Current Oncology

19 pages, 439 KB

Open AccessArticle

Physicians’ Controversies Towards Fertility Preservation in Young Patients with Gynecological Cancer: An MITO Survey

by Giacomo Corrado, Inge Peters, Erica Silvestris, Raffaella Cioffi, Marcello Iacobelli, Emanuela Mancini, Riccardo Vizza, Sofia Thiella, Gennaro Cormio, Sandro Pignata and Giorgia Mangili

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 527; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090527 - 21 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Guidelines on fertility preservation (FP) have been developed to help young women preserve their fertility, which may have been impaired due to cancer. Nevertheless, the correct management of oncological patients of childbearing age remains controversial, especially regarding gynecological malignancies. For this reason, we [...] Read more.

Guidelines on fertility preservation (FP) have been developed to help young women preserve their fertility, which may have been impaired due to cancer. Nevertheless, the correct management of oncological patients of childbearing age remains controversial, especially regarding gynecological malignancies. For this reason, we explored the current knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices of physicians towards the challenges of FP in this population. A specially developed questionnaire on fertility-related issues in patients with gynecological cancer was administered via email to 167 people, representing 167 centers of the Multicenter Italian Trials in Ovarian cancer and gynecologic malignancies (MITO) group. A total of 56 physicians, who represented 56 out of these 167 centers, responded to our survey (response rate: 33.5%). Approximately half of these physicians stated that they had adequate knowledge about the use of gonadotropin-releasing analog (GnRHa) injections (n = 30; 53.6%), the cryopreservation of oocytes (n = 25; 44.6%), and the cryopreservation of ovarian tissue (n = 27; 48.2%) in patients with gynecological tumors. Meanwhile, regarding (borderline) ovarian tumors, endometrial or cervical cancer, and genetic mutation carriers, attitudes varied substantially. In conclusion, the results of our survey highlight the different perspectives on controversial topics among physicians directly involved in the treatment of these tumors. These findings also demonstrate the lack of evidence on these issues to adequately counsel this specific patient population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gynecologic Oncology)

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14 pages, 1621 KB

Open AccessArticle

Cytotoxicity of Esculetin Compared with Vinblastine and Paclitaxel in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

by Ana I. García-Pérez, Virginia Rubio, Angel Herráez, Lilian Puebla and José C. Diez

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 526; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090526 - 20 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Metastatic prostate cancer is among the therapy-resistant human neoplasms. PC-3 is a commonly used experimental cell line that does not express androgen receptors. We compared the cytotoxicity of esculetin with that of vinblastine and paclitaxel on prostatic tumour PC-3 cells. Methods: Cells [...] Read more.

Background/Objectives: Metastatic prostate cancer is among the therapy-resistant human neoplasms. PC-3 is a commonly used experimental cell line that does not express androgen receptors. We compared the cytotoxicity of esculetin with that of vinblastine and paclitaxel on prostatic tumour PC-3 cells. Methods: Cells were treated with either esculetin (100 or 250 μM), vinblastine (50 μM) or paclitaxel (100 or 200 μM) for 19 to 72 h. Cells were assessed for metabolic viability, membrane integrity, DNA fragmentation and cell cycle analysis. Apoptosis was checked with annexin and propidium iodide. Results: Esculetin decreased the metabolic activity of PC-3 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent way. The metabolic activity of vinblastine- and paclitaxel-treated cells did not show time-dependence. Cells treated with 250 µM esculetin for 48 or 72 h showed apoptosis levels similar to those produced by 50 µM vinblastine at these incubation times or by 200 µM paclitaxel at 19 h. Vinblastine and paclitaxel produced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase after incubation for 19 h. In contrast, esculetin did not significantly affect the cell cycle. Conclusions: A differential action of esculetin on PC-3 prostate cells may be inferred. This may be relevant for novel therapies against resistant prostate cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection New Insights into Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment)

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14 pages, 288 KB

Open AccessPerspective

Measles Outbreaks and Implications for Patients Receiving Stem Cell or Cellular Therapies in Canada: Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC) Infectious Diseases Working Committee

by Simon F. Dufresne, Mohammadreza R. Shahmirzadi, Uday Deotare, Dima Kabbani, Shahid Husain, Coleman Rotstein and Seyed M. Hosseini-Moghaddam

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090525 - 19 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Measles exposures have historically been rare since the introduction of routine vaccination programs, resulting in a lack of attention from cancer patients, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients, patients receiving cellular therapy (CT) and their healthcare providers. It is essential to acknowledge the [...] Read more.

Measles exposures have historically been rare since the introduction of routine vaccination programs, resulting in a lack of attention from cancer patients, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients, patients receiving cellular therapy (CT) and their healthcare providers. It is essential to acknowledge the importance of vigilance in these situations. Measles herd immunity has declined significantly in North America due to rising vaccine hesitancy, resulting in outbreaks. Measles can result in severe outcomes, and its reemergence has raised alarm among patients and healthcare professionals caring for HCT/CT recipients. Patients with severe immunocompromising conditions cannot receive live-attenuated vaccines, such as the measles vaccine. The lack of data on measles prevention in this vulnerable group presents significant clinical challenges. In response, Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC) Infectious Diseases Working Committee has developed a set of frequently asked questions to provide expert guidance to HCT and CT recipients, acknowledging the limited evidence base. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Cell Therapy)

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19 pages, 338 KB

Open AccessArticle

Unmet Supportive Care Needs in Cancer Survivors in Spain: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence and Sociodemographic and Disease-Related Risk Factors

by Yolanda Andreu, Beatriz Gil-Juliá, Carmen Picazo, Ana García-Conde and Ana Soto-Rubio

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 524; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090524 - 19 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Objective: This multicentre study investigates unmet supportive care needs (SCNs) among cancer survivors in Spain and analyses sociodemographic and cancer-related risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used with 1862 cancer survivors aged 18–92 years who had completed primary treatment with curative intent [...] Read more.

Objective: This multicentre study investigates unmet supportive care needs (SCNs) among cancer survivors in Spain and analyses sociodemographic and cancer-related risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used with 1862 cancer survivors aged 18–92 years who had completed primary treatment with curative intent and were disease-free. Participants responded to the Cancer Survivors’ Unmet Needs (CaSUN) questionnaire. Descriptive and multivariate analyses explored SCNs in the total sample and subgroups, as well as differences according to sociodemographic and cancer-related variables. Results: At least 20% of participants reported 18 needs out of a total of 35 identified by the CaSUN questionnaire. One-third to half reported needs in the comprehensive care and information domain. Risk factors for reporting more needs included younger age; female sex; not having a partner; being on sick leave or unemployed; having a diagnosis of haematological, breast or gynaecological cancer; receiving systemic treatment (chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy); and being at an earlier stage of survival. Conclusions: The study highlights significant unmet care needs among cancer survivors in Spain and the urgency of improving management of the physical and psychosocial effects of cancer and its treatment. Special attention should be given to those at greatest risk through personalised and comprehensive care strategies integrated into survivorship programs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Disparities and Outcomes in Cancer Survivors)

8 pages, 608 KB

Open AccessCase Report

Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Olaparib in BRCA2-Mutated Prostate Cancer: A Case Report

by Shuhei Ishii, Shigekatsu Maekawa, Fumiko Amano, Daichi Kikuchi, Daiki Ikarashi, Renpei Kato, Mitsugu Kanehira, Ryo Takata, Jun Sugimura and Wataru Obara

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 523; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090523 - 19 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor approved for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with BRCA mutations, has significant clinical benefits. However, evidence suggests an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, including pulmonary embolism (PE), particularly in patients with PC. However, no case [...] Read more.

Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor approved for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with BRCA mutations, has significant clinical benefits. However, evidence suggests an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, including pulmonary embolism (PE), particularly in patients with PC. However, no case reports of olaparib-associated PE in mCRPC have been published. Here, we report the case of a 70-year-old man with mCRPC harboring a BRCA2 mutation, who developed PE during olaparib therapy. Diagnostic evaluations included contrast-enhanced computed tomography and serum D-dimer level measurement. Clinical decision tools, such as the Wells score and the Khorana score, were used to support the diagnosis and risk assessment. The patient developed acute dyspnea and chest pain 7 months after olaparib initiation. Imaging confirmed multiple pulmonary emboli; laboratory testing revealed markedly elevated D-dimer levels. Anticoagulation therapy with apixaban led to rapid clinical and radiological improvement. However, mCRPC eventually progressed after olaparib discontinuation, and the patient died 15 months after olaparib initiation. This is the first reported case of olaparib-associated PE in mCRPC. It underscores the importance of vigilance for thromboembolic complications during PARP inhibitor therapy. The integration of clinical scoring systems and biomarkers may facilitate timely PE diagnosis and management, potentially improving patient outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)

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18 pages, 560 KB

Open AccessReview

Melanoma in Primary Care: A Narrative Review of Training Interventions and the Role of Telemedicine in Medical Education

by Ignazio Stanganelli, Edoardo Mora, Debora Cantagalli, Serena Magi, Laura Mazzoni, Matelda Medri, Cesare Massone, Davide Melandri, Federica Zamagni, Ines Zanna, Gianluca Pistore, Saverio Caini, Salvatore Amato, Vincenzo De Giorgi, Pietro Quaglino, Maria Antonietta Pizzichetta, Giovanni Luigi Tripepi, Giorgia Ravaglia and Sofia Spagnolini

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 522; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090522 - 18 Sep 2025

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Abstract

General practitioners play a crucial role in the early detection and prevention of cutaneous melanoma. However, structured training on skin cancer diagnosis and management is often lacking. This narrative review aims to map the current educational interventions for general practitioners focused on melanoma, [...] Read more.

General practitioners play a crucial role in the early detection and prevention of cutaneous melanoma. However, structured training on skin cancer diagnosis and management is often lacking. This narrative review aims to map the current educational interventions for general practitioners focused on melanoma, assess their methodological approaches and outcomes, and explore the contribution of e-learning and telemedicine in medical education. A comprehensive literature search identified 54 relevant studies published between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2024. Data were extracted and categorized by topics covered, training methodology, interactivity, and clinical outcomes. Training programs varied widely in duration, delivery, and content. Interventions that integrated dermoscopy and interactive methodologies demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact. E-learning, particularly asynchronous models, emerged as a flexible and effective modality, although few studies evaluated long-term retention or clinical practice changes. Educational programs tailored to general practitioners and enriched with dermoscopy and telemedicine tools show promise in improving melanoma detection and care. Structured, interactive, and blended/hybrid learning models should be prioritized to support effective primary and secondary prevention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Melanoma: From Pathogenesis to Personalized Therapy)

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14 pages, 1598 KB

Open AccessArticle

Predicting Tumor Recurrence with Early 18F-FDG PET-CT After Thermal and Non-Thermal Ablation

by Govindarajan Narayanan, Nicole T. Gentile, Brian J. Schiro, Ripal T. Gandhi, Constantino S. Peña, Susan van der Lei and Madelon Dijkstra

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 521; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090521 - 18 Sep 2025

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Abstract

The purpose was to determine the ability of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) scans performed within 24 h of percutaneous image-guided ablation of primary and metastatic malignancies to predict ablation effectiveness and local tumor progression (LTP). This single-center retrospective review included [...] Read more.

The purpose was to determine the ability of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) scans performed within 24 h of percutaneous image-guided ablation of primary and metastatic malignancies to predict ablation effectiveness and local tumor progression (LTP). This single-center retrospective review included patients who underwent image guided ablation (microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation, or irreversible electroporation (IRE)) between August 2018 and February 2024 for primary and metastatic malignancies. The primary outcome measure encompassed correlating post-ablation 18F-FDG PET-CT findings with LTP development per tumor, assessed using the chi-square test. The secondary outcome measure was local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) per tumor, evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier survival curves, and potential confounders were identified in multivariable analysis utilizing Cox proportional hazards regression models. A total of 132 patients, who underwent 159 procedures for 224 tumors, were included. During follow-up, LTP developed in 120 out of 224 tumors (53.6%). The presence of residual nodular 18F-FDG avidity on PET-CT within 24 h after the ablation significantly correlated with the development of LTP at follow-up imaging (p < 0.001). The positive predictive value of nodular 18F-FDG avidity was 86.7%. In multivariable analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) for 18F-FDG avidity was 2.355 (95% CI 1.614–2.647; p < 0.001). The presence of 18F-FDG avidity on PET-CT within 24 h after the ablation was highly correlated with development of LTP and decreased LTPFS. The detection of residual tumor tissue may allow early re-treatments, especially in tumors with nodular uptake, contributing to increased LTPFS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in PET/CT for Predicting Cancer Outcomes)

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17 pages, 3298 KB

Open AccessArticle

Expression of Keratin-1 Predicts Recurrence and Treatment Response in Advanced Laryngeal Cancer: A Potential Therapeutic Target

by Eun Kyung Jung, S M Abdus Salam, Hye-Bin Jang, Joo Yeon Koo, Eshrat Jahan, Sun-Ae Kim, Ji Young Lee, Kyung-Hwa Lee and Tae Mi Yoon

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090520 - 17 Sep 2025

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Abstract

The survival rate of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer has not substantially improved over time. RNA sequencing analysis identified Keratin-1 (KRT1) as a gene potentially associated with cancer recurrence. This study investigated the association between KRT1 expression and recurrence in advanced laryngeal cancer. [...] Read more.

The survival rate of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer has not substantially improved over time. RNA sequencing analysis identified Keratin-1 (KRT1) as a gene potentially associated with cancer recurrence. This study investigated the association between KRT1 expression and recurrence in advanced laryngeal cancer. RNA sequencing was performed to identify candidate genes associated with recurrence. The effects of KRT1 expression on clinical outcomes were evaluated in patients with laryngeal cancer. Multiple experimental techniques were utilized. RNA sequencing of patient samples demonstrated higher KRT1 gene expression in the recurrence group than in non-recurrent cases. Patients with KRT1-positive immunostaining exhibited trends of worse overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). In vitro studies showed that KRT1 knockdown suppressed tumor cell invasion, cell migration, and expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. KRT1 knockdown enhanced tumor cell apoptosis and exhibited synergistic effects with conventional radiation and chemotherapy treatments. KRT1 may serve as a biomarker for predicting advanced laryngeal cancer recurrence and assist with selecting patients to receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Further molecular investigations are warranted to determine its effects, but KRT1 has potential as a therapeutic target. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Head and Neck Oncology)

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19 pages, 2009 KB

Open AccessReview

Nutritional Status and Chemotherapy Completion in Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Narrative Review

by Naotake Funamizu, Mio Uraoka, Chihiro Ito, Miku Iwata, Akimasa Sakamoto, Yoshiaki Kamei and Yuzo Umeda

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090519 - 17 Sep 2025

Viewed by 279

Abstract

In this review, we define “malnutrition” according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria (phenotypic and etiologic components) and “cachexia” as a multifactorial syndrome characterized by progressive skeletal muscle loss—unresponsive to conventional nutrition—and systemic inflammation (e [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gastrointestinal Oncology)

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3 pages, 165 KB

Open AccessReply

Reply to Macbeth, F.; Treasure, T. Comment on “Pang et al. Ablative Techniques for Lung Metastases: Patient Selection and Outcomes Following Treatment with Stereotactic Radiotherapy or Radiofrequency Ablation. Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32, 303”

by Nicos Fotiadis, Daniel Tong, Jennifer W. S. Pang and Merina Ahmed

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090518 - 17 Sep 2025

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Abstract

We thank Dr [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)

3 pages, 530 KB

Open AccessComment

Comment on Pang et al. Ablative Techniques for Lung Metastases: Patient Selection and Outcomes Following Treatment with Stereotactic Radiotherapy or Radiofrequency Ablation. Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32, 303

by Fergus Macbeth and Tom Treasure

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090517 - 17 Sep 2025

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Abstract

We were interested to read the article by Pang et al [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)

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13 pages, 1652 KB

Open AccessArticle

A Retrospective Study on Prognostic Factors and Systemic Treatments of Refractory Meningiomas

by Dan-Thanh Christine Nguyen, Cyril Nader, Karl Bélanger, Sarah Lapointe, Bernard Lemieux, Émilie Lemieux-Blanchard, Jean-Paul Bahary, Laura Masucci, Carole Lambert, David Roberge, Robert Moumdjian, Moujahed Labidi, Romain Cayrol and Marie Florescu

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090516 - 16 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Standard systemic treatment has not been established for refractory meningioma. This retrospective study aimed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival and document outcomes of systemic therapies. We reviewed patients with meningioma followed at CHUM hospital between 2006 and 2022. Only patients with [...] Read more.

Standard systemic treatment has not been established for refractory meningioma. This retrospective study aimed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival and document outcomes of systemic therapies. We reviewed patients with meningioma followed at CHUM hospital between 2006 and 2022. Only patients with progression after first-line treatment were included. Among 750 patients, 107 (14%) experienced progression after first-line treatment. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 69, 64%) received salvage local treatments, and Group 2 (n = 38, 36%) received additional salvage systemic treatments. The median follow-up time from diagnosis was 7.5 years. 10-year OS was 88.3% (Group 1) vs. 67.2% (Group 2) (p = 0.009). Mean survival after stopping systemic treatment was 8.94 months. Key prognostic factors for poorer survival included age ≥ 65 (HR = 2.82; p = 0.009), WHO grade 2 or 3 (HR = 4.25; p = 0.004), and progression after second-line treatment (HR = 4.77; p = 0.004). Bevacizumab was associated with a mPFS of 12 months and 1-year OS of 64,6%, whereas non-Bevacizumab treatments—including Hydroxyurea, Somatostatin, and Sunitinib—were associated with a mPFS of 7 months and 1-year OS of 52,6%. This study highlights the fatal nature of recurrent meningiomas and the urgent need for systemic treatments that can improve their survival. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Neuro-Oncology)

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11 pages, 851 KB

Open AccessArticle

Renal Cell Carcinoma: Prognosis in the Era of Targeted Therapy

by Kathrin Halfter, Michael Staehler, Dieter Hölzel, Alexander Crispin and Anne Schlesinger-Raab

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 515; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090515 - 16 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Background: Significant changes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) drug treatment and improved access to abdominal imaging have recently been implemented. The impact of these changes on patient characteristics and prognosis remains to be quantified. Methods: A population-based cohort of 210,418 RCC [...] Read more.

Background: Significant changes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) drug treatment and improved access to abdominal imaging have recently been implemented. The impact of these changes on patient characteristics and prognosis remains to be quantified. Methods: A population-based cohort of 210,418 RCC cases from the Centre for Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD) diagnosed in Germany between 2000 and 2019 was analyzed in this observational study. Three time periods of diagnosis were defined, the first (2000–2005) functioning as a control. The remaining were defined according to the introduction of tyrosine kinase targeting drugs (2006–2014) and checkpoint inhibitor drugs (2015–2019). Five-year relative survival (RS) trends for each risk group and metastatic RCC (mRCC) were determined using Poisson regression models. Results: Age at diagnosis and the proportion of low-risk disease increased, while the proportion of mRCC decreased (p < 0.0001). RS improved slightly between the first and last period in low (5-year RS 98.7% vs. 100.9%), intermediate (89.2% vs. 91.9%), and high-risk (76.6% vs. 80.3%), as well as mRCC (28.3% vs. 29.1%). The overall change in prognosis was significant in low (p = 0.0233) and high-risk groups (p = 0.0002), but not in intermediate-risk and mRCC groups. In a multivariate analysis, high-risk ccRCC patients appear to profit from drug treatment advances. Conclusions: Earlier detection has improved prognosis for the majority of RCC patients. Further efforts should be aimed at diagnosing more mRCC patients earlier, when surgical tumor removal remains feasible. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)

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11 pages, 1819 KB

Open AccessArticle

In-Hospital Mortality Among Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Pericardiocentesis for Pericardial Effusion with and Without Malignancy

by Ju Young Bae, Dae Yong Park, Soumya Banna, Jiun-Ruey Hu, Amr Saleh, Mamas A. Mamas, Robert L. McNamara, Michael G. Nanna, John F. Setaro, Luke K. Kim and S. Elissa Altin

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090514 - 15 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Background: Despite the high prevalence of malignant pericardial effusions (MPEs), the differences in mortality between those undergoing pericardiocentesis for MPE versus non-malignancy pericardial effusions (NMPEs) are not well characterized. To address this knowledge gap, we aim to compare clinical outcomes following pericardiocentesis [...] Read more.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of malignant pericardial effusions (MPEs), the differences in mortality between those undergoing pericardiocentesis for MPE versus non-malignancy pericardial effusions (NMPEs) are not well characterized. To address this knowledge gap, we aim to compare clinical outcomes following pericardiocentesis among patients with MPE and NMPE. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to identify all hospitalizations during which pericardiocentesis was performed between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020 (total n = 174,776,205). This cohort was further stratified based on the presence or absence of malignancy. The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included discharge disposition (categorized as non-home discharges), length of stay, and total hospitalization costs. Results: A total of 85,125 patients with pericardial effusions undergoing pericardiocentesis were identified. Patients with an MPE (n = 24,740) were younger and more likely to have a history of malnutrition, prior radiation, palliative care treatments, and do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders compared to those with an NMPE (n = 60,385). Lung cancer was the most common malignancy (40.3%) in patients with an MPE requiring pericardiocentesis. The in-hospital mortality following pericardiocentesis was 11.8% in patients with malignancy and 8.2% in patients without (odds ratio (OR) for mortality 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–1.68, p < 0.001). Lung cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, esophageal cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia were associated with a significantly increased risk of death during the same admission. Non-home discharge, length of stay, and total hospitalization cost were marginally greater in those with an MPE. Conclusions: In patients undergoing pericardiocentesis, those with an MPE had significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to those with an NMPE. Additionally, the MPE group had a marginally longer length of stay and incurred higher total hospital costs. Further research is warranted to explore optimal treatment strategies for MPEs, particularly in patients with a limited life expectancy. Full article

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4 pages, 144 KB

Open AccessEditorial

Radiotherapy for Genitourinary Cancer

by Natsuo Tomita and Takuya Koie

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090513 - 15 Sep 2025

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Abstract

As the second most common cancer in men, prostate cancer was diagnosed in 1 [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiotherapy for Genitourinary Cancer)

15 pages, 1193 KB

Open AccessArticle

Somatostatin Receptor 2 Overexpression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Cancer Biology and Therapeutic Applications

by Servando Hernandez Vargas, Solmaz Aghaamiri, Jack T. Adams, Tyler M. Bateman, Belkacem Acidi, Sukhen C. Ghosh, Vahid Khalaj, Ahmed O. Kaseb, Hop S. Tran Cao, Majid Momeny and Ali Azhdarinia

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 512; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090512 - 13 Sep 2025

Viewed by 613

Abstract

(1) Background: Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), a G protein-coupled receptor, is overexpressed in multiple malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While SSTR2 has traditionally been viewed as an inhibitory receptor involved in suppressing hormone secretion and cell proliferation, emerging evidence suggests a more complex [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), a G protein-coupled receptor, is overexpressed in multiple malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While SSTR2 has traditionally been viewed as an inhibitory receptor involved in suppressing hormone secretion and cell proliferation, emerging evidence suggests a more complex role in cancer biology. However, the functional implications of SSTR2 expression in HCC remain poorly understood. This study aimed to systematically investigate the molecular landscape associated with SSTR2 expression in HCC and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target. (2) Methods: SSTR2 expression patterns across 22 tumor types were assessed using TNMplot, and its expression in HCC was further validated through The Human Protein Atlas. Integrative analysis of transcriptomic profiles, protein expression data, and somatic copy number alterations was performed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to stratify HCC patients by SSTR2 expression levels. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was conducted via SRplot to uncover biological processes and signaling pathways associated with SSTR2. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were performed using GEO datasets to determine the prognostic significance of SSTR2 expression. (3) Results: SSTR2 is moderately expressed in the majority of HCC tumors. Elevated SSTR2 expression correlates with significantly poorer overall and disease-specific survival. High SSTR2 levels are associated with activation of oncogenic signaling cascades related to cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and metastasis. Additionally, SSTR2 expression is positively correlated with several receptor tyrosine kinases and oncogenes implicated in HCC progression. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SSTR2 is not merely a passive biomarker but may contribute to HCC pathogenesis through modulation of oncogenic pathways. These data support the rationale for further development of SSTR2-directed therapeutic strategies to inhibit tumor growth and invasion in HCC patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Therapeutic Strategies, Biomarkers, and Molecular Pathways in Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Cancers)

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23 pages, 457 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Impact of Depression on Mortality in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review

by Matthieu Hein and Christelle Bouchart

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090511 - 13 Sep 2025

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Abstract

The literature provides evidence of the negative impact of depression on mortality among cancer patients. Depression is also a common comorbidity in pancreatic cancer (PC). The objective of this systematic review was to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the potential role of depression [...] Read more.

The literature provides evidence of the negative impact of depression on mortality among cancer patients. Depression is also a common comorbidity in pancreatic cancer (PC). The objective of this systematic review was to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the potential role of depression in the excess mortality observed in patients with PC. Based on PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD420251135451) was conducted in August 2025 using the Pubmed-Medline and Scopus database. After assessment by two readers of the 325 identified articles, 8 articles (n = 143,033) published between 1 January 2010 and 15 August 2025 investigating the specific impact of depression (diagnosed by psychiatric interviews, self-report questionnaires, or diagnostic codes) on mortality in patients with PC (diagnosed by clinical diagnosis or diagnostic codes) were included in this systematic literature review. Articles that were not research studies and were written in a language other than English/French were not included. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. A narrative synthesis of the results was performed for the potential impact of depression on mortality in patients with PC. The reported prevalence of depression in this population ranged from 7.4% to 51.8% (seven studies, n = 142,983), depending on the studies considered. Most of the included studies (seven studies, n = 141,728) consistently reported an increased risk of mortality associated with depression, regardless of cancer stage or treatment received. However, the scientific quality of these studies was generally low, with a significant risk of bias. These results suggest that better integration of depression management in the care of patients with PC could potentially improve clinical outcomes in this high-risk population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Routine Screening for Distress, Depression and Anxiety in Oncology: Where Are We Now?)

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12 pages, 1465 KB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Body Composition on Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated with Ribociclib

by Ahmet Oruç, Mustafa Erol, Özlem Şahin, Melek Karakurt Eryılmaz, Murat Araz and Mehmet Artaç

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 510; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090510 - 13 Sep 2025

Viewed by 267

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether body composition parameters affect progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hormone receptor positive and HER-2 negative metastatic breast cancer treated with ribociclib as first-line therapy. Materials and methods: It was designed as a single-center, retrospective study; [...] Read more.

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether body composition parameters affect progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hormone receptor positive and HER-2 negative metastatic breast cancer treated with ribociclib as first-line therapy. Materials and methods: It was designed as a single-center, retrospective study; therefore, its generalizability is limited. At the start of treatment, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed on patients, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume, SAT and VAT SUV (standardized uptake value) mean, SAT and VAT index, skeletal muscle index (SMI), and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) were calculated at the L3 vertebra level. The albumin-myosteatosis gauge (AMG) was defined as SMD × albumin. Results: The study included 73 participants. Increased SAT and VAT volumes were associated with worse PFS (23.4 vs. 35.5 months, p: 0.015; 25.4 vs. 33.3 months, p: 0.114). However, in the multivariable cox regression analysis for progression free survival (PFS), an increase in SAT volume [HR 4.96; p: 0.038)] and SAT SUV mean [HR 2.99; p: 0.016)] were identified as independent risk factors. Conclusions: It should be noted that in patients treated with ribociclib, increases in SAT volume and SAT SUV mean are independent risk factors for PFS. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Palliative and Supportive Care)

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19 pages, 1681 KB

Open AccessReview

Critical Review of Hearing Rehabilitation in Pediatric Oncology: Specific Considerations and Barriers

by Guillaume Courbon, Laurie Lugnier, Johnnie K. Bass, Thomas E. Merchant, Thierry Morlet and Celine Richard

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 509; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090509 - 13 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Childhood cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and combined modalities, pose significant risks to auditory function due to their ototoxic effects. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in pediatric oncology, causes dose-dependent irreversible sensorineural hearing loss by damaging the inner ear structures, primarily [...] Read more.

Childhood cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and combined modalities, pose significant risks to auditory function due to their ototoxic effects. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in pediatric oncology, causes dose-dependent irreversible sensorineural hearing loss by damaging the inner ear structures, primarily through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the activation of apoptotic pathways. Radiation therapy exacerbates these effects, contributing to both sensorineural and conductive hearing loss via mechanisms such as vascular injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. The severity of hearing loss is influenced by the treatment timing, the cumulative dose, patient age, genetics, and concurrent therapies. The damaging effects of chemotherapy and radiation extend beyond the cochlea, involving the surrounding temporal bone as well as multiple levels of the auditory pathway. While pediatric patients may be candidates for bone-anchored hearing devices or cochlear implants, the need for serial imaging and the potential for implant-related MRI artifacts can complicate the timing of hearing rehabilitation. Moreover, the impact on the subcortical and cortical auditory structures may further influence the rehabilitation outcomes. This scoping review lays the foundation for future clinical and research efforts focused on the development of comprehensive pediatric guidelines for hearing preservation, monitoring, and rehabilitation, while also fostering multidisciplinary collaboration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology)

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14 pages, 271 KB

Open AccessArticle

Sleep Problems and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients

by Andreas Hinz, Michael Friedrich, Thomas Schulte, Mareike Ernst, Ana N. Tibubos, Katja Petrowski and Nadja Dornhöfer

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090508 - 12 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Background: Sleep problems are frequently observed in breast cancer patients. However, the relationship between sleep quality and overall quality of life (QoL) and the specificity of different sleep-related questionnaires have not yet been adequately studied in breast cancer patients. Methods: The sample of [...] Read more.

Background: Sleep problems are frequently observed in breast cancer patients. However, the relationship between sleep quality and overall quality of life (QoL) and the specificity of different sleep-related questionnaires have not yet been adequately studied in breast cancer patients. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 533 breast cancer patients, recruited in a German rehabilitation clinic, with a mean age of 52.3 years (SD = 12.5 years). The following three sleep-related questionnaires were used: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS). In addition, we used the QoL instrument EORTC QLQ-C30. Results: Sleep quality was poor in this sample of breast cancer patients. The effect sizes d, indicating the difference in sleep quality between the patient sample and the general population, were between 0.97 and 1.76 (p < 0.001). QoL was impaired in all components (p < 0.001); the impairment in the dimension of sleep quality (d = 1.70) was among the highest. Sleep quality was correlated with all components of QoL. The comparison of the three sleep-related questionnaires showed that the results obtained in oncological studies partly depend on the instrument used. Conclusion: As the burden of sleep problems is high, screening for sleep problems in breast cancer patients is important. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Breast Cancer)

12 pages, 938 KB

Open AccessArticle

Clinical and Molecular Profiling of Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Cohort Study of BRAF-Mutated Cases from a Tertiary Centre

by Julia Freckelton, Justin Mencel, Iris Levink, Sheela Rao, Charlotte Fribbens, Paula Proszek, Damian Brooks, Xin Liu, David Cunningham, Ian Chau and Naureen Starling

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090507 - 12 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Introduction: Increasingly, identification of BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer is used to guide management and predict cancer behaviour. There is, however, still significant diversity within this cohort of patients, both in terms of clinical phenotype and treatment outcomes. This may be explained, at [...] Read more.

Introduction: Increasingly, identification of BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer is used to guide management and predict cancer behaviour. There is, however, still significant diversity within this cohort of patients, both in terms of clinical phenotype and treatment outcomes. This may be explained, at least in part, by differences between classes of BRAF mutations and the presence of concomitant mutations. Methods: We present a retrospective cohort study of sequential patients diagnosed with BRAF-mutated (V600 and non-V600) colorectal cancer between 2014 and 2022. Information regarding presentation, treatment outcomes and molecular subtype was identified using the electronic medical record. Results: This study included 406 patients with BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer, 253 (228 ^V600BRAF) of whom had localised disease and 153 (137 ^V600BRAF) with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. In patients with localised disease at diagnosis, the ^V600BRAF mutation was associated with older median age (73 vs. 63 years, p = 0.04) and a higher prevalence of right-sided primary (73% vs. 40%, p < 0.01), mismatch repair deficiency (56% vs. 8%, p < 0.01), and faster time to disease relapse (p = 0.006). In the metastatic setting, ^non-V600BRAF mutation was associated with a higher prevalence of KRAS mutation (27% vs. 1%, p < 0.01), NRAS mutation (14% vs. 3%, p = 0.04) and PIK3CA mutation (33% vs. 8%, p = 0.02). Mismatch repair deficiency was more common in patients with ^V600BRAF mutations than in those with ^non-V600BRAF mutations (20% vs. 0%, p = 0.01). The median survival of patients with the ^V600BRAF mutation was 14 months, and 34 months in those with ^non-V600BRAF mutations. Concomitant RNF43 mutation in metastatic disease, was associated with a significantly higher incidence of disease control from combined BRAF and EGFR inhibition, when compared to those without an RNF43 mutation (100% vs. 54%, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Presentation and outcomes of BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer are heterogenous. The type of BRAF mutation, and the presence of concomitant RNF43 mutation, may explain some of the differences in cancer behaviour. Routine reporting of RNF43 mutations would assist clinicians to give more personalised treatment recommendations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gastrointestinal Oncology)

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11 pages, 3622 KB

Open AccessCase Report

Dissociation Between Tumor Response and PTTM Progression During Entrectinib Therapy in NTRK Fusion-Positive Colon Cancer

by Hideki Nagano, Shigekazu Ohyama, Atsushi Sato, Jun Igarashi, Tomoko Yamamoto and Mikiko Kobayashi

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 506; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090506 - 11 Sep 2025

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Abstract

We report a rare case of pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) in a patient with metastatic neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive transverse colon cancer who exhibited a marked radiologic and biochemical response to entrectinib. Despite significant tumor shrinkage, progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia [...] Read more.

We report a rare case of pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) in a patient with metastatic neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive transverse colon cancer who exhibited a marked radiologic and biochemical response to entrectinib. Despite significant tumor shrinkage, progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia developed approximately four weeks after therapy initiation. Chest CT revealed diffuse interstitial infiltrates, initially interpreted as drug-induced pneumonitis or infection. Entrectinib was discontinued, but respiratory failure progressed, and the patient died shortly thereafter. Autopsy revealed widespread pulmonary microangiopathy with fibrocellular intimal proliferation and tumor emboli in small pulmonary arteries, consistent with PTTM. Notably, no hematogenous metastases were identified; instead, tumor spread appeared to occur via an atypical lymphatic route through the thoracic duct. The tumor exhibited microsatellite stability and a modest mutation burden, suggesting that lymphatic dissemination and microvascular pathology may progress independently of these genomic features. This case underscores a critical dissociation between oncologic response and vascular complications, indicating that tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor monotherapy may be insufficient to prevent PTTM. Comprehensive management may require concurrent strategies targeting the pulmonary microvasculature, including antiangiogenic therapy and modulation of cytokine and growth factor signaling. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Surgical Oncology)

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16 pages, 286 KB

Open AccessArticle

Participants’ Perceptions of Advantages and Drawbacks of “Drop-In” Versus “Closed-Group” Formats Related to Cancer Bereavement Program Delivery

by Yoojung Kim and Carmen G. Loiselle

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090505 - 10 Sep 2025

Viewed by 286

Abstract

Having opportunities to readily access bereavement support for people affected by the death of a loved one is central to any comprehensive approach to cancer care. Hope & Cope, a community-based cancer support organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, offers professional- and volunteer-led [...] Read more.

Having opportunities to readily access bereavement support for people affected by the death of a loved one is central to any comprehensive approach to cancer care. Hope & Cope, a community-based cancer support organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, offers professional- and volunteer-led bereavement programs in two formats: “drop-in” (open as needed) and “closed-group” (structured). This qualitative study explored contributions and potential drawbacks of these two-program delivery formats as reported by bereaved participants (N = 18). Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted according to groups: Drop-in (n = 7) and closed-group (n = 11). Audio-recorded interviews (lasting between 30 and 60 min) were transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Three themes were revealed: (1) Program structure according to grief timeline, (2) Flexibility in the choice of topics and impact on grief experiences, (3) Grief support dynamics in relation to group composition. Findings indicate that drop-in provided “as-needed” tailored support, whereas closed-groups ensured consistency in attendance. Some drawbacks included high attendance turnover in the drop-in and less relevant topics in the structured closed format. Supportive interventions should continue to be tailored to people’s profiles and preferences, not only for content but also for delivery formats. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Reviews in Section "Oncology Nursing")

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13 pages, 792 KB

Open AccessArticle

Ten-Year Real-World Outcomes and Clinicopathologic Predictors of Recurrence in Adult Granulosa Cell Tumors: A Turkish Single-Center Experience

by Aslı Geçgel, Oğuzcan Özcan, Pınar Peker, Gürdeniz Serin, Burçak Karaca Yayla, Erdem Göker and Ulus Ali Şanlı

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 504; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090504 - 10 Sep 2025

Viewed by 317

Abstract

Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) are rare ovarian neoplasms with typically indolent behavior but potential for late recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes and identify clinicopathological predictors of disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with AGCTs. This retrospective cohort study included patients [...] Read more.

Adult granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) are rare ovarian neoplasms with typically indolent behavior but potential for late recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes and identify clinicopathological predictors of disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with AGCTs. This retrospective cohort study included patients with histologically confirmed AGCTs who were treated or followed at Ege University Faculty of Medicine between January 2012 and 2023. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods. Among 55 patients with a median follow-up of 113.7 months, the median DFS was 92.3 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 113.7 months. The 5-year DFS and OS rates were 84.5% and 93.9%, respectively. Recurrence occurred in 23.6% of patients and was significantly linked to advanced FIGO stage, atypical endometrial pathology, and bleomycin–etoposide–cisplatin (BEP)/etoposide–cisplatin (EP)-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Larger tumor size (>10 cm) and stage III disease were also associated with shorter DFS. Univariate analysis showed that stage III disease (HR 7.14, p = 0.006) and tumor size >10 cm (HR 3.59, p = 0.025) were associated with significantly shorter DFS, while absence of endometrial pathology was protective (HR 0.34, p = 0.022). In multivariate analysis, stage III disease remained the only independent predictor of recurrence (HR 4.45, p = 0.046). Advanced-stage disease is an independent predictor of recurrence and should be considered a high-risk feature requiring prolonged follow-up. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Gynecologic Oncology)

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13 pages, 736 KB

Open AccessArticle

Single-Center Real World Study of Everolimus and Exemestane in HR+/HER2− Metastatic Breast Cancer Following CDK4/6 Inhibitor Therapy

by Yunus Emre Altıntaş, Oğuzcan Kınıkoğlu, Deniz Işık, Aziz Batu, Ayberk Bayramgil, Büşra Niğdelioğlu, Uğur Özkerim, Sıla Öksüz, Heves Sürmeli, Nedim Turan and Hatice Odabaş

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090503 - 10 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Background: Hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2− negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is the most common subtype of advanced breast cancer. Resistance to endocrine therapy often develops, particularly after CDK4/6 inhibitors. Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, may restore hormone sensitivity, but real-world data after CDK4/6 and [...] Read more.

Background: Hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2− negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is the most common subtype of advanced breast cancer. Resistance to endocrine therapy often develops, particularly after CDK4/6 inhibitors. Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, may restore hormone sensitivity, but real-world data after CDK4/6 and chemotherapy are limited. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 70 patients with HR+/HER2− MBC who progressed on CDK4/6 inhibitors and at least one line of chemotherapy. All received daily oral everolimus (10 mg) plus exemestane (25 mg). Tumor response was assessed via RECIST v1.1, and survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Median progression-free survival was 6.6 months and overall survival was 22.6 months. The disease control rate was 88.6%, with 57.1% showing partial response. Fatigue (20%), skin toxicity (8.6%), and stomatitis (5.7%) were the most common adverse events. No grade 3–4 toxicities or discontinuations occurred. No clinical or pathological variables significantly influenced survival. Conclusions: Everolimus plus exemestane provided meaningful clinical benefit and manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated HR+/HER2− MBC patients. This regimen remains a valid later-line option, particularly in settings with limited access to newer targeted therapies or genomic testing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Breast Cancer)

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17 pages, 276 KB

Open AccessArticle

Social Networks of Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Rohini R. Datta, Bojana Petrovic, Argerie Tsimicalis, A. Fuchsia Howard, Emily K. Drake, Sheila N. Garland, Karine Chalifour, Norma M. D’Agostino, Abha A. Gupta and Jacqueline L. Bender

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090502 - 9 Sep 2025

Viewed by 797

Abstract

A cancer diagnosis disrupts the social networks of adolescents and young adults (AYAs), impacting their overall health and wellbeing. This cross-sectional study examined the social network integration (SNI; size and frequency of contact) of AYAs with cancer in Canada. A survey was distributed [...] Read more.

A cancer diagnosis disrupts the social networks of adolescents and young adults (AYAs), impacting their overall health and wellbeing. This cross-sectional study examined the social network integration (SNI; size and frequency of contact) of AYAs with cancer in Canada. A survey was distributed to AYAs with cancer at an urban cancer centre and across Canada (n = 334). SNI was measured with the Berkman–Syme Social Network Index (SNI) and a modified version accounting for online interactions (SNI+). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with SNI and SNI+. A total of 54.8% and 68% of AYAs with cancer were classified as socially integrated with each measure, respectively. Living with others was associated with greater SNI and SNI+ (SNI OR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.39, 7.72; SNI+ OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.14, 5.58), and an annual personal income of >CAD 80,000 was associated with greater SNI+ (SNI+ OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.09, 7.77). A significant proportion of AYAs with cancer are socially isolated. AYAs with cancer who live alone and whose personal income is less than CAD 80,000 are at a higher risk of social isolation. Digital technology could be leveraged to increase the SNI of AYAs with cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Psychosocial Oncology)

16 pages, 243 KB

Open AccessArticle

‘What Really Goes on in My Cancer Bubble, They Cannot Understand’: Social Functioning Among Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Cancer Patients

by Sophia H. E. Sleeman, Milou J. P. Reuvers, Michaela H. van der Veldt, Eveliene Manten-Horst and Olga Husson

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 501; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090501 - 9 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Cancer during adolescence and young adulthood (AYA; 18–39 years) can disrupt age-related milestones and impair social functioning. Many AYA patients report unmet social support needs and relationship changes, leading to isolation. This mixed-methods study explores social challenges among AYA patients actively seeking support [...] Read more.

Cancer during adolescence and young adulthood (AYA; 18–39 years) can disrupt age-related milestones and impair social functioning. Many AYA patients report unmet social support needs and relationship changes, leading to isolation. This mixed-methods study explores social challenges among AYA patients actively seeking support through a communication tool, the ‘AYA Match app’, supporting communication with loved ones. Upon downloading the app, participants completed questionnaires on social support (MOS-SSS) and social functioning (EORTC CAT) and open-ended questions about social challenges. Eligibility included a first cancer diagnosis at AYA age and fluency in Dutch. The findings show that cancer negatively affected AYA patients’ social functioning. Physical limitations and difficulty relating to peers caused isolation and feelings of loneliness. Some preferred solitude or withheld emotions to protect loved ones. Challenges included forming new relationships, feeling left behind as peers reach milestones, and struggling with a changed life perspective. Participants with children reported less social support. This study highlights the complex social challenges AYA cancer patients face. While support from loved ones is crucial, it may not always be effective. Personalized interventions like peer support, improved family communication, and tailored digital tools are needed to improve social well-being and quality of life in AYAs with cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quality of Life and Follow-Up Care Among AYA Cancer Survivors)

8 pages, 3102 KB

Open AccessCase Report

Primary Retroperitoneal Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma in a Male Patient: A Case Report

by Masayuki Tomioka, Keita Nakane, Koji Iinuma, Kota Kawase, Tomoki Taniguchi, Yuki Tobisawa, Aoi Muto, Tomohiro Kanayama, Tatsuhiko Miyazaki and Takuya Koie

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090500 - 5 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PRMC) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm with few reported cases, particularly among male patients. Currently, only nine documented cases have been reported worldwide, including the present case. The present case report describes the incidental detection of PRMC in an [...] Read more.

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PRMC) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm with few reported cases, particularly among male patients. Currently, only nine documented cases have been reported worldwide, including the present case. The present case report describes the incidental detection of PRMC in an 86-year-old male patient. Despite being offered surgical intervention, the patient initially opted against treatment. Consequently, follow-up imaging examinations were performed for 3 subsequent years. The tumor, initially measuring 31 × 32 × 31 mm, gradually increased to 58 × 60 × 59 mm. Subsequently, the patient underwent laparoscopic retroperitoneal tumor resection. Histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma characterized by intestinal differentiation. The patient has exhibited no evidence of disease for 1 year postoperatively. The present case is noteworthy, as this disease rarely occurs in men, thereby offering significant potential for educational and scientific contributions. Notably, the patient’s age, longitudinal observation of tumor progression through imaging over a period of 3 years, and complete surgical excision of the tumor are salient features of this case. These findings may prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment strategy for male patients with PRMC. Full article

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18 pages, 742 KB

Open AccessArticle

Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Conjunction with Cranial Radiation for Older Adults with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Synchronous Brain Metastasis

by Ruchira V. Mahashabde, Sajjad A. Bhatti, Bradley C. Martin, Jacob T. Painter, Mausam Patel, Analiz Rodriguez, Jun Ying and Chenghui Li

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 499; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090499 - 5 Sep 2025

Viewed by 861

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) display efficacy in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with brain metastases (BMs) and studies suggest potential synergy with cranial radiation (CR). However, population-based evaluations of optimal time between ICI-CR combinations are limited in the US. Using SEER-Medicare database (2010–2019), [...] Read more.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) display efficacy in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with brain metastases (BMs) and studies suggest potential synergy with cranial radiation (CR). However, population-based evaluations of optimal time between ICI-CR combinations are limited in the US. Using SEER-Medicare database (2010–2019), we analyzed patients aged ≥65 years with NSCLC and BM receiving ICI-CR within 6 months of diagnosis, excluding those receiving targeted therapies. First treatment after diagnosis (ICI or CR) was defined as index treatment; followed by subsequent treatment. Findings were validated using an independent cohort from the TriNetX LIVE™ Platform. Patients were grouped by interval between the end of the index treatment and the start of the subsequent treatment: ≤15 days (n = 117), 16–30 days (n = 42), and >30 days (n = 77). Overall survival (OS) was measured from the start of the subsequent treatment until death, end of insurance coverage, or study end. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated differences between groups. Among 236 patients, median OS was 134 days, 92 days, and 209 days, respectively. No significant OS differences were found across intervals. However, a survival benefit emerged approximately 300 days after follow-up when ICI was administered within 15 days of CR. These findings offer insight into treatment sequencing in NSCLC with BM and support further investigation in larger cohorts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)

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16 pages, 608 KB

Open AccessArticle

Trend and Cancer-Specific Prevalence of Kidney Stones Among US Cancer Survivors, 2007–2020

by Chao Cao, Ruixuan Wang, Xiangren Wang, Mohammad Abufaraj, Thomas Waldhoer, Geoffrey T. Gotto, Shahrokh F. Shariat and Lin Yang

Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(9), 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32090498 - 5 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and cancer-specific patterns of kidney stones among U.S. cancer survivors compared to non-cancer adults. Methods: This was a serial cross-sectional, descriptive epidemiologic analysis of a US nationally representative sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from [...] Read more.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and cancer-specific patterns of kidney stones among U.S. cancer survivors compared to non-cancer adults. Methods: This was a serial cross-sectional, descriptive epidemiologic analysis of a US nationally representative sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2020. Weighted prevalence of kidney stones was estimated for both non-cancer adults and cancer survivors by study cycle. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with higher probability of kidney stones in both non-cancer adults and cancer survivors. Results: From 2007–2008 to 2017–2020, kidney stone prevalence rose in both non-cancer adults (8.5% to 9.2%, p for trend = 0.013) and cancer survivors (13.1% to 17.3%, p for trend = 0.033). Throughout the study period, prevalence was consistently higher in cancer survivors. The overall prevalence from 2007 to 2020 was 15.8% (95% CI: 14.0–17.5%) in cancer survivors and 9.2% (95% CI: 8.8–9.6%) in non-cancer adults. After adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health factors, cancer survivors had higher odds of kidney stones (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.10–1.49). Compared with non-cancer adults, survivors of ovarian (OR = 3.71, 95% CI: 1.77–7.78), kidney (OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.46–5.68), bone and soft tissue (OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.12–7.30), uterine (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.17–3.22), cervix (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.08–2.61) and prostate (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.06–1.87) cancers were statistically more likely to report kidney stones. The prevalence was numerically highest among survivors of kidney cancer (34.7%), followed by bone and soft tissue (29.9%), ovarian (29.8%), and testicular (26.3%) cancers. Conclusions: The higher prevalence of kidney stones in cancer survivors, with substantial variation by cancer type, highlights the urgent need for effective clinical management of kidney stones in oncology settings and mechanistic research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)

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Curr. Oncol., Volume 32, Issue 9 (September 2025) – 53 articles

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