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Viruses, Volume 10, Issue 5

May 2018 - 62 articles

Cover Story: Plant virus-based vectors are valuable tools for recombinant gene expression and functional genomics for both fundamental research and translational application. Criniviruses, members of the family Closteroviridae, cause phloem-limited infections in several important crops worldwide, but none have been developed for use as vectors. Here, lettuce infectious yellows virus (LIYV) was engineered into a vector that is applicable for efficient protein expression and gene silencing to retain whitefly vector transmissibility, allowing it to be used in various plant species. View the paper here.
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Articles (62)

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,977 Views
20 Pages

22 May 2018

The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine called Fel-O-Vax® FIV is the first commercial FIV vaccine released worldwide for the use in domestic cats against global FIV subtypes (A–E). This vaccine consists of inactivated dual-subtype (...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
6,195 Views
19 Pages

Discovery and Biochemical Characterization of PlyP56, PlyN74, and PlyTB40—Bacillus Specific Endolysins

  • Irina Etobayeva,
  • Sara B. Linden,
  • Farhang Alem,
  • Laith Harb,
  • Lucas Rizkalla,
  • Philip D. Mosier,
  • Allison A. Johnson,
  • Louise Temple,
  • Ramin M. Hakami and
  • Daniel C. Nelson

21 May 2018

Three Bacillus bacteriophage-derived endolysins, designated PlyP56, PlyN74, and PlyTB40, were identified, cloned, purified, and characterized for their antimicrobial properties. Sequence alignment reveals these endolysins have an N-terminal enzymatic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,888 Views
8 Pages

The Occurrence of a Commercial Npro and Erns Double Mutant BVDV-1 Live-Vaccine Strain in Newborn Calves

  • Kerstin Wernike,
  • Anna Michelitsch,
  • Andrea Aebischer,
  • Uwe Schaarschmidt,
  • Andrea Konrath,
  • Hermann Nieper,
  • Julia Sehl,
  • Jens P. Teifke and
  • Martin Beer

19 May 2018

The major source for the spread of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) are in-utero infected, immunotolerant, persistently infected (PI) animals since they shed enormous amounts of viruses throughout their lives. During the sequence-based virus typing...

  • Review
  • Open Access
30 Citations
8,013 Views
15 Pages

Live-Cell Imaging of Early Steps of Single HIV-1 Infection

  • Ashwanth C. Francis and
  • Gregory B. Melikyan

19 May 2018

Live-cell imaging of single HIV-1 entry offers a unique opportunity to delineate the spatio-temporal regulation of infection. Novel virus labeling and imaging approaches enable the visualization of key steps of HIV-1 entry leading to nuclear import,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
69 Citations
8,791 Views
14 Pages

Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H9N2 Affects Intestinal Microbiota, Barrier Structure Injury, and Inflammatory Intestinal Disease in the Chicken Ileum

  • Hongxin Li,
  • Xiaolin Liu,
  • Feiyang Chen,
  • Kejing Zuo,
  • Che Wu,
  • Yiming Yan,
  • Weiguo Chen,
  • Wencheng Lin and
  • Qingmei Xie

18 May 2018

Avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 (H9N2 AIV) has caused significant losses to the poultry industry due to the high mortality associated with secondary infections attributable to E. coli. This study tries to address the underlying secondary mechanism...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
7,378 Views
11 Pages

Synergistic Viral Replication of Marek’s Disease Virus and Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J is Responsible for the Enhanced Pathogenicity in the Superinfection of Chickens

  • Jing Zhou,
  • Guo-Liang Zhao,
  • Xiao-Man Wang,
  • Xu-Sheng Du,
  • Shuai Su,
  • Chen-Gui Li,
  • Venugopal Nair,
  • Yong-Xiu Yao and
  • Zi-Qiang Cheng

18 May 2018

Superinfection of Marek’s disease virus (MDV) and avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) causes lethal neoplasia and death in chickens. However, whether there is synergism between the two viruses in viral replication and pathogenicity has rema...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,245 Views
17 Pages

Adaptive Mutations in Influenza A/California/07/2009 Enhance Polymerase Activity and Infectious Virion Production

  • Patrick D. Slaine,
  • Cara MacRae,
  • Mariel Kleer,
  • Emily Lamoureux,
  • Sarah McAlpine,
  • Michelle Warhuus,
  • André M. Comeau,
  • Craig McCormick,
  • Todd Hatchette and
  • Denys A. Khaperskyy

18 May 2018

Mice are not natural hosts for influenza A viruses (IAVs), but they are useful models for studying antiviral immune responses and pathogenesis. Serial passage of IAV in mice invariably causes the emergence of adaptive mutations and increased virulenc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,923 Views
13 Pages

18 May 2018

Alphaviruses are mosquito-transmitted RNA viruses which generally cause acute disease including mild febrile illness, rash, arthralgia, myalgia and more severely, encephalitis. In the mouse, peripheral infection with Semliki Forest virus (SFV) result...

  • Review
  • Open Access
17 Citations
7,908 Views
20 Pages

Drug Delivery Strategies for Antivirals against Hepatitis B Virus

  • Latavia Singh,
  • Sunaina Indermun,
  • Mershen Govender,
  • Pradeep Kumar,
  • Lisa C. Du Toit,
  • Yahya E. Choonara and
  • Viness Pillay

17 May 2018

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant health challenge due to associated morbidity and mortality from cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer that eventually results in the breakdown of liver functionality. Nanotechnology has the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
133 Citations
19,905 Views
18 Pages

Paradoxical Effect of Chloroquine Treatment in Enhancing Chikungunya Virus Infection

  • Pierre Roques,
  • Simon-Djamel Thiberville,
  • Laurence Dupuis-Maguiraga,
  • Fok-Moon Lum,
  • Karine Labadie,
  • Frédéric Martinon,
  • Gabriel Gras,
  • Pierre Lebon,
  • Lisa F. P. Ng and
  • Xavier De Lamballerie
  • + 1 author

17 May 2018

Since 2005, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) re-emerged and caused numerous outbreaks in the world, and finally, was introduced into the Americas in 2013. The lack of CHIKV-specific therapies has led to the use of non-specific drugs. Chloroquine, which is c...

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Viruses - ISSN 1999-4915