2021 September-2 - 243 articles
Earth system science has changed rapidly due to global environmental changes and the advent of Earth observation technology. Therefore, new tools are required to monitor, measure, analyze, evaluate, and model Earth observation data. Google Earth (GE)...
The magnitude and frequency of storm events, relative sea-level rise (RSLR), sediment supply, and anthropogenic alterations drive the morphologic evolution of barrier island systems, although the relative importance of any one driver will vary with t...
One of the most promising techniques for the analysis of Spatio-Temporal ocean wave fields is stereo vision. Indeed, the reconstruction accuracy and resolution typically outperform other approaches like radars, satellites, etc. However, it is computa...
Based on the satellite observed sea surface temperature (SST), the recovery of SST cooling induced by the tropical cyclones (TCs) over the northwestern Pacific Ocean is investigated. The results show that the passage of a TC induces a mean maximum co...
The previous multi-track InSAR (MTI) method can be used to retrieve mining-induced three-dimensional (3D) surface displacements with high spatial–temporal resolution by incorporating multi-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observ...
For regional environmental studies it is important to know the location of the fast ice edge which affects the coastal processes in the Arctic. The aim of this study is to develop a new automated method for fast ice delineation from SAR imagery. The...
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of human well-being including air quality. The present study aims at quantifying this effect by means of ground-level concentrations of NO2, PM2.5, as well as aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements an...
The Tennessee River in the United States is one of the most ecologically distinct rivers in the world and serves as a great resource for local residents. However, it is also one of the most polluted rivers in the world, and a leading cause of this po...
The canopy is the direct receiver and receptor of external environmental variations, and affects the microclimate and energy exchange between the understory and external environment. After autumn leaf fall, the canopy structure of different forests s...
Alpine glaciers are strongly suffering the consequences of the temperature rising and monitoring them over long periods is of particular interest for climate change tracking. A wide range of techniques can be successfully applied to survey and monito...
Atmospheric water vapour content is a key variable that controls the development of deep convective storms and rainfall extremes over the central Andes. Direct measurements of water vapour are challenging; however, recent developments in microwave pr...
This study aims to investigate the effects of an optimized sowing calendar for wheat over a surface irrigation scheme in the semi-arid region of Haouz (Morocco) on irrigation water requirements, crop growth and development and on yield. For that, a s...
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM
The monitoring of human activity and vital signs plays a significant role in remote health-care. Radar provides a non-contact monitoring approach without privacy and illumination concerns. However, multiple people in a narrow indoor environment bring...
Clear-sky detection (CSD) is of critical importance in solar energy applications and surface radiative budget studies. Existing CSD methods are not sufficiently validated due to the lack of high-temporal resolution and long-term CSD ground observatio...
The Yanqi basin is the main irrigated and active agroecosystem in semi-arid Xinjiang, northwestern China, which further seeks responses to the profound local water-related drawbacks in relation to the unceasing landscape desiccation and scant precipi...
The Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) onboard the Himawari-8 geostationary satellite provides continuous observations every 10 min. This study investigates the assimilation of every-10-min radiance from the AHI with the POD-4DEnVar method. Cloud detecti...
Building extraction from airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds is a significant step in the process of digital urban construction. Although the existing building extraction methods perform well in simple urban environments, when e...
Precise Point Positioning (PPP), as a global precise positioning technique, suffers from relatively long convergence times, hindering its ability to be the default precise positioning technique. Reducing the PPP convergence time is a must to reach gl...
In this work we demonstrate that restoration interventions in arid to semi-arid landscapes can be independently assessed by remote sensing methods throughout all phases. For early verification, we use Sentinel-1 radar imagery that is sensitive to cha...
Under certain conditions, the ionization of the E layer can dominate over that of the F2 layer. This phenomenon is called the E layer dominated ionosphere (ELDI) and occurs mainly in the auroral regions. In the present work, we model the variation of...
Carolina Bays are oriented and sandy-rimmed depressions that are ubiquitous throughout the Atlantic Coastal Plain (ACP). Their origin has been a highly debated topic since the 1800s and remains unsolved. Past population estimates of Carolina Bays hav...
Frequency diverse array (FDA) radar has attracted much attention due to the angle and range dependence of the beam pattern. Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar has high degrees of freedom (DOF) and spatial resolution. The FDA-MIMO radar, a hy...
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) has been suffering from severe groundwater storage (GWS) consumption and land subsidence (LS) for a long period. The overexploitation of groundwater brings about severe land subsidence, which affects the safety and develop...
Land cover classification from very high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing images is a challenging task due to the complexity of geography scenes and the varying shape and size of ground targets. It is difficult to utilize the spectral data directly, o...
Feature description is a necessary process for implementing feature-based remote sensing applications. Due to the limited resources in satellite platforms and the considerable amount of image data, feature description—which is a process before featur...
The active-channel planform adjustments that have occurred along the Centa, lower Arroscia and lower Neva rivers since 1930, along with the riverbed channelization processes and the land-use and land-cover changes in disconnected riverine areas, were...
It is of great significance to apply the object detection methods to automatically detect boulders from planetary images and analyze their distribution. This contributes to the selection of candidate landing sites and the understanding of the geologi...
Tropical forests are a key component of the global carbon cycle and climate change mitigation. Field- or LiDAR-based approaches enable reliable measurements of the structure and above-ground biomass (AGB) of tropical forests. Data derived from digita...
Glacier surge, which causes a quick movement of ice mass from high to low elevation, is closely associated to the glacial hazards of debris flows and glacial lake outburst floods. Over the West Kunlun Shan, surge events have been detected for some gl...
Timely and reliable maize yield prediction is essential for the agricultural supply chain and food security. Previous studies using either climate or satellite data or both to build empirical or statistical models have prevailed for decades. However,...
Despite high fragmentation and deforestation, little is known about wildlife species richness and occurrence probabilities in tropical dry forest (TDF) landscapes. To fill this gap in knowledge, we used a Sentinel-2-derived land-cover map, Normalized...
Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a key plant functional trait closely related to leaf biomass. Estimating LMA in fresh leaves remains challenging due to its masked absorption by leaf water in the short-wave infrared region of reflectance. Vegetation indic...
Radio occultation (RO) sensor measurements have critical roles in numerical weather prediction (NWP) by complementing microwave and infrared sounder measurements with information of the atmospheric profiles at high accuracy, precision, and vertical r...
Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been used to achieve state-of-the-art performance on land cover classification thanks to their outstanding nonlinear feature extraction ability. DCNNs are usually designed as an encoder–decoder architec...
The detection of global land change via satellite observation is a major challenge in improving the understanding of global environmental change. In this study, we develop a new vegetation index which can be used as a proxy for the fractions of tree...
The current glacial lake datasets in the High Mountain Asia (HMA) region still need to be improved because their boundary divisions in the land–water transition zone are not precisely delineate, and also some very small glacial lakes have been lost d...
Precise point positioning (PPP) with ambiguity resolution (AR) can improve positioning accuracy and reliability. The narrow-lane (NL) AR solution can reach centimeter-level accuracy but there is a certain initialization time. In contrast, extra-wide-...
Two-way Laser Time Transfer (TLTT) using the Ajisai satellite has been considered as a more accurate and stable time transfer technique than existing methods; TLTT requires the kHz laser pulses to decrease the systematic restrictions for TLTT realiza...
In situ sea surface temperatures (SST) are the key component of the calibration and validation (Cal/Val) of satellite SST retrievals and data assimilation (DA). The NOAA in situ SST Quality Monitor (iQuam) aims to collect, from various sources, all a...
Small island countries in the South Pacific are ecologically fragile areas, vulnerable to climate change, and the long-term ecological changes in the sea and land have an important impact on their sustainable development. This study takes Fiji, a typ...
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are important atmospheric trace gases for determining air quality, human health, climate change, and ecological conditions both regionally and globally. In this study, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (O...
Entomological radar is an effective means of monitoring insect migration, and can realize long-distance and large-scale rapid monitoring. The stable tracking of individual insect targets is the basic premise underlying the identification of insect sp...
The knowledge of water surface changes provides invaluable information for water resources management and flood monitoring. However, the accurate identification of water bodies is a long-term challenge due to human activities and climate change. Sent...
Data-driven deep learning has been well applied in radar target detection. However, the performance of the detection network is severely degraded when the detection scene changes, since the trained network with the data from one scene is not suitable...
Many future space missions to asteroids and comets will implement autonomous or near-autonomous navigation, in order to save costly observation time from Earth tracking stations, improve the security of spacecraft and perform real-time operations. Ex...
Drought is one of the most complex and least-understood environmental disasters that can trigger environmental, societal, and economic problems. To accurately assess the drought conditions in the Yellow River Basin, this study reconstructed the Land...
Planetary waves in the mesosphere are studied using observational data and models to establish their origin, as there are indications of their generation independently of waves in the stratosphere. The quantitative relationships between zonal wave 1...
Change Detection in heterogeneous remote sensing images plays an increasingly essential role in many real-world applications, e.g., urban growth tracking, land use monitoring, disaster evaluation and damage assessment. The objective of change detecti...
Gaofen 4 (GF-4) is a geostationary satellite, with a panchromatic and multispectral sensor (PMS) onboard, and has great potential in observing atmospheric aerosols. In this study, we developed an aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval algorithm for th...
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