Medicina, Volume 62, Issue 2

Background and Objectives: Totally endoscopic aortic valve replacement (TE-AVR) is a minimally invasive technique offering potential benefits of reduced surgical trauma and faster recovery compared with median sternotomy or other minimally invasive a...

Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is frequently encountered in critically ill patients and is associated with increased short-term mortality. However, the biological and clinical determinants of mortality within the diabetic intensive care...

Background and Objectives: Chronic tinnitus in patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is frequently linked to psychological distress and affective temperament traits. This study examined audiological characteristics, psychological...

Tetanus, a disease caused by the neurotoxin-producing bacteria Clostridium tetani (C. tetani), remains a serious threat, particularly among individuals who are unvaccinated or under-vaccinated. Although public health guidelines in the United States c...

Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer is an aggressive malignancy characterized by high recurrence rates, even following curative resection. The Albumin–Bilirubin (ALBI) score was originally established to assess hepatic functional reserve...

Background and Objectives: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive form of primary brain tumor, characterised by high recurrence rates and poor patient prognosis. This study aimed to identify gene-expression signatures and molecular networks associ...

Background and Objectives: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is histologically divided into adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). While Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1) regulates the DNA damage response, its subtype-specific clinical imp...

Background and Objectives: Tubal reanastomosis is an alternative option for women seeking fertility after sterilization. Thus, anastomosis healing quality and peri-tubal adhesions play a crucial role. TISSEEL^® fibrin sealant may enhance tissue re...

Background and Objectives: Gynecological cancers frequently require radiation therapy (RT) in primary, adjuvant, or salvage settings. However, photon-based RT is associated with non-negligible toxicity, and treatment of pelvic recurrences after prior...

Background and Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess brachial plexus decompression throughout the sequential stages of the Roos procedure and to elucidate the role of first rib resection in the surgical management of Thoracic...

Background and Objectives: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) remains a disease without a curative treatment. Hence, patient healthcare is mostly based on symptom management and the application of coping strategies, such as p...

Background and Objectives: The concurrent management of cholelithiasis and inguinal hernia remains a subject of surgical debate, primarily due to concerns regarding prosthetic mesh infection in a clean-contaminated field. This study evaluates the saf...

Intense physical activity imposes substantial oxidative, metabolic, and immunological stress on the human body. It is often accompanied by reductions in plasma glutamine levels, making this amino acid conditionally essential. Glutamine plays a vital...

Background and Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for rectal cancer staging; however, its reliability after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) remains controversial due to treatment-induced tissue changes. This study aimed to co...

Background and Objectives: Uterine FIGO grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma (EC) is an uncommon but aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer with limited biomarker data to guide prognosis and management. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic signifi...

Background and Objectives: Borderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) predominantly affect women of reproductive age. Following concerns about minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in cervical cancer, the oncological safety of the surgical approach in BOTs require...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as one of the greatest challenges for the modern public health system and serves as the foundation for the development of advanced stages, such as metabolic dysfunction-asso...

Background and Objectives: Vaginal vault prolapse is a known complication following anterior pelvic exenteration in women undergoing radical cystectomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and early outcomes of a novel anato...

Background and Objectives: IgG4-related disease is a chronic fibro-inflammatory condition. Despite the development of classification and responder indexes, reliable biomarkers for disease activity and therapeutic monitoring remain limited. We evaluat...

Background and Objectives: This biomechanical study aimed to compare the fixation stability of proximal fragments and assess the mechanical properties in models of unstable basicervical intertrochanteric fractures. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six s...

Background and Objectives: Total vaginal hysterectomy (TVH) has been performed quite often for a uterus with prolapse, although less used than total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH). The purpose of this study was to compare the perioperative outcomes of...

Background and Objectives: Axillary lymph node (ALN) status is one of the most important prognostic factors in breast cancer. Numerous studies have evaluated less invasive methods for accurate staging. To investigate the diagnostic performance of ult...

Background and Objectives: The integration of digital planning and point-of-care (POC) manufacturing has expanded rapidly in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS); however, evidence focusing on regulated, platform-based workflows and their clinical i...

Background and Objectives: Controlled breathing can influence autonomic regulation and haemodynamics; however, the role of its timing relative to exercise remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Fourteen healthy, physically active men (mean age 21.8...

Background and Objectives: Extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen remodeling contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and vascular access dysfunction. Conventional histological techniques rely on staining and provide limited sensitivit...

Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder causing physical, cognitive, and psychological impairments that affect daily functioning and quality of life (QoL). Psychological distress, cognitive deficits, and...

Background and Objectives: Vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA), a prevalent condition among postmenopausal women, significantly impairs quality of life through symptoms like vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and burning. Non-hormonal treatments, such as CO₂ lase...

Background and Objectives: Patients with a prior history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) who present with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) represent a complex, high-risk subgroup due to advanced comorbidity burden and...

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is increasingly recognized as a comprehensive tool for planning percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). By integrating plaque morphology, calcium burden, and CT-derived coronary physiology, CCTA enabl...

Background and Objectives: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fractalkine (CX3CL1), a chemokine involved in inflammation, angiogenesis, and microglial activation, may play a role in DR pathogen...

Background and objectives: In older and frail patients, in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is associated with high mortality. Early warning scores such as the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) are widely used to detect clinical deterioration, but...

Background and Objectives: Dysglycemia is a major determinant of adverse outcomes in COVID-19, yet the separate contributions of poor glycemic control and glycemic variability (GV) remain incompletely defined. We conducted a systematic review and met...

Management of septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis (SAS) presents with substantial clinical challenges. Firstly, the SAS is an extremely rare entity. Surgical resection of the symphysis plus targeted antibiotic therapy is a widely adopted treatmen...

Background and Objectives: To evaluate the occurrence of retinal displacement using blue-fundus autofluorescence (BFAF) imaging in eyes treated for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and its associations with clinical factors, including...

Background and Objectives: Mechanical alignment (MA) has long been the gold standard in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), aiming for neutral hip–knee–ankle alignment with proven long-term survivorship. However, up to 20% of patients remain d...

Background and Objectives: Medication adherence is a key determinant of treatment effectiveness in early-stage breast cancer, particularly during long-term systemic therapies. As breast cancer is increasingly diagnosed at younger ages, a growing numb...

Background and Objectives: The study was designed to compare the propofol-sparing effect, intraoperative haemodynamic profiles, and recovery profiles during propofol–remifentanil total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with remimazolam or dexmedet...

Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented mental health crisis among workers in the healthcare field, with average burnout rates increasing from about 32% before the pandemic to 46–52% during peak times and po...

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low breast cancer is a clinically relevant subgroup defined by low but detectable HER2 protein expression, immunohistochemistry (IHC) score of 1+ or 2+ with negative in situ hybridization findings, posi...

Background and Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, worsening outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have been widely reported and are often attributed to prolonged prehospital system delays. However, little attention has been paid...

Background and Objectives: Depression is a significant concern in Korea, where people with disabilities show a 3.7 times higher prevalence than the non-disabled. While disability acceptance is linked to positive outcomes like self-esteem, its direct...

Background and Objectives: Postural instability is a key feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD), contributing to disability and increased risk of falls. Pharmacological treatments are important, but it is necessary to integrate them with rehabilit...

Background and Objectives: The optimal pharmacological strategy to mitigate progressive vertebral collapse during the acute phase of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) remains a subject of debate. This initial 3-month window is the...

Phacoemulsification is performed within a highly dynamic intraocular environment, in which fluid exchange, pressure regulation, and tissue biomechanics interact continuously. Although modern cataract surgery is considered safe and efficient, disrupti...

Background and Objectives: Atherosclerosis continues to be a major determinant of the global health burden, with ischemic heart disease representing one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although cardiovascular (CV) preventi...

Background and Objectives: Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with two-pegged Trabecular Metal (TM) tibial components composed of porous tantalum was introduced to improve fixation and reduce aseptic implant failure, particularly in younger, mo...

Background and Objectives: Recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) remains common and burdensome, with growing emphasis on antibiotic stewardship and non-antibiotic prevention. We characterized what women with rUTI know, do, and receive in everyday...

Background and Objectives: Thoracic trauma usually results in high morbidity and mortality. It is the leading cause of death in patients within the first four decades of life. In this study, we aimed to identify risk factors for intensive care mortal...

Background and objectives: Non-surgical deaths in the Emergency Department (ED) occur in the context of severe acute pathology and frequently under conditions of limited diagnostic time and incomplete clinical information. Data integrating ante-morte...

Background and Objectives: Rapid physiological decline in terminal cancer is frequently accompanied by accelerated skeletal muscle loss. Although bedside ultrasonography (US) is practical and feasible in palliative care settings, the prognostic relev...