2025 May - 113 articles
Background: Caffeine has become the psychostimulant with the highest use worldwide by different segments of the population. This is mainly due to the wide variety of benefits it offers in different contexts of use. It is available in various forms, w...
Background: Postural imbalance with falls affects 80% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) at 10 years. Standard PD therapies (e.g., levodopa and/or deep brain stimulation—DBS) are poor at improving postural imbalance. Additionally,...
(1) Background: The high recurrence rate and individual differences in stress susceptibility contribute to the diverse symptoms of depression, making full recovery and relapse prevention challenging. Emerging evidence suggests that fluctuations in mi...
Digital biomarkers for fatigue monitoring in neurological disorders represent an innovative approach to bridge the gap between mechanistic understanding and clinical application. This perspective paper examines how smartphone-derived measures, analyz...
Objective: We aimed to analyze the real-world use of COMT inhibitors associated with levodopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) who present early fluctuations and to explore whether early COMT inhibition optimizes treatment outcomes. Me...
Background/Objectives: Visuomotor integration relies on synchronized proprioceptive and visual feedback during visually guided locomotion. How the human brain processes unimodal or asynchronous multimodal inputs during locomotion is unclear. Methods:...
Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a debilitating mental health condition characterized by emotional dysregulation and interpersonal dysfunction, with perceived social rejection exacerbating these issues. Emerging evidence suggests...
In the original publication [...]
Background: Gait disturbance in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) significantly impacts quality of life and is not completely mitigated by dopaminergic treatment. Auditory cueing has been shown to help improve certain aspects of gait, but its effects wh...
Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is, by definition, of unknown cause. Davson’s equation indicates that the increased intracranial pressure (ICP) found in IIH could be due to an increase in the CSF formation rate (CSFfr), t...
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based intervention for managing distress associated with tinnitus, hyperacusis, and misophonia. This paper summarises key points from the 2025 Tonndorf Lecture presented at the third World Tinnitus C...
Background/Objectives: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder affecting nearly 200 million people worldwide. While it has broad health effects, relatively little is known about how these vary across MDD ‘subtypes’,...
(1) Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused from rapid head acceleration/deceleration, focal blows, blasts, penetrating forces, and/or shearing forces, whereas hypoxic–anoxic injury (HAI) is caused through oxygen deprivation events,...
This review paper synthesizes the application of knowledge graphs (KGs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research, based on two basic questions, as follows: what types of input data are available to construct these knowledge graphs, and what purpose...
Background: Acute stress induction is essential in psychology research for understanding physiological and psychological responses. In this study, ‘acute stress’ refers to a short-term, immediate stress response—distinct from chroni...
Objectives: This study aimed to develop a semi-automated registration method for aligning preoperative non-contrast T2-weighted MRI with postoperative high-resolution cone-beam CT (DynaCT) in patients undergoing directional deep brain stimulation (dD...
Background/Objectives: Synesthesia is an unusual neurological condition when stimulation of one sensory modality automatically triggers an additional sensory sensation in an additional unstimulated modality. In this study, we investigated a case of s...
Background and Objectives: Lie detection is crucial in domains such as security, law enforcement, and clinical assessments. Traditional methods suffer from reliability issues and susceptibility to countermeasures. In recent years, electroencephalogra...
Antibodies against the NR1 or NR2 subunits of the NMDA receptor are linked to anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis, a type of encephalitis that mainly affects women. Clinicians who treat patients of all ages should be aware of this...
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to measure the temporal correlation of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals in the brain to assess the b...
Background/Objectives: Early attachment experiences and psychopathology both shape individuals’ emotion processing. However, the specific influence of adult attachment representations on self- (intrapersonal) and other-focused (interpersonal) e...
Background/Objectives: Autobiographical memory (AM) is typically viewed in terms of comprising episodic (EAM) and semantic (SAM) components. Despite the emergence of numerous meta-analyses, the literature on these constructs remains fragmented. We ai...
Background and objectives: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a surgical procedure, useful for relieving the intracranial pressure following trauma. Following reduction in cerebral oedema, the bone is placed back to cover the defect. During the interi...
Background/Objectives: Psychotropic medications are often prescribed to treat challenging behavior in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. This study examined patterns of psychotropic medication use following outpatient behavioral assessment a...
Objectives: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can enhance primary motor cortex (M1) excitability and improve motor skill when delivered unilaterally to the dominant hemisphere. However, the impact of tACS on contralateral M1 excitab...
Background: Functional cognitive impairments caused by acquired brain injury (ABI) negatively impact an individual’s daily functioning. Impaired self-awareness can pose obstacles to task execution and participation. Traditional assessment metho...
Background/Objectives: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder with pathological mechanisms closely associated with the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Although significant progress has been made in ep...
Post-COVID-19 condition involves persistent symptoms after acute infection, often linked to dysautonomia, which affects heart rate variability, pain perception, fatigue, and sleep. Superficial neuromodulation has been proposed as a treatment. Objecti...
Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by cognitive decline, gait disturbances, and urinary incontinence. Surgical interventions such as ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and en...
A unified theory of emotion and motivation is updated in which motivational states are states in which instrumental goal-directed actions are performed to obtain anticipated rewards or avoid punishers, and emotional states are states that are elicite...
Background: Griffiths III is a child-friendly and play-oriented direct gold-standard measure of a 0–6-year-old child’s developmental profile. It is a measure that helps practitioners in detecting the weaknesses in children who have an inc...
Process models constitute essential tools in business process management and software engineering for representing and managing real-world business processes. Hence, the proper comprehension of these models is crucial for enabling an effective and ef...
Background/Objectives: The aim of this investigation consisted of evaluating if the prevalence of anosognosia in right-brain-damaged patients is greater for tasks in which the right hemisphere plays a dominant role and if this prevalence is at least...
Background/Objectives: Recent lifestyle and dietary changes, driven by health awareness and ecological concerns, have led to the rise in numerous type of diets, which can promote well-being but may also contribute to Orthorexia Nervosa (ON), which ha...
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. In addition to cognitive decline, non-cognitive symptoms, including dysautonomia, have been reported, although these symptoms are rarely acknowledged by patients. Dysaut...
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates how the flipped classroom model—considered as a neurocognitive training environment—affects cognitive–motor integration and brain-mediated motor skill performance in univ...
Background/Objectives: Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being explored as a non-pharmacological therapy to enhance the well-being of people with cognitive impairment (PwCI). Studies suggest that VR-based interventions improve mood, reduce apathy,...
Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired glucose metabolism are more prevalent among patients with schizophrenia than in the general population. The incidence of T2DM is associated with lifestyle factors that are often infl...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS/MND) is considered a uniquely human complex neurodegenerative disorder, presenting with a variety of clinical phenotypes, which include frontotemporal dementia [...]
Background/Objectives: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is common in interaction sports and has severe physical and psychological consequences. Recent research suggests that neurocognitive factors, such as proactive inhibitory control, may inf...
Objectives: Hikikomori is a condition characterized by extreme social withdrawal, functional impairment, and mental distress, which has gained increasing recognition worldwide. While it can be associated with comorbid psychiatric disorders, hikikomor...
Although the relationship between attachment and mental health has been widely studied, no systematic review has focused specifically on refugee populations. Objectives: This systematic review examines associations between attachment patterns and psy...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor and non-motor dysfunctions that severely compromise patients’ quality of life. While pharmacological treatments provide symptomatic relief in the early s...
Background/Objectives: Pediatric chronic migraine (CM) is a debilitating condition with challenging management due to diagnostic complexities and a lack of evidence-based treatment. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-targeted therapies have trans...
Background/Objectives: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex psychiatric condition often associated with alterations in cognitive processes, including memory. Although memory dysfunction has been proposed as a contributing factor to...
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical correlates of treatment response to mood stabilizers in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), with a specific focus on trait-related characteristics such as impulsivity and affective temp...
Background: Guidelines suggest that, in chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) management, non-opioid modalities should be prioritized, as there are negative consequences related to opioid use. There is a dearth of literature elucidating the risk factors for...
Affective Disorders (ADs) include a broad spectrum of clinical conditions, ranging from dysthymia and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) to various forms of bipolar disorders (BD) and affective psychoses [...]
Background/Objectives: The natural course of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remains unclear. Many of them remain stable over time and few experience patterns of growth. The spontaneous regression of IAs without any microsurgical or endovascular treatme...
Disorders of consciousness (DOCs) are a dynamic and challenging field, presenting significant difficulties for clinicians and neurorehabilitation specialists due to the lack of reliable assessment methods and effective intervention strategies [...]
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