2025 August - 122 articles
Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, has undergone reclassification from a histologically defined disease to a genetically stratified spectrum of distinct subgroups: WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4. Advances in molecu...
Background/Objectives: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) commonly co-occurs with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and specific learning disorder (SLD), affecting academics, mental health, and li...
Optic pathway glioma (OPG) is a rare pediatric low-grade glioma, frequently associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF–1), that presents unique therapeutic challenges due to its anatomical location and its potential to impair vision, endocrin...
Recent advances in psychedelic research have renewed interest in their therapeutic potential for psychiatric disorders characterized by cognitive and behavioral rigidity. This review examines the rationale for using serotonergic psychedelics—pa...
Background: In recent years, complexity analysis has attracted considerable attention in the field of neural mechanism exploration due to its nonlinear characteristics, providing a new perspective for revealing the complex information processing mech...
Background: Posterior cranial fossa (PCF) infarctions are associated with elevated mortality rates; however, evidence regarding the prognostic value of comorbidity indices in this context remains scarce. This study investigates the association betwee...
While technology has influenced today’s society in many aspects, how does it advance research and practice in the field of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? In this article, we provide a narrative review of how technology enhances early detection...
Background/Objectives: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) frequently overlaps with trauma-related conditions, particularly PTSD and Complex PTSD (cPTSD). Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)—especially emotional and sexual abuse—are co...
Background: Hearing loss is known to cause structural and functional abnormalities in the central auditory pathways. Interventions with hearing aids that amplify acoustic signals have been developed to combat hearing loss. However, little is known ab...
Neurological disorders (NDs) has become the foremost public health threat across the globe in recent years, resulting in upsetting and devastating outcomes [...]
Background/Objectives: Endozepines known as the endogenous ligands of benzodiazepine-binding sites, include the diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) and its processing products, the triakontatetraneuropeptide (TTN) and the octadecaneuropeptide (ODN). Des...
Background/Objectives: Electroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion recognition plays an important role in affective computing and brain–computer interface applications. However, existing methods often face the challenge of achieving high classif...
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid proliferation, invasiveness, therapeutic resistance, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. A subpopulation of glial stem-like cells (GSCs) within GBM tum...
Background: Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) based on motor imagery (MI) offer promising solutions for motor rehabilitation and communication. However, electroencephalography (EEG) signals are often characterized by low signal-to-noise ratios,...
Background: Studies have shown that humans can rapidly learn the shape of new objects or adjust their behavior when encountering novel situations. Research on visual cognition in the brain further indicates that the ventral visual pathway plays a cri...
Background/Objectives: Disruption of AMPAR trafficking at excitatory synapses contributes to impaired synaptic plasticity and memory formation in several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Arc, an immediate early gene product, has been shown to...
Background/Objectives: Lucid dreaming (LD), during which the dreamer becomes aware of the dream state, offers a unique opportunity for a variety of applications, including motor practice, personal well-being, and nightmare therapy. However, these app...
Background: Robust evidence supports the role of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolism in sustaining inflammation; however, the mechanisms underlying the persistent upregulation of the BH4 pathway remain incompletely understood. This study investigate...
Background: Reading difficulties are closely linked to phonological awareness (PA), though PA tasks vary in complexity and cognitive demands. Recent research suggests that dyslexia reflects multiple cognitive risk factors, aligned with multi-level mo...
Background: Efficient decoding of motor imagery (MI) electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is essential for the precise control and practical deployment of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. Owing to the complex nonlinear characteristics of EEG sig...
Objectives: Depression is a significant and growing global concern with substantial societal impact. College students, being particularly vulnerable to depression, necessitate exploration of physical activity (PA) as a potential mitigating factor. Th...
Background: Neurodivergent students, including those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), frequently encounter challenges in several areas of foreign language (FL) learning, including vocabulary acq...
Background: Older adults often struggle to comprehend speech in noisy environments, a challenge influenced by declines in both auditory processing and cognitive functions. This study aimed to investigate how differences in speech-in-noise perception...
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an exercise program based on principles of motor learning with cognitive elements (such as attention) in the correction of Forward Head Posture (FHP). Methods: A total o...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of B7-H3 expression in differentiating low-grade gliomas (LGGs) from high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and to examine its association with clinical outcomes. Methods: T...
This article reviews and synthesizes highlights of the history of neural models of rate-based and spiking neural networks. It explains that theoretical and experimental results about how all rate-based neural network models, whose cells obey the memb...
Background/Objectives: Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to show patterns of elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk earlier in life than the general population. The need for effective interventions for CVD risk-reduction...
Background/Objectives: Tinnitus has been increasingly recognized not only as an auditory disturbance but also as a condition that is potentially linked to cognitive decline, particularly in older adults. However, the relationship between tinnitus cha...
Background/Objectives: As older adults spend increasing amounts of time indoors, concerns are rising about the neurological effects of indoor air pollution. This study examined associations between indoor air pollutants and structural brain changes i...
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, psychiatric disturbances, and cognitive decline. The pathophysiology of HD centers on a polyglutamine expansion in the...
Background/Objectives: The study aimed to investigate how cognitive variables (performance IQ, verbal short-term memory, working memory, and ADHD symptomatology) impact lexical representations in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorde...
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Previous data on the time course of corticospinal tract (CST) degeneration after stroke are scarce, especially in the early phase. Using post-mortem histomorphological and immunohistochemical methods, CST degeneration (its temporal dynamics and its a...
Background/Objectives: Olfactory impairment has been proposed as an early marker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet the mechanisms linking sensory decline to genetic and environmental risk factors remain unclear. We aimed to identify early bioma...
Introduction: Anxiety is a common problem during pregnancy and postpartum that can have important consequences for mothers and their babies. Having preventive psychological interventions to apply during the perinatal stage could help to reduce its ad...
Background/Objectives: Cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS) is a well-recognized postoperative complication in children following resection of brain tumors involving cerebellar midline structures. The fastigial nucleus is regarded as releva...
Classroom attention is a fundamental cognitive function that is crucial to effective learning and significantly influences academic performance. Recent advances in investigating neural correlates of attention in classroom environments provide insight...
Introduction: Downbeat nystagmus (DBN) is an ocular motor disorder characterized by persistent to-and-fro eye movements with a slow phase directed upwards and a corrective fast phase downwards. DBN in the context of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotei...
Background/Objectives: Persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are at elevated risk of falling due to deficits in postural control, lower limb strength, and sensory integration. While community-based boxing programs (CBPs) have shown promise in i...
Dopamine has been increasingly implicated in shaping economic and financial decision-making, yet much of the evidence remains fragmented across paradigms and mechanistic levels, and heavily based on preclinical or clinical populations. This review sy...
The field of neurorehabilitation stands at a pivotal juncture, driven by a confluence of advancements in neuroscience, engineering, and data science [...]
Background: Museums are increasingly being recognized not only as cultural institutions but also as potential resources for enhancing psychological well-being. Prior research has shown that museum visits can reduce stress and anxiety, yet there is a...
The automatic classification of sleep stages and Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) subtypes from electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings remains a significant challenge in computational sleep research because of the short duration of CAP events and the...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) deals with several symptoms, including language and speech impairment and developmental delays. The main brain regions affected could be the prefrontal cortex (PFC) or the temporal lobe. The detrimental features could i...
Background/Objectives: The use of virtual reality (VR) solutions in design has rapidly increased globally. However, it remains unclear to what extent these technologies enhance people’s cognitive abilities. Understanding the impact of such tech...
Introduction: It has been recently demonstrated that some cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are connected to cerebral veins in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) including cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). We sought to demonstrate the pres...
Background and aim of this review: The ongoing opioid epidemic underscores the urgent need for innovative pharmacological and behavioral interventions to mitigate the impact of opioid use disorder (OUD). This review aims to explore theoretical overla...
Background: Aluminum accumulation in the brain causes cognitive deficits. No comprehensive synthesis of pharmacological treatments against aluminum neurotoxicity has been conducted, which led us to systematically review the effects of various pharmac...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the fragility of educational systems in ensuring inclusive schooling, especially for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Disruptions to daily routines, the shift to remote learning, and the suspensi...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant public health concern, particularly among military personnel and contact sport athletes who are frequently exposed to repeated blast overpressure waves and mild concussive impacts, respectively. Whil...
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