Mathematics, Volume 14, Issue 18

This study applies a Bayesian hierarchical multinomial model to examine the functional distribution of the English word ‘that’ in learner-corpus data. The corpus consisted of 154,694 running words of learner-generated online comments and...

Error minimization alone is insufficient for industrial process control. This article develops a weighted composite-objective evolutionary optimization scheme for regulating the temperature of a nonlinear, jacket-equipped continuous stirred-tank reac...

Secure image communication over public networks requires encryption methods that provide strong security guarantees while maintaining computational efficiency for practical deployment. Existing Elliptic Curve Cryptography Hill Cipher schemes offer ef...

In the fields of signal processing and applied mathematics, the uncertainty principle plays a significant role. Motivated by the theoretical significance of the octonion quadratic-phase Fourier transform (OQPFT), we present a systematic investigation...

This paper presents a new technique for finding explicit solutions to multi-delay linear discrete matrix equations. The method suggested here does not need the coefficient matrices to commute with each other or the coefficient matrices and the nonhom...

The distributional specification in Markov-switching GARCH (MS-GARCH) models has historically been driven by empirical convention. This paper derives the regime-conditional Student-t innovation distribution from the Tsallis Maximum Entropy Principle,...

Predictive models can rank low-risk cases, but past accuracy cannot establish that skipping review is safe in the current batch. We formulate selective release as a risk-constrained finite-population audit design. A model-proposed candidate and its a...

Rigged Hilbert Spaces (RHS), also called Gelfand Triplets, are being used increasingly in Mathematical Physics. One of its versions, the Rigged Fock Space (RFS), has had little place in the literature, even in the literature on Quantum Field Theory....

Statistical monitoring of lifetime processes is commonly based on a single process characteristic, which may fail to detect distributional changes that affect different aspects of process behavior. This study proposes a component-wise adaptive joint...

This paper introduces a randomized linear-search model for a target moving on the real line according to Brownian motion with drift. The searcher alternates between the two directions through expanding random excursions, with a fixed cost incurred at...

This paper establishes new oscillation criteria for a specific class of second-order nonlinear noncanonical neutral differential equations that incorporate an advanced neutral argument. Rather than analyzing the equation in its initial noncanonical s...

Class imbalance in medical classification can substantially affect model performance, particularly when resampling intensity and decision threshold are considered separately. This study systematically investigates their joint effects using the Pima I...

Unconventional monetary policy, which became routine through the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, has sustained debate over the erosion of monetary purchasing power and over asset inflation. Because capital markets record only what...

Rockburst intensity classification supports risk assessment in deep underground engineering, but its performance is often constrained by limited sample size and class imbalance. This study evaluates the response of five fixed classifier configuration...

A family of nonparametric tests is developed for testing exponentiality against decreasing mean residual life (DMRL) alternatives using generalized cumulative residual Tsallis entropy (GCRTE). For entropy-order pairs in a theoretically certified regi...

This paper introduces a novel fixed-point framework for orbital contractions within the setting of JS-metric spaces endowed with directed graphs. By relaxing conventional metric conditions and incorporating graph-theoretical structures, we define a n...

In this paper, we propose and explore the notion of potent CR-submanifolds (PCRSs) within the framework of almost Hermitian potent manifolds (AHPMs). We examine several fundamental geometric properties of such submanifolds and establish a variety of...

For unsupervised anomaly detection in aircraft engines, traditional methods predominantly focus on mining temporal features, often neglecting complex interdependencies among multiple variables. Although existing graph neural networks can model spatia...

This paper introduces an enhanced Smith-predictor-based control system (SPCS) for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) time delay processes. A conventional SPCS for an MIMO process is composed of a Smith predictor matrix providing predicted outputs and an...

The usual power series $\sum {\alpha }_n{x}^n$ are generalized by the substitution $x\to g\left(x\right)$ to power series built from a function $\sum a_n{g}^n\left(x\right)$. The key feature of our approach consists in using functions g with free parameters $g\left(x\right)=g(\left\{p_i\right\},x)$; the resultin...

Classical level constructions extract an ordinary topology from a fuzzy topology at one threshold, but a single level does not measure how the cardinal complexity of dense sets changes as the threshold varies. Motivated by this loss of inter-level in...

This study investigates the inverse coefficient problem for a time–space fractional parabolic equation (TSFPE) subject to coupled fractional Robin boundary conditions. By employing a fractional power series expansion, the work provides a constr...

Neural surrogates of evolution equations replace many solver steps by one network evaluation, but the physical invariants they appear to respect are properties of the trained weights, and weights are what reduced-precision and integer inference pertu...

Few-shot learning (FSL) and zero-shot learning (ZSL) are usually studied as separate problems, yet both require prediction when class-specific evidence is absent or scarce. This review analyzes their shared difficulty from an optimization perspective...

This study compares three general-purpose metaheuristics (a genetic algorithm, an elitist evolution strategy, and simulated annealing) for deterministic shortest-path and maximum-flow network interdiction problems. All methods use the same row-wise b...

To address the coupling between the vertical and pitch motions of a vehicle body and the difficulty of suppressing instantaneous large impact under combined road- and operation-induced excitations, a five-degree-of-freedom (5-DOF) half-vehicle dynami...

We classify arbitrary, not necessarily additive, maps $\mathsf{\Phi }:R\to R$ satisfying the right bi-skew commuting identity $\mathsf{\Phi }\left(a\right)b^{\ast }+\eta b\mathsf{\Phi }{\left(a\right)}^{\ast }=a\mathsf{\Phi }{\left(b\right)}^{\ast }+\eta \mathsf{\Phi }\left(b\right)a^{\ast }$. For unital algebras with a second-kind scalar invo...

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are smart materials widely used in applications requiring controllable braking torque and force generation. The optimization of such devices often relies on the finite element method (FEM) combined with a numerical opti...

In this paper, we present a highly accurate numerical scheme for solving first-kind Cauchy-type singular integral equations (CSIEs). The method is based on approximating the unknown function using Chebyshev series and applying modified Gauss–Ch...

The efficient estimation of a finite-population mean can be materially improved when reliable auxiliary information is available and appropriately incorporated into the estimator. This study develops two flexible families of estimators under simple r...

Foodborne diseases remain a major public health concern because of their high incidence and the substantial number of deaths they cause worldwide. Consequently, there is a need to develop multiscale mathematical models that improve our understanding...

Accurate cryptocurrency price forecasting represents an important yet challenging problem in financial time-series analysis due to the highly volatile, nonlinear, and noise-sensitive nature of digital asset markets. Although transformer-based archite...

Nonlinear filtering can be formulated as the propagation and update of conditional probability densities, but direct numerical propagation of the associated Forward Kolmogorov equation (FKE) over a large fixed domain is computationally expensive. Thi...

To address the challenges of formation maintenance, collision avoidance, and cooperative navigation for multi-agent systems in shared environments, a spatio-temporal trajectory optimization method under global structural constraints and A attention-e...

The Boussinesq equations are widely used to model incompressible thermally driven flows, but their numerical simulation becomes more challenging in domains containing fixed or moving rigid obstacles, particularly when the prescribed obstacle motion i...

This work aims to study the dynamic behavior of a discrete-time chemostat model involving the effect of nutrient recycling, which is a common biological phenomenon usually left out in conventional models. Based on a continuous time model involving th...

Cooperative automated decision-making systems can combine predictive assessments with contextual knowledge to prioritize alternatives under resource constraints. The mechanism used to integrate these sources can influence whether contextual requireme...

Bursting oscillations, characterized by alternating quiescent and spiking states, are a fundamental class of nonlinear dynamics that play a crucial role in diverse scientific fields. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that generate bursting is o...

Dimensionality reduction is essential in industrial analytics, as high-dimensional process data often contain redundant and correlated variables that increase computational burden and model complexity. This study proposes a weighted composite evaluat...

Production-profile interpretation based on distributed temperature sensing (DTS) is an important method for the dynamic evaluation of hydraulically fractured horizontal gas wells. Because downhole temperature is jointly controlled by reservoir flow,...

This paper studies the valuation of continuously monitored geometric Asian options under a two-factor stochastic volatility model with stochastic long-term variance levels. We derive the joint characteristic function required for continuous geometric...

Complex networks are widely used to represent interactions in communication systems, biological systems, and large-scale infrastructure. Learning informative network-level representations is important for network analysis, structural similarity retri...

The present paper is devoted to the study of integral properties of alpha unpredictable functions. The problem of invariance of recurrence under integration is one of the most challenging and interesting in the theory of functions. The problem was so...

Simulation and simulation-based optimisation support humanitarian logistics and disaster-management decisions under uncertainty, but the evidential basis of their recommendations depends on how clearly publications connect model specification, comput...

Accurate traffic flow prediction remains challenging due to the complex spatio-temporal dependencies inherent in road networks. Existing graph-based prediction models typically construct the graph structure from geographical adjacency. This limits sp...

The wave train generated by a moving vessel remains a persistent challenge in ship hydrodynamics, particularly in stratified oceans where internal waves contribute significantly to drag. This research investigates steady interfacial wave generation b...

Prescribed performance control (PPC) guarantees that tracking errors evolve within user-defined envelopes, yet the design of the performance certificate $\rho \left(t\right)$ itself has been restricted to hand-tuned parametric forms since the theory’s incep...

A cooperative interval game assigns a range of possible worths, rather than a single number, to each coalition. For the Shapley-like rule based on Moore subtraction, existing axioms determine the midpoint of each player’s allocated interval but...

In this note, starting from the known relation between $(B,C)$-inverses and inverses along suitable matrices, we study explicit representations of $(B,C)$-inverses of complex matrices as inverses along suitable matrices. More precisely, for a given $(B,C)$...

This paper presents a unified Euler–Lagrange methodology for deriving the dynamic models of wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) across heterogeneous kinematic architectures. The work extends the authors’ previously developed kinematic methodolog...