Algorithms, Volume 18, Issue 7

This study investigates the ability of six pre-trained sentence transformers to organize medical knowledge by performing unsupervised clustering on 70 high-level Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms across seven medical specialties. We evaluated mod...

Consider an evolving epidemic in which each person is either (S) susceptible and healthy; (E) exposed, contagious but asymptomatic; (I) infected, symptomatic, and quarantined; or (R) recovered, healthy, and susceptible. The inference problem, given (...

Machining chips are directly related to both the machining quality and tool condition. However, detecting chips from images in industrial settings poses challenges in terms of model accuracy and computational speed. We firstly present a novel framewo...

The development of 5G environments has several advantages, including accelerated data transfer speeds, reduced latency, and improved energy efficiency. Nevertheless, it also increases the risk of severe cybersecurity issues, including a complex and e...

This paper compares two methods, inferential statistics and Systems Dynamics, to study the evolution of individual happiness after a single dose of drug consumption. In an application case, the effect of alcohol and caffeine on happiness is analyzed...

With the growing popularity of ice sports, indoor ice sports venues are drawing an increasing number of spectators. Maintaining comfort in spectator zones presents a significant challenge for the operational scheduling of climate control systems, whi...

Graph analytics has grown increasingly popular as a model for data analytics across a variety of domains. This has prompted an emergence of solutions for large-scale graph analytics, many of which integrate user-facing domain-specific languages (DSLs...

The spread of computer viruses represents a major challenge to digital security, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of their propagation mechanisms. This study examines the stability and chaotic dynamics of a fractional discrete Suscept...

Explainability and interpretability have emerged as essential considerations in machine learning, particularly as models become more complex and integral to a wide range of applications. In response to increasing concerns over opaque “black-box...

Concrete in cold areas is often subjected to a freeze–thaw cycle period, and a harsh environment will seriously damage the structure of concrete and shorten its life. The frost resistance of concrete is primarily evaluated by relative dynamic e...

Temperature control in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) poses significant challenges due to the process’s inherent nonlinearities and uncertain parameters. This study proposes an innovative solution by developing an adaptive nonlinear p...

For the splitting iterative scheme to solve the system of linear equations, an equivalent form in terms of descent and residual vectors is formulated. We propose an extrapolation technique using the new formulation, such that a new splitting iterativ...

Matrices have an important role in modern engineering problems like artificial intelligence, biomedicine, machine learning, etc. The present paper proposes new algorithms to solve linear problems involving finite matrices as well as operators in infi...

This study develops a high-accuracy indoor positioning system using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology and the time-of-arrival (TOA) method. The system is built using Arduino Nano microcontrollers and DW1000 UWB chips to measure distances between anchor...

In this paper, we first prove that it is impossible to devise an asynchronous reliable broadcast algorithm that can start in an arbitrary initial system configuration where processes execute their actions solely based on local knowledge. We then prop...

Reliable transmission of high-quality video over wireless channels is challenged by fading and noise, which degrade visual quality and disrupt temporal continuity. To address these issues, this paper proposes a quantum communication framework that in...

Fairness is a fundamental virtue in machine learning systems, alongside with four other critical virtues: Accountability, Transparency, Ethics, and Performance (FATE + Performance). Ensuring fairness has been a central research focus, leading to the...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, non-curable neurodegenerative disorder that poses persistent challenges for early diagnosis due to its gradual onset and the difficulty in distinguishing pathological changes from normal aging. Neuroim...

Plant diseases significantly undermine agricultural productivity. This study introduces an improved YOLOv10n model named WD-YOLO (Weighted and Double-scale YOLO), an advanced architecture for efficient plant disease detection. The PlantDoc dataset wa...

Introduction: We developed a computed tomography (CT)-based tool designed for automated segmentation of deltoid muscles, enabling quantification of radiomic features and muscle fatty infiltration. Prior to use in a clinical setting, this machine lear...

The Wyrtki Jet (WJ), a pivotal surface circulation system in the equatorial Indian Ocean, exerts significant regulatory control over regional climate dynamics through its intense eastward transport characteristics, which modulate water mass exchange,...

This study presents a comprehensive forecasting approach to evaluate the future of electric vehicle (EV) adoption in the United Kingdom through 2035. Using three complementary models—SARIMAX, Prophet with regressors, and XGBoost—the analy...

The flowering stage is a critical phase in the growth of rapeseed crops, and non-destructive, high-throughput quantitative analysis of rape flower clusters in field environments holds significant importance for rapeseed breeding. However, detecting a...

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems presents challenges related to variability, stability, and efficiency, particularly in smart microgrids. This systematic review, following the PRISMA 2020 methodology, anal...

Accurate and interpretable prediction plays a vital role in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, particularly for enhancing user trust and model transparency. However, existing models often struggle with poor adaptability and limited interpretabi...

Although multimodal feature fusion technology in fake news detection can integrate complementary information from different modal data, the semantic inconsistency of multimodal features will lead to feature fusion difficulties. And there is the probl...

Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression has been widely used to model the relationship between predictors and responses. However, PLS may be limited in its capacity to handle complex spectral data contaminated with significant noise and interferences....

To ensure the product quality of a steel slab continuous casting machine, the mechanical alignment of the guide rolls must be monitored and corrected regularly. Misaligned guide rolls cause stress and strain in the partially solidified steel strand,...

Biomass units can play a certain role in peak summer and winter due to their advantages in terms of their environmental and short-term peak ability. To analyze the peak ability of biomass units, this paper focuses on the dynamic modeling of biomass u...

In the process of few-shot class-incremental learning, the limited number of samples for newly introduced classes makes it difficult to adequately adapt model parameters, resulting in poor feature representations for these classes. To address this is...

As a key node in port logistics systems, ship anchorage is often faced with congestion caused by ship flow fluctuations, multi-priority scheduling imbalances and the poor adaptability of scheduling models to complex environments. To solve the above p...

To obtain actionable information for humanitarian and other emergency responses, an accurate classification of news or events is critical. Daily news and social media are hard to classify based on conveyed information, especially when multiple catego...

This systematic review explores the role of smartwatches in stress management, mental health monitoring, and overall well-being. Drawing from 61 peer-reviewed studies published between 2016 and 2025, this review synthesizes empirical findings across...

This study focuses on the integrated scheduling issues of imaging and data transmission for Earth observation satellites, where each target needs to be imaged and transmitted within a feasible time window. The scheduling process also takes into accou...

Accurate tree species identification through bark characteristics is essential for effective forest management, but traditionally requires extensive expertise. This study leverages artificial intelligence (AI), specifically the EfficientNet-B3 convol...

This article aims to evaluate the seasonal efficiency of natural gas boilers used in European households, highlighting the cost effectiveness, environmental benefits, and user comfort associated with higher-efficiency models, particularly those based...

This paper presents an innovative engine optimization model integrated with a friction fitting tool to enhance the accuracy of computed performance for a marine dual-fuel engine. The focus is on determining the terms of the Chen–Flynn correlati...

This paper explores the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) and secure Gen-AI technologies within engineering design and manufacturing, with a focus on improving inventory management, component selection, and recommendation workflows. The sys...

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges to global healthcare, bringing out the urgent need for reliable diagnostic tools. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have proven instrumental in detecting COVID-19-induced lung abnormalities. Thi...

This paper addresses the problem of information extraction using an AI-powered chatbot. The problem concerns searching and extracting relevant information from large databases in response to a human user’s query. Expanding the traditional discr...

This paper presents an integrated digital training twin framework for adaptive aircraft maintenance education, combining real-time competence modeling, algorithmic orchestration, and cloud–edge deployment architectures. The proposed system dyna...

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is emerging as a disruptive force, both economically and socially, with its use spanning from the provision of goods and services to everyday activities such as healthcare and household management. This study...

For the longitudinal tire force estimation problem of four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles (4WIDEVs), traditional model-based observers have limitations such as high modeling complexity and strong parameter sensitivity, while pure data-driv...

The rapid growth of scientific publications, coupled with rising retraction rates, has intensified the challenge of identifying trustworthy academic articles. To address this issue, we propose a three-layer ranking system that integrates natural lang...

In this article, we present a hybrid optimization methodology using the whale optimization algorithm and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling technique in a teachers’ training development program regarding creativity in technology-enhanced learnin...

The swift advancement of information and communication technology has made it increasingly difficult to guarantee the security of transmitted data. Traditional encryption techniques, particularly in multimedia applications, frequently fail to defend...

Throughout history, human societies have sought to explain natural phenomena through the lens of mythology. Earthquakes, as sudden and often devastating events, have inspired a range of symbolic and mythological interpretations across different civil...

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose significant risks to critical systems and infrastructures due to their stealth and persistence. While several studies have reviewed APT characteristics and defense mechanisms, this paper goes further by proposi...

For the local oscillation phenomenon of the APF algorithm in the face of static U-shaped obstacles, the path cusp phenomenon caused by the vehicle corner and path curvature constraints is not taken into account, as well as the low path safety caused...

In this article, we present the extended simple equations method (SEsM) for finding exact solutions to systems of fractional nonlinear partial differential equations (FNPDEs). The expansions made to the original SEsM algorithm are implemented in seve...