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Brain Sciences, Volume 15, Issue 6

June 2025 - 127 articles

Cover Story: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and autoimmune diseases (AIDs) share immunological underpinnings, leading to frequent co-occurrence. This study investigated the prevalence of AIDs among Polish patients with MS (PwMSs) and its potential effects on disease characteristics. The aims were to compare clinical and demographic characteristics between PwMSs with and without coexisting AIDs.  Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 580 PwMSs who were treated at the Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center in Katowice, Poland, between February 2018 and August 2023. Variables analyzed included age, sex, MS type, disease duration, treatment, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and vitamin D3 serum concentrations. View this paper
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Articles (127)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,009 Views
12 Pages

Background: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the HTT gene, with a rare juvenile-onset form (JoHD) marked by early, rigid motor symptoms. This study examined cortical and subcortical r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,458 Views
21 Pages

Give or Take: Semantic Priming from Sentences to Two-Digit Operations

  • Miguel Ayala-Cuesta,
  • Sofía Castro and
  • Pedro Macizo

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the potential existence of shared semantics between linguistic (e.g., reading a sentence) and numerical information (e.g., performing an arithmetic operation). Methods: To evaluate this proposal,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,229 Views
10 Pages

Geographic Distribution and Future Projections of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Greece: Analysis from 1991 to 2050

  • Themis P. Exarchos,
  • Konstantina Skolariki,
  • Vasiliki Mahairaki,
  • Constantine G. Lyketsos,
  • Panagiotis Vlamos,
  • Nikolaos Scarmeas,
  • Efthimios Dardiotis and
  • on behalf of the Hellenic Initiative Against Alzheimer’s Disease (HIAAD)

Background: Greece is among the fastest-aging countries globally, with one of the highest proportions of elderly individuals. As a result, the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia is among the highest in Europe. The distribution...

  • Retraction
  • Open Access
1 Citations
527 Views
2 Pages

The Journal retracts the article “Differential Regulation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/PTEN Pathway between Low- and High-Grade Gliomas” [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,751 Views
11 Pages

Kyphoplasty as a Treatment Option for Traumatic Burst Fractures: A Case Series Evaluating Patient Outcomes and Functional Benefits

  • Anoop S. Chinthala,
  • Barnabas Obeng-Gyasi,
  • Trenton A. Line,
  • Matthew K. Tobin,
  • Gordon Mao and
  • Bradley N. Bohnstedt

Background/Objectives: Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are minimally invasive approaches for spinal fractures aiming to reduce pain, increase mobilization, and prevent further vertebral height loss. Their efficacy in treating burst fractures has been...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,066 Views
19 Pages

Background: Pain neuroscience education (PNE), when combined with physical therapy interventions, has been recognized as an effective strategy for improving pain management and reducing disability in individuals with chronic pain. Objective: This sys...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
8,797 Views
62 Pages

Introduction: Chewing gum is a widespread, seemingly mundane behaviour that has been linked to diverse benefits such as improved cognitive performance, reduced stress, and enhanced alertness. While animal and human research indicate that mastication...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,868 Views
14 Pages

Trajectories of Emotional Exhaustion and Their Contribution to Depression: Optimism as a Buffer in Young People

  • Martha Cruz-Soto,
  • Emmanuel Said Baeza-Torres,
  • Luis Castañeda Pelaez,
  • Jesús Rojas Jaimes and
  • Jorge Palacios-Delgado

Background: In Mexico, depression is one of the main mental health problems, with university students being particularly susceptible. Recent studies have explored the relationship between emotional factors and depression in young people. Our study in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
801 Views
11 Pages

Comparison of Glutathione, Retinol and α- and γ-Tocopherols Concentrations Between Children with and Without Epilepsy: A Single-Center Case–Control Study

  • Izabela Szołtysek-Bołdys,
  • Wioleta Zielińska-Danch,
  • Łucja Gajowska,
  • Ilona Kopyta and
  • Beata Sarecka-Hujar

Background: Oxidative stress is associated with the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Long-term treatment with anti-seizure medications (ASMs) may reduce antioxidant levels, which consequently impairs the brain’s ability to counteract oxidative damage....

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,864 Views
38 Pages

An Updated and Comprehensive Review Exploring the Gut–Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Neurotraumas: Implications for Therapeutic Strategies

  • Ahmed Hasan,
  • Sarah Adriana Scuderi,
  • Anna Paola Capra,
  • Domenico Giosa,
  • Andrea Bonomo,
  • Alessio Ardizzone and
  • Emanuela Esposito

The gut–brain axis (GBA) refers to the biochemical bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract, linking brain and gut functions. It comprises a complex network of interactions involving th...

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Brain Sci. - ISSN 2076-3425