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Nutritional and Toxicological Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Foods

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2025) | Viewed by 14753

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Toxicology Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
Interests: bioactive compounds; cell cultures; bioactivity; oxidative stress; food by-products; non-conventional extraction; supercritical fluids; pulsed electric fields; toxicology

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Guest Editor
Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
Interests: valorization of agro-industrial by-products; bio-based fermented beverages; fermentation assisted by innovative green technologies; development of fermented food with postbiotics and psychobiotics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Research Group in Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Food (ALISOST), Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
Interests: nutrition and food science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive compounds in foods hold immense potential for enhancing health and preventing disease. These compounds, found in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and animal products, can influence metabolic processes and contribute to overall well-being. However, understanding their dual role in nutrition and toxicology is crucial for optimizing their benefits and mitigating any risks.

This Special Issue, "Nutritional and Toxicological Characterization of Bioactive Compounds From Foods", seeks to explore the complexities of bioactive compounds. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the nutritional advantages these compounds offer, as well as their potential toxicological impacts. This dual perspective is essential for developing safer, more effective dietary recommendations and functional foods.

We invite contributions that cover a range of topics, including advanced techniques for extraction, characterization, and quantification of bioactive compounds; in vitro, cell studies, and clinical trials that elucidate their biological activities; and emerging technologies for their incorporation into food. Additionally, studies focusing on the safety, toxicological, and allergenic aspects of bioactive compounds are highly encouraged.

Through this Special Issue, we hope to deepen our understanding of the balance between the beneficial and harmful effects of bioactive compounds, ultimately promoting safer consumption and innovative applications in the food industry.

Dr. Francisco J. Marti-Quijal
Dr. Juan Manuel Castagnini
Dr. Noelia Pallarés
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioactive compounds
  • nutritional benefits
  • toxicological risks
  • functional foods
  • food safety
  • phytochemicals
  • antioxidants
  • dietary supplements
  • food chemistry

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 1861 KB  
Article
An Exploratory Study of the Nutritional Composition and Caco-2 Safety Assessment of Elche Date Flour and Its Green Hydroethanolic Extracts
by Katarzyna Dawidowicz, Sergio Martinez-Terol, Estrella Sayas-Barberá, José Ángel Pérez-Álvarez, Francisco J. Marti-Quijal, Patricia Roig and Juan Manuel Castagnini
Foods 2025, 14(22), 3908; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14223908 - 15 Nov 2025
Viewed by 892
Abstract
The Elche palm grove (Spain) produces large surpluses of fresh date fruits due to low industrial processing and strict market standards. This exploratory study assessed the potential of these fruits as sustainable ingredients through the production of freeze-dried date flour and its green [...] Read more.
The Elche palm grove (Spain) produces large surpluses of fresh date fruits due to low industrial processing and strict market standards. This exploratory study assessed the potential of these fruits as sustainable ingredients through the production of freeze-dried date flour and its green hydroethanolic extracts. Computer vision analysis of nine local cultivars (D1–D9) revealed broad chromatic and phenotypic diversity. Mineral and heavy metal analyses in the flour indicated high nutritional value and overall safety: D8 was richest in Mg (1.23 mg/g), P (0.78 mg/g), Fe (15.32 mg/kg), Zn (9.20 mg/kg), Cu (5.22 mg/kg), and Se (68 µg/kg), while D4 showed the highest K (22.1 mg/g) and D1 the highest Ca (1.94 mg/g). Lead and cadmium were highest in D8 and arsenic in D1, although all values remained within the regulatory limits. Hydroethanolic extracts exhibited remarkable compositional variability: D4 and D5 had the greatest carbohydrates (737.70 ± 55.79 mg/g DM), D8 and D9 the highest proteins (up to 40.31 ± 1.33 mg/g DM), and D2 and D8 the highest carotenoids (up to 36.44 ± 1.55 μg/g DM). D8 also showed the highest phenolics (13.98 ± 2.93 mg GAE/g DM) and antioxidant capacity. Cytotoxicity assays in Caco-2 cells showed no significant effects up to 1000 µg/mL. These preliminary findings suggest that green-extracted date fractions may combine nutritional richness, antioxidant potential, and biological safety, providing a basis for future studies on their application as natural and sustainable food ingredients. Full article
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15 pages, 2910 KB  
Article
Immunomodulatory, Anticancer, and Antioxidative Activities of Bioactive Peptide Fractions from Enzymatically Hydrolyzed White Jellyfish (Lobonema smithii)
by Phitchapa Prommasith, Utoomporn Surayot, Narongchai Autsavapromporn, Weerawan Rod-in, Pornchai Rachtanapun and Sutee Wangtueai
Foods 2024, 13(21), 3350; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13213350 - 22 Oct 2024
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3453
Abstract
This study aimed to develop bioactive protein hydrolysates from low-value edible jellyfish obtained from local fisheries using enzymatic hydrolysis. Fresh white jellyfish were hydrolyzed using several commercial proteases, including alcalase (WJH-Al), flavourzyme (WJH-Fl), and papain (WJH-Pa). The antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities of [...] Read more.
This study aimed to develop bioactive protein hydrolysates from low-value edible jellyfish obtained from local fisheries using enzymatic hydrolysis. Fresh white jellyfish were hydrolyzed using several commercial proteases, including alcalase (WJH-Al), flavourzyme (WJH-Fl), and papain (WJH-Pa). The antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities of these white jellyfish hydrolysates (WJH) were investigated. The results demonstrated that the crude WJH exhibited strong antioxidant properties, including DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, as well as ferric-reducing antioxidant power. Additionally, the hydrolysates showed notable immunomodulatory activity. However, all WJH samples displayed relatively low ability to inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation at the tested concentrations. Among the hydrolysates, WJH-Pa demonstrated the highest antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities and was therefore selected for further bioactive peptide isolation and characterization. Ultrafiltration membranes with three molecular weight (MW) cut-offs (1, 3, 10 kDa) were used for peptide fractionation from WJH-Pa. Six potential peptides were identified with the MW range of 1049–1292 Da, comprising 9–12 residues, which exhibited strong antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. Full article
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18 pages, 975 KB  
Article
Bioactive Lipids in Dunaliella salina: Implications for Functional Foods and Health
by Rita Pais, Tiago Conde, Bruna B. Neves, Marisa Pinho, Marta Coelho, Hugo Pereira, Alexandre M. C. Rodrigues, Pedro Domingues, Ana Maria Gomes, Ralph Urbatzka, Rosário Domingues and Tânia Melo
Foods 2024, 13(20), 3321; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13203321 - 19 Oct 2024
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5775
Abstract
Dunaliella salina is a green microalga extensively explored for β-carotene production, while knowledge of its lipid composition is still limited and poorly investigated. Among lipids, polar lipids have been highlighted as bioactive phytochemicals with health-promoting properties. This research aimed to provide an in-depth [...] Read more.
Dunaliella salina is a green microalga extensively explored for β-carotene production, while knowledge of its lipid composition is still limited and poorly investigated. Among lipids, polar lipids have been highlighted as bioactive phytochemicals with health-promoting properties. This research aimed to provide an in-depth lipidome profiling of D. salina using liquid and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The lipid content was 6.8%, including phospholipids, glycolipids, betaine lipids, sphingolipids, triglycerides, diglycerides, and pigments. Among the total esterified fatty acids, 13.6% were 18:3 omega-3 and 14.7% were 18:1 omega-9. The lipid extract of D. salina showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 activity at 100 µg/mL, dose-dependent antioxidant scavenging activity, and antidiabetic activity by inhibiting α-glucosidase activity at 25 and 125 µg/mL. In conclusion, the lipid extract of D. salina has the potential to be used as a functional food ingredient or in the nutraceutical and cosmeceutical industries. Full article
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Review

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26 pages, 802 KB  
Review
Gluten Proteins: Beneficial Factors and Toxic Triggers in Human Health
by Luigia Di Stasio and Gianfranco Mamone
Foods 2025, 14(19), 3403; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14193403 - 1 Oct 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3691
Abstract
The impact of gluten on human health has been the subject of intense study. Gluten proteins are implicated in a range of adverse health effects, such as allergy, celiac disease, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity in predisposed individuals. However, beyond their potential to trigger [...] Read more.
The impact of gluten on human health has been the subject of intense study. Gluten proteins are implicated in a range of adverse health effects, such as allergy, celiac disease, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity in predisposed individuals. However, beyond their potential to trigger adverse reactions, gluten proteins also harbor sequences that, upon digestion or fermentation, can release bioactive peptides with health-promoting properties. These peptides have been reported to exhibit antioxidant, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory activities, suggesting that gluten-derived products may contribute positively to human health. This review aims to explore the dual nature of gluten proteins, examining their role as both potential health hazards and sources of beneficial molecules. By dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying gluten-related disorders and the functional properties of gluten-derived peptides, we seek to provide a balanced view of gluten’s complex role in nutrition and health. Full article
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