenge to public health in Poland due to their relatively high prevalence and mortality rates. This narrative review aims to explore contem...

Background: Intraoperative ultrasound (ioUS) provides real-time imaging during neurosurgical procedures, with advantages such as portability and cost-effectiveness. Accurate tumor segmentation has the potential to substantially enhance the interpreta...

Background: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including gallbladder and bile duct cancers, have a poor prognosis. Recent advances in chemotherapy, such as using targeted drugs for specific gene mutations, have improved outcomes. Gemcitabine plus cisplati...

Background/Objectives: CAPTRANE evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of high-concentration capsaicin patch (HCCP) vs. oral pregabalin for the treatment of postsurgical neuropathic pain (PSNP) following breast cancer surgery. The study was designed...

The introduction of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinases (VEGFR-TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (IOs) have drastically altered the treatment landscape for kidney cancer, with doublet combination immunotherapy (IO/IO or...

Background: The accelerated development of novel cancer therapies necessitates a thorough understanding of the associated cardiotoxicity profiles, due to their significant implications for the long-term health and quality of life of cancer survivors....

Background: Previous studies have shown that allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) from an HLA haploidentical (haplo) donor followed by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)...

Objective: To determine the impact of trans-arterial embolization (TAE) on overall survival (OS) in patients with liver metastases from gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (LM-GEP-NETs) and to identify factors that may influence tumor respon...

Background: To extend the practicality of liquid biopsy beyond the historical HPV circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays, we evaluated the clinical relevance of a novel next-generation sequencing HPV ctDNA assay in patients with locally advanced and me...

Lung cancer, the second most common malignancy in both men and women, poses a significant health burden. Early diagnosis remains pivotal in reducing lung cancer mortality. Given the escalating number of computed tomography (CT) examinations in both o...

Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. The increase in incidence rates of more advanced and aggressive forms of the disease year-to-year fuels urgency to find new therapeutic intervent...

Background: Historically, the standard of care for advanced biliary tract cancers (aBTCs) was gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GemCis). Immunotherapy plus GemCis is now recommended as a first-line treatment for aBTCs. Whether patients can tolerate eight c...

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer survivors undergoing long-term endocrine therapy often experience multiple symptoms, including pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, hot flashes, anxiety, and depression. This study explored the feasibility and accept...

Background/Objectives: Liquid biopsy methods have gained prominence as minimally invasive tools to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer valuable insights into both primary and metastatic lesions. However, validating...

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate biomarkers and biological characteristics of tumor biopsies from patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) to assess the risk of early death. Furthermore, we analyzed whether any combination of markers...

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is known for its poor prognosis. The most effective treatment combines surgery with peri-operative chemotherapy. Current prognostic tools are designed to predict patient outcomes and inform treatment decisions based on coll...

Background/Objectives: Robot-assisted and open radical prostatectomy (RARP and ORP) are established procedures for localized prostate cancer, with comparable oncological and functional outcomes. Little is known about patients’ knowledge of both...

Background/Objectives: Pregnancy-associated cancer (PAC) presents significant challenges for maternal and neonatal health, and yet its impact on neonatal outcomes remains poorly understood. This systematic review aims to evaluate the neonatal risks a...

Gatekeeper or accomplice? That is the paradoxical role of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in developing brain metastasis (BM). BM occurs when cancerous cells from primary cancer elsewhere in the body gain the ability to metastasize and invade the...

Background: Retrospective studies suggest that local radiotherapy on the prostate improves overall survival in the metastatic setting, but its benefit in patients with high-burden metastatic disease is still uncertain. Methods: We conducted a retrosp...

Background/Objectives: Inadequate dosing and respiratory motion contribute to local recurrence for oligometastatic disease (OMD). While short-term LC rates are well-documented, data on long-term LC remain limited. This study investigated long-term LC...

Background: Oral therapeutic options for plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are receiving attention in clinical research. The MEK inhibitor (MEKi) Selumetinib is FDA-approved in children ages 2+ years wit...

Objectives: Developing ex vivo models that replicate immune–tumor interactions with high fidelity is essential for advancing immunotherapy research, as traditional two-dimensional in vitro systems often lack the complexity required to fully rep...

Background: Radiotherapy for thymoma is delivered post-operatively in selected cases. Given the particular location of the thymic bed and the excellent prognosis, late cardiac toxicities may be an issue. The purpose of this retrospective dosimetric s...

Background/Objectives: Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) is a locally invasive tumor composed of myofibroblast-like cells and collagen; it does not metastasize but can cause significant local morbidity. Most sporadic cases are associated with mutations...

Background: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) from cancer indicates advanced cancer and can lead to obstructive hydrocephalus, for which palliative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion may be indicated to alleviate symptoms. We investigated surgical outcom...

Calreticulin (CRT) is a 46 kDa highly conserved protein initially identified as calregulin, a prominent Ca²⁺-binding protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Subsequent studies have established that CRT functions in the ER’s protein folding r...

Since its discovery, IL-1β has taken center stage as a key mediator of a very broad spectrum of diseases revolving around immuno-mediated and inflammatory events. Predictably, the pleiotropic nature of this cytokine in human pathology has led to...

Background/objectives: Despite the incremental improvement of survival with systemic therapy in metastatic gastric cancer (GC), the outcomes of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) remain poor. The limited effectiveness of systemic therapy is...

Background/Objectives: Recent growth in the number and applications of high-throughput “omics” technologies has created a need for better methods to integrate multiomics data. Much progress has been made in developing unsupervised methods...

The human nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily consists of 48 genes that are ligand-activated transcription factors that play a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and in pathophysiology. NRs are important drug targets for both cancer and non-c...

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation at various levels, leading to tumor growth and spread. This review focuses on the role of ion homeostasis in cancer progression. It describes a model of ion-mediated regulat...

Objective: This study explores a semi-supervised learning (SSL), pseudo-labeled strategy using diverse datasets such as head and neck cancer (HNCa) to enhance lung cancer (LCa) survival outcome predictions, analyzing handcrafted and deep radiomic fea...