39 Results Found

MicroRNAs modulate a variety of cellular events, including skeletal muscle development, but the molecular basis of their functions in fetal bovine skeletal muscle development is poorly understood. In this study, we report that bta-miR-24-3p promotes...

Some chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to lead to the severe wasting syndrome known as cachexia resulting in dramatic losses of both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Previous studies have shown that chemotherapy-induced cachexia is character...

Mutations in activin-like kinase 2 (ALK2), e.g., ALK2-R206H, induce aberrant signaling to SMAD1/5/8, leading to Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). In spite of extensive studies, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we quantified...

Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) is involved in fibrosis as well as the regulation of muscle mass, and contributes to the progressive pathology of muscle wasting disorders. However, little is known regarding the time-dependent signalling of TGF-β...

Activin, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is involved in many physiological processes, such as embryonic development and follicle development, as well as in multiple human diseases including cancer. Genetic mutations in the activin signaling pathwa...

Substantial variations in differentiation properties have been reported among human pluripotent cell lines (hPSC), which could affect their utility and clinical safety. We characterized the variable osteogenic capacity observed between different huma...

Activin receptor type I (ACVR1) is a transmembrane kinase receptor belonging to bone morphogenic protein receptors (BMPs). ACVR1 plays an important role in hematopoiesis and anemia via the BMP6/ACVR1/SMAD pathway, which regulates expression of hepcid...

Hair fiber growth is determined by the spatiotemporally controlled proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of hair matrix cells (HMCs) inside the hair follicle (HF); however, dermal papilla cells (DPCs), the cell population surrounded by HMCs,...

Follicular atresia is primarily caused by breakdown to granulosa cells (GCs) due to oxidative stress (OS). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) elicit a defense response against environmental stresses, such as OS, by acting as gene-expression regulators. However, the...

Caviar yield, caviar color, and body weight are crucial economic traits in sturgeon breeding. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind these traits is essential for their genetic improvement. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing o...

In the study presented here we identified transcriptomic markers for fertility in the cargo of pig ejaculated spermatozoa using porcine-specific micro-arrays (GeneChip® miRNA 4.0 and GeneChip® Porcine Gene 1.0 ST). We report (i) the relative...

Background: Troponin-I interacting kinase encoded by the TNNI3K gene is expressed in nuclei and Z-discs of cardiomyocytes. Mutations in TNNI3K were identified in patients with cardiac conduction diseases, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy. Methods: We...

Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are common cartilage and joint diseases that globally affect more than 200 million and 20 million people, respectively. Several transcription factors have been implicated in the onset and progression of osteoar...

Skeletal muscle mass is decreased under a wide range of pathologic conditions. In particular, chemotherapy is well known for inducing muscle loss and atrophy. Previous studies using tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSCs) or a T-MSC-conditione...

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an immune-mediated neurological disorder driven by dysregulated neuroimmune interactions, yet the molecular architecture linking tumor-associated immune activation, peripheral immunity,...

Objectives: The study aim was to investigate the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived miR-128-3p on renal inflammation using a rat periodontitis model. Methods: Ten-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a control (n = 8)...

Gliomas account for the majority of primary brain tumors. Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant type. Based on their extreme molecular heterogeneity, molecular markers can be used to classify gliomas and stratify patients into diagnostic, pro...

This study aimed to identify causal variants associated with important carcass traits such as weight and meat quality in Hanwoo cattle. We analyzed missense mutations extracted from imputed sequence data (ARS-UCD1.2) and performed an exon-specific as...

Functional knockdown of zebrafish tbx5a causes hypoplasia or aplasia of pectoral fins. This study aimed to assess developmental pectoral fin anomalies in tbx5a morpholino knockdown zebrafish embryos. The expression of cartilage-related genes in the t...

Introduction: Cutaneous melanoma remains a leading cancer with sobering post-metastasis mortality rates. To date, the ligand-receptor interactome of melanomas remains weakly studied despite applicability to anti-cancer drug discovery. Here we leverag...

There is a scarcity of studies that have investigated the role of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on a range of muscle phenotypes in an elderly population. The present study investigated the possible association of 24 SNPs with skelet...

Congenital abnormalities in animals, including abnormalities of the cleft lip and jaw and hypospadias have been reported in all domesticated species. They are a major concern for breeders due to the increased economic loss they entail. In this articl...

Somatic mutation of signal transduction genes or key nodes of the cellular protein network can cause severe diseases in humans but can sometimes genetically improve plants, likely because growth is determinate in animals but indeterminate in plants....

Improving reproductive efficiency in beef cattle remains a key objective for sustainable genetic progress, particularly in extensively managed autochthonous breeds such as the Spanish Retinta. In this study, we applied a weighted single-step genome-w...

Aquaculture supplies the world food market with a significant amount of valuable protein. Highly productive aquaculture fishes can be derived by utilizing genome-editing methods, and the main problem is to choose a target gene to obtain the desirable...

A genomic study was conducted to uncover the selection signatures in sheep that show extremely significant differences in growth traits under the same breed, age in months, nutrition level, and management practices. Hu sheep from Gansu Province and G...

Total number born (TNB), number of stillborn (NSB), and gestation length (GL) are economically important traits in pig production, and disentangling the molecular mechanisms associated with traits can provide valuable insights into their genetic stru...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, and they have been described as being associated with tumor prognosis. Here, miRNA profiling was planned to explore new molecular...

TGF-β family signaling pathways, including TGF-β and BMP pathways, are widely involved in the regulation of health and diseases through downstream SMADs, which are also regulated by multiple validated mechanisms, such as genetic regulation, epigeneti...

In this paper, we investigated the effects of neonatal exposure to methoxychlor (MXC), a synthetic organochlorine used as an insecticide with estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and antiandrogenic activities on ovarian follicles of adult pigs. Piglets were i...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells are known for their high invasive/metastatic potential, which is regulated in part by the transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). The involvement of at least two type I receptors, ALK5 and ALK2,...

Sarcomas are a group of malignant tumors derived from mesenchymal tissues that display complex and variable pathological types. The impact of the immune properties of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on the prognosis, treatment, and management of sar...

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Hereditary BC risk accounts for 25% of all cases. Pathological variants in known BC precursor genes explain only about 30% of hereditary BC cases...

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa), yet evidence remains dispersed across heterogeneous studies and their regulatory context is seldom analyzed in an integrated manner. This study systematically ma...

Gelsemium elegans Benth. (GEB) is a traditional medicinal plant in China, and acts as a growth promoter in pigs and goats. Koumine (KM) is the most abundant alkaloid in GEB and produces analgesic, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory effects. KM ca...

Fertility traits measured early in life define the reproductive potential of heifers. Knowledge of genetics and biology can help devise genomic selection methods to improve heifer fertility. In this study, we used ~2400 Brahman cattle to perform GWAS...

Days open (DO) is a critical economic and reproductive trait that is commonly employed in genetic selection. Making improvements using conventional genetic techniques is exceedingly challenging. Therefore, new techniques are required to improve the a...

Cancer cachexia is a debilitating condition seen frequently in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The underlying mechanisms driving cancer cachexia are not fully understood but are related, at least in part, to the immune response...

Background: Heritability explains 45-82% of muscle mass and strength variation, yet polygenic models for muscle phenotypes in older women are scarce. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to (1) assess if total genotype predisposition sco...