Medicina, Volume 59, Issue 5

Background and Objectives: Antiresorptive drugs are widely used in osteology and oncology. An important adverse effect of these drugs is medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). There is scientific uncertainty about the underlying pathome...

Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that was approved for the treatment of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in 2014. The most common side effect of Nintedanib is diarrhea, and thrombocytopenia is a rare side effect of Nintedanib. The...

Background and Objectives: Studies on rotator cuff tears (RCT) in patients younger than 50 years have focused on the post-operative outcomes. Little is known about cuff tear etiopathogenesis, although it is a common belief that most tears are due to...

Background and Objectives: Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with debilitating complications and high mortality. Evidence indicates that good glycemic control delays disease progression and is hence a target of disease management...

Background and Objectives: Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor type 1 (ROR1) plays a critical role in embryogenesis and is overexpressed in many malignant cells. These characteristics allow ROR1 to be a potential new target for cancer treat...

Background and Objectives: Colon cancer (CC) is the second most common cancer in Saudi Arabia, and the number of new cases is expected to increase by 40% by 2040. Sixty percent of patients with CC are diagnosed in the late stage, causing a reduced su...

The occurrence of more than one primary malignant tumor in a single patient is rare. Multiple primary malignancies can pose difficulties in differential diagnosis between primary tumors and metastasis. Here, we present a case report with multiple pri...

Objective: This report aims to describe the surgical methodology and potential effectiveness of endoscopic separation surgery (ESS) in patients with metastatic spine disease. This concept may reduce the invasiveness of the procedure, which can potent...

Background and Objectives: The development of liver fibrosis as a consequence of continuous inflammation represents a turning point in the evolution of chronic liver diseases. The recent developments of artificial intelligence (AI) applications show...

Monoclonal antibodies directed against immune checkpoint proteins have been widely used to treat various cancers and have resulted in favorable clinical outcomes. Despite these beneficial properties, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce sid...