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Land, Volume 15, Issue 10

2026 October - 250 articles

Cover Story: Natural capital markets are evolving to respond to climate and biodiversity crises. In Scotland, carbon credits have been used for a quarter century to incentivize woodland and peatland restoration. Yet, a comprehensive analysis has not been carried out to assess the potential impacts and benefits of these carbon credit projects. This paper presents an environmental geography of carbon credits in Scotland that examines their spatiotemporal distributions, landholding dynamics, land cover changes, climate dynamics, and ecosystem service areas. We found that woodland and peatland carbon credit projects occupy different land systems and thus have different responses to changes in climate, land use, and landownership. Our findings are relevant for climate change mitigation and ecosystem restoration planning in Scotland and land systems beyond. View this paper
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Articles (250)

  • Article
  • Open Access
159 Views
31 Pages

14 October 2026

Soil salinity estimation across arid agricultural regions is challenging due to pronounced environmental heterogeneity and complex dependencies among multi-source variables. This study proposes a Long-Range Dependency-Enhanced Network (LRD-Net) for r...

(This article belongs to the Section Land, Soil and Water)
  • Article
  • Open Access
179 Views
22 Pages

14 October 2026

Rural labor out-migration and low comparative returns to grain challenge food security in China. This study examines the association between agricultural machinery services (AMS) and the allocation of sown land between grain and economic crops, and w...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Activity-Driven Land Use Change: Insights and Perspectives from Novel Data and Methodologies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
152 Views
26 Pages

14 October 2026

Smart city policies may affect urban carbon emissions and developed land at the same time, but the two may not change in the same direction. This study examines city-level carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per unit of built-up land area, whose natural l...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
158 Views
22 Pages

14 October 2026

This study examines the coupling coordination degree of rural “Production–Living–Ecological” (PLE) functions in Guangdong Province, China, at the county. A county indicator system was constructed from multi-source data. The PL...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rural Revitalization Strategies and Their Impact on Urban Migration Trends)
  • Article
  • Open Access
181 Views
40 Pages

14 October 2026

Historic districts result from the long-term interaction of spatial persistence and functional change. Previous studies have examined historical development and historic layering, but less attention has focused on connections between historical forma...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reframing Urban Morphology: Heritage, Sustainability, and Contemporary Urban Transformation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
166 Views
28 Pages

14 October 2026

Accurate, spatially resolved agricultural land-use data are essential for estimating water demand, evaluating agricultural production, and understanding long-term changes in managed landscapes. However, existing land-use datasets are often temporally...

  • Article
  • Open Access
143 Views
28 Pages

14 October 2026

Against the dual goals of agricultural and rural carbon emission reduction, carbon sequestration and food security guarantee, this paper uses municipal panel data of 21 prefectures in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2024 to calculate agricultural carbo...

  • Review
  • Open Access
517 Views
24 Pages

14 October 2026

Canals, as linear cultural landscapes, have profoundly influenced social structures, ecological patterns, economic activities, and human well-being. Canal-related ecosystem services (ES), particularly cultural ecosystem services (CES), have received...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Planning and Landscape Architecture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
245 Views
23 Pages

14 October 2026

The study explores whether female landownership (sole or joint) alters the self-reported household food security in Ethiopia following decades of implementing land reform. The distinction among various types of landownership has received limited atte...

(This article belongs to the Topic Food Security and Healthy Nutrition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
237 Views
18 Pages

14 October 2026

Groundcover plants are underutilized landscape features that often require less maintenance than traditional lawns. While the popularity of groundcovers has increased, the upfront installation costs and limited documentation of consumer preferences t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conservation Planning for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Multi-Use Landscapes (Third Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
236 Views
16 Pages

14 October 2026

Rough fescue grasslands are increasingly threatened by invasion of Bromus inermis Leyss. an introduced, cool season perennial that has transformed grasslands of the Aspen Parkland. However, its ecological impacts and mechanisms of dominance remain in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
251 Views
21 Pages

14 October 2026

The gradual abandonment of historic railway infrastructure has generated extensive tracts of ‘residual’ land in European urban and peri-urban areas, associated with physical decay, spatial fragmentation and social marginalisation, while c...

(This article belongs to the Section Urban Contexts and Urban-Rural Interactions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
477 Views
24 Pages

Potential of Carbon Sequestration by Urban Green Space to Support Carbon Neutrality in Khung Bang Kachao, Thailand

  • Thanphitcha Muaksang,
  • Sapit Diloksumphun,
  • Bernard Dell,
  • Wirongrong Duangjai and ,
  • Jamroon Srichaichana,
  • Pongchai Dumrongrojwatthana and
  • Montathip Sommeechai
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

13 October 2026

Khung Bang Kachao, a riverine peninsula formed by a bend of the Chao Phraya River, functions as a vital “Green Lung” facing urban−industrial expansion within the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. This study assesses the carbon sequestrat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land-Based Greenhouse Gas Mitigation for Carbon Neutrality (2nd Edition))
  • Review
  • Open Access
398 Views
23 Pages

13 October 2026

Mine waste cover systems are commonly used to manage acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD); however, their long-term performance is often variable and may not always meet design objectives. Field trials are relied upon to demonstrate cover design per...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mine Site Design, Rehabilitation and Closure for Resilient Landforms)
  • Article
  • Open Access
152 Views
25 Pages

13 October 2026

Hanoi’s historic urban areas face the challenge of accommodating urban change while conserving heritage and maintaining compatible land uses. This study examines whether perceived incorporation of conservation into routine decisions helps expla...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Heritage Landscapes: Integrating Conservation into Sustainable Land Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
152 Views
35 Pages

13 October 2026

Reducing agricultural carbon emissions (ACE) requires understanding how urban–rural transformation and land reallocation jointly reshape agricultural production. Using county-level data from Hubei Province, China, for 2019–2021, this stud...

(This article belongs to the Topic Reframing Strategies for a Low Carbon Future in Agricultural Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
158 Views
25 Pages

13 October 2026

Rapid coastal urbanization increases exposure to multiple hazards while intensifying competition for land essential for safe emergency refuge. This paper proposes a reproducible decision-support framework for planning Disaster Prevention and Relief A...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Urban Resilience for Sustainable Futures)
  • Article
  • Open Access
262 Views
20 Pages

Soil Water Infiltration Under Bare Soil and Maize Straw: A Field Comparison of a Double-Ring Infiltrometer and a Rainfall Simulator

  • Wilk Sampaio de Almeida,
  • Luiz Fernando Coutinho de Oliveira and
  • Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho

13 October 2026

Soil water infiltration (SWI) is central to hydrology and erosion assessment, but the measurement method and surface condition may affect the rates obtained. We compared a double-ring infiltrometer (DRI) with a rainfall simulator (InfiAsper) on a Dys...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Water and Soil Conservation and Management for Agriculture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
289 Views
26 Pages

Landscape Perceptions, Similarities, Differences and Overlaps of Agricultural Landscapes and Their Effects on Evaluation and Management

  • Csaba Centeri,
  • Alexandra Kruse,
  • Sophia Philipp,
  • Eleni A. Athanasiadou and ,
  • Martina Slámová,
  • Jana Špulerová and
  • Ákos Malatinszky
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

13 October 2026

Our world is changing fast, and rural exodus remains an issue. People are losing connection with nature, and, as a result, farming knowledge in the sense of the entity between soil–ecology–economy and production is fading. But also, the c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evaluating and Managing Historic Landscapes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
230 Views
27 Pages

13 October 2026

Understanding the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service values (ESVs) and their underlying drivers is essential for advancing ecological conservation and sustainable management in protected areas. The study area comprises ten national p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
623 Views
33 Pages

12 October 2026

Loss, marginalization, and fragmentation of urban green space (UGS) under urbanization are well documented. Still, the pathway of loss, the nature of the pattern change, and the leverage of policy scenarios are seldom tested. Using 30 m land-use data...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reconsidering Urban Green Spaces: Biodiversity Functionality, Accessibility, and Wellbeing in Cities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
158 Views
27 Pages

12 October 2026

The sustained rebound in cultivated-land ecological security (CLES) indices across Northeast China’s Black-Soil Region is often interpreted as ecological improvement. However, aggregate recovery may mask unresolved or strengthening pressures an...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
275 Views
25 Pages

12 October 2026

China’s county towns have become a key carrier of new-type urbanization, yet the coordination between urban construction land (UCL) and urban population (UP) remains underexplored at the county level, particularly because prior work conflates u...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
158 Views
34 Pages

12 October 2026

As a sub-center of the Yangtze River Delta and a rapidly expanding metropolis, Hefei faces key regional low-carbon resilience challenges due to the incoordination between its built environment (BE) and water-heat-carbon (WHC) ecological functions. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
319 Views
37 Pages

12 October 2026

Return and resettlement are increasingly discussed as potential resources for rural revitalization, yet how these processes translate into place-based heritage and landscape action remains insufficiently understood. From a rural planning and cultural...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rural Revitalization Strategies and Their Impact on Urban Migration Trends)
  • Article
  • Open Access
218 Views
24 Pages

12 October 2026

Existing studies rarely investigate the relationship between the diversity of homesteads and rural revitalization at the county scale, and the attention given to the spatial differentiation mechanism and differentiation optimization paths of the two...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Transition Pathways: Governance, Resources, and Policies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
195 Views
22 Pages

12 October 2026

Reconciling grain production stability and agroecological sustainability is a key bottleneck for the high-quality development of China’s agriculture. As a critical form of cultivated land spatial restructuring, cultivated land concentration res...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Transition and Its Economic, Ecological, and Environmental Effects)
  • Article
  • Open Access
377 Views
27 Pages

12 October 2026

Land capitalization has become a key mechanism in China’s rural transformation, converting dispersed natural villages into centralized resettled communities for landless peasants and reshaping their everyday life through urbanized housing, infr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
278 Views
25 Pages

11 October 2026

Well-facilitated farmland construction provides a material foundation for the application of improved agricultural machinery, and the in-depth integration of the two can contribute to a new breakthrough in improving grain yield per unit area. Based o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Optimization for Sustainable Agricultural and Food Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
197 Views
24 Pages

11 October 2026

Forest ecological-product value depends on both ecological-resource supply and regional development conditions. Using the seven prefecture-level divisions of Xizang from 2016 to 2024, this study examined forests classified in annual land-cover data,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
150 Views
28 Pages

11 October 2026

Effective ecological governance and sustainable land management require a clear understanding of how ecosystem service (ES) supply and demand are coupled and spatially matched. Across northern China’s agro-pastoral ecotone, long-term ecosystem...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecosystem Service Flows and Human Well-Being Links Under Landscape Change)
  • Article
  • Open Access
232 Views
28 Pages

11 October 2026

Greening-priority methods can identify under-greened locations, but they do not necessarily tell designers what tree intervention should follow. This study develops a behaviour-informed decision-support framework and applies it as a pilot on four Ade...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Planning and Landscape Architecture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
292 Views
53 Pages

Spatial Differentiation and Built-Environment Correlates of Street-Block Vitality in Baoding, China

  • Bin Guo,
  • Bingyan Zhao,
  • Wen Zhang,
  • Bo Yang and ,
  • Yuanyuan Shi and
  • Sujuan Fu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

11 October 2026

The spatial differentiation of street-block vitality and its built-environment correlates provide an empirical basis for implementing refined street-block governance in the context of the renewal of existing urban areas. Based on the human–envi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategic Planning for Urban Sustainability (Second Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
249 Views
25 Pages

11 October 2026

As cities shift toward regenerating existing urban areas, the reuse of vacant spaces for public facility provision is becoming an important alternative to new construction. In China, embedded sports facilities exemplify this approach, using fragmente...

  • Article
  • Open Access
201 Views
24 Pages

11 October 2026

Against the backdrop of increasingly binding land constraints and the transition toward high-quality development, improving total factor productivity through more economical and intensive land use has become an important policy concern. This study tr...

(This article belongs to the Topic Urban Science and Real Estate Dynamics: Insights into Housing, Finance, and Land Use)
  • Article
  • Open Access
274 Views
27 Pages

11 October 2026

Biocultural diversity underpins the stability and adaptive capacity of rural cultural landscapes. Taking the Fengyan Terraced Fields in Hanyin County, Shaanxi Province, China, as a case study, this paper integrates landscape character identification,...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
364 Views
25 Pages

10 October 2026

Cross-border activities between Shenzhen and Hong Kong epitomize regional coordinated development within the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), yet the daily living space patterns of Hong Kong cross-border employees in Shen...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Urban Planning and Sustainable Mobility, Second Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
291 Views
24 Pages

Human–Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Interface in an Expanding North African City: Spatiotemporal Patterns and Public Perceptions in Annaba, Algeria

  • Kamelia Hesni Benotmane,
  • Mehdi Boukheroufa,
  • Csaba Centeri,
  • Feriel Sakraoui and ,
  • Krisztián Katona,
  • Rached Hadiby and
  • Salsabil Abassi
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

10 October 2026

Urban expansion across Algeria is bringing humans into contact with wildlife. Yet, the wild boar (Sus scrofa), a native but increasingly hyperabundant component of the Maghrebian fauna, remains largely undocumented in urban settings. Wild boar exploi...

(This article belongs to the Section Urban Contexts and Urban-Rural Interactions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
164 Views
25 Pages

10 October 2026

The water source area of the Henan Reach for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is an important ecological protection zone, where variations in land-use patterns can adversely affect the region’s carbon sink capacity and long-term ecolo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Sustainability from the Viewpoint of Carbon Emission: 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
642 Views
28 Pages

Urban Milpa System for Traditional Gastronomy Made of Sustainable Produce from Three Cultivation Cycles in Monterrey, México

  • Igor Ishi Rubio-Cisneros,
  • Robert Edwin Roggema,
  • Enrique Puga-de los Reyes,
  • Esther Pérez-Carrillo and ,
  • Alicia Ramírez-Medrano and
  • Ana Sofía Haro Montoya
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

10 October 2026

Traditional milpa systems provide agroecological knowledge based on crop complementarity, seed selection, and local management, but their performance in spatially constrained urban settings remains insufficiently documented. This study investigates t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
197 Views
28 Pages

10 October 2026

Against the backdrop of climate change and rapid urbanization, the urban thermal environment (UTE) in urban agglomerations continues to deteriorate, posing a growing challenge to regional sustainability. Network-based approaches have increasingly bee...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Landscape Planning for Urban Heat Island Mitigation: Strategies, Tools, and Emerging Challenges)
  • Article
  • Open Access
440 Views
40 Pages

10 October 2026

Strategic landscape planning requires spatially explicit methods for assessing peri-urban mining landscapes. This study develops a multi-scale geospatial framework to assess 1284 mining ponds in Hungary through land-cover patterns, spectral indicator...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategic Planning for Urban Sustainability (Second Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
286 Views
26 Pages

10 October 2026

Overall leisure activity can conceal substantial changes in how urban leisure use is distributed across functions, time, and space during hot periods. We analysed 917,186 user–venue–day leisure visits recorded on Weibo in central Nanjing...

(This article belongs to the Section Land–Climate Interactions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
250 Views
23 Pages

10 October 2026

Korean local governments promote industrial parks as a response to depopulation, yet their effect on existing rural settlement space remains unmeasured. Transferring the road-effect-zone framework to industry, we separated industrial occupation, the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geospatial Solutions for Urban, Rural, and Environmental Challenges)
  • Article
  • Open Access
224 Views
33 Pages

Research on the Spatial Characteristics and Generative Logic of Hui Settlements in Gansu, Qinghai, and Ningxia from the Perspective of Cultural Integration

  • Yicong Qi,
  • Wenbo Ma,
  • Chenxu He,
  • Wenjing Liu and ,
  • Haonan Wu,
  • Changchang Liu and
  • Qi Kang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

9 October 2026

The Gansu–Qinghai–Ningxia region is a major area of concentrated Hui settlement in northwestern China, characterized by significant cultural interaction and integration. In response to the limited regional-scale research on how multiple c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tourism Spatial Planning Across Rural–Urban Landscapes: Integrating Economic Growth, Heritage Conservation, and Ecosystem Services)
  • Article
  • Open Access
406 Views
29 Pages

Urban Tree Information in the Built Environment Process—Current Status and Possible Improvements

  • Migle Stogeviciute,
  • Elias Haglund,
  • Per-Ola Olsson,
  • Lars Wikström and
  • Lars Harrie

9 October 2026

The European Union adopted the Nature Restoration Law (NRL) in 2024 to protect and restore ecosystems across the EU, including specific targets for urban ecosystems (Regulation (EU) 2024/1991). One objective is to safeguard urban trees, which provide...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Landscape and Greenway Planning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
323 Views
21 Pages

Mercury Content in Volcanic Soils of Isla Santa Cruz (Galápagos, Ecuador)

  • Antonio Martínez Cortizas,
  • Ainé Francos-Golán,
  • Mohamed Traoré,
  • Jenny Kristina Sjöström and
  • Olalla López-Costas

9 October 2026

Mercury is closely associated with volcanic environments such as Islas Galápagos. Isla Santa Cruz, one of the oldest Galápagos islands, has undergone intense land-use transformations that have likely affected mercury cycling. A pre-tran...

(This article belongs to the Section Land, Soil and Water)
  • Article
  • Open Access
281 Views
19 Pages

A Spatial Assessment of the Production and Economic Performance of the Agro-Industrial Complex in the North Kazakhstan Region

  • Bibigul Dabylova,
  • Dinara Nabiyeva,
  • Aizhan Zhildikbayeva,
  • Ukilyay Kerimova and ,
  • Nuray Kutymova,
  • Arailym Serikkalikyzy,
  • Yergali Akhmetov,
  • Kamshat Dauletiyarkyzy,
  • Gulsara Kamelkhan and
  • Zhanar Alimseitova
  • + 7 authors+ 2 authors

9 October 2026

Agricultural planning at the district level requires a transparent comparison of investments, production, financial returns, and resource availability. This study evaluates the relative production and economic performance of 13 districts in the North...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agricultural Land Economics: Balancing Production, Conservation, and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
301 Views
18 Pages

Exploring Built Environment Perception Pathways and Perception Profiles Using Vision–Language Models

  • Andrew Larkin,
  • Lizhong Chen,
  • Pi-I Debby Lin,
  • Peter James and
  • Perry Hystad

9 October 2026

Computer vision models applied to street-view imagery (SVI) can generate large-scale measures of perceived built-environment qualities relevant to urban planning and public health. Unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs), vision–language mo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Landscape and Greenway Planning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
192 Views
22 Pages

Improved Habitat Mapping Reveals Ecological Heterogeneity and Ecosystem Service Potential in a Mediterranean Mountain Natura 2000 Site

  • Ioannis P. Kokkoris,
  • Triantafyllia S. Zacharaki,
  • Evanthia N. Alexandropoulou,
  • Evangelos M. Pappas and
  • Panayotis Dimopoulos

9 October 2026

Mediterranean mountain protected areas require detailed habitat information for conservation and management. We revised the habitat type map of Mt. Falakro Natura 2000 SAC (GR1140004), northern Greece, as a pilot application focused on grasslands. Ev...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Grassland Ecosystem Services: Research Advances and Future Directions for Sustainability: 3rd Edition)

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Land - ISSN 2073-445X