Medicina, Volume 61, Issue 3

The field of biliopancreatic endoscopy has witnessed transformative advancements, driven by technological innovations, novel techniques, and an evolving understanding of disease processes [...]

Background and Objectives: CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have revolutionized the treatment of hormone receptor-positive HER2 negative (HR(+)/HER2(-)) breast cancer. Despite their efficacy, interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a rare but potentially...

Background and Objectives: Elevated blood sugar poses an increasingly significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. We aimed to assess the efficacy of the SGLT-2i class in achieving metabolic control in patients with T2DM within a real-world...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is marked by progressive cognitive decline, affecting memory, language, orientation, and behavior. Pathological hallmarks include extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular tau...

Background and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of proprioceptive studies according to radiological stages in patients with knee osteoarthritis and to determine at which stage of the disease it should be added to the...

Background and Objectives: Contemporary studies have shown that low ejection fraction (EF) is a significant predictor of sudden cardiac death in ischemic heart failure. However, relying solely on EF and waiting 90 days for ICD implantation is inadequ...

Background/Objectives: Effective HIV treatment and prevention rely heavily on patient adherence to the prescribed regimen. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), which involves measuring medication concentrations in blood circulation, offers an objective...

Congenital genu recurvatum (CGR) is a rare congenital knee deformity that can be diagnosed pre- or postnatally. Most CGR cases are treated during infancy by manipulation and serial casting or splinting. Only a few neglected cases of CGR in adults wit...

Limb amputation remains a significant global health issue, affecting millions of individuals annually. A substantial proportion of these patients struggle with the inadequate fit and discomfort of conventional prosthetic sockets, leading to diminishe...

Background and Objectives: Glaucoma (GL) classification is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment, yet relying solely on stand-alone models or International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes is insufficient due to limited predictive power and...

Background and Objectives: The incorporation of oncoplastic surgery techniques into the management of breast cancer has become more popular and offers both oncological safety and good cosmetic results. However, it is challenging for surgeons to obtai...

Background and Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between different dyspnoea scales and clinical and physical parameters of stroke patients and to identify the most appropriate scale for stroke patients. Materials a...

Background and Objectives: Postoperative femur fracture in elderly patients is associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU). Various factors, including demographic and laboratory parameters, may influence...

Background and Objectives: Pneumothorax is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity, leading to lung collapse. While cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor, the role of electronic cigarettes is less un...

Background and Objectives: Liver cirrhosis leads to significant hemodynamic changes, particularly portal hypertension and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. Traditional invasive methods for hemodynamic monitoring, while accurate, carry risks such as i...

Background and Objectives: Insufficient margin in lung cancer is associated with an increased locoregional recurrence rate. In pulmonary segmentectomy, two commonly used methods for identifying the intersegmental plane are inflation–deflation a...

Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG), or granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), is a rare autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation in various organs, including the kidneys. Renal involvement in GPA is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in...

Background and Objectives: Tumours of the lacrimal drainage system are rare and most located in the lacrimal sac. The authors of this study aimed to conduct a literature review to find out which malignant tumours most often occurred in the lacrimal s...

Background and Objectives: This study explores the relationship between retinal structure, vascular densities (VD), and the progression of myopia, aiming to identify novel biomarkers for assessing myopia severity. Materials and Methods: A total of 26...

Background and Objectives: Cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a growing public health concern. Early detection and an understanding of structural changes are crucial for accurate dia...

Background and Objectives: Burn injuries, particularly partial-thickness burns, often require advanced therapies to improve re-epithelialization and scar quality. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of autologous skin cell suspensions, such as R...

Osteoporosis, the most common bone disorder, profoundly impacts women’s health, especially during postmenopausal phases. Characterised by diminished bone mineral density (BMD), it increases the risk of fractures, affecting mobility, quality of...

Background and Objectives: Endothelial cells are essential to various therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases. Developing efficient methods to generate large quantities of well-defined endothelial cells could improve cardiovascular treatme...

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key biomarker reflecting autonomic nervous system (ANS) function and neurocardiac regulation. Reduced HRV has been associated with cardiovascular risk, neurodegenerative disorders, and autonomic dysfuncti...

Background and Objectives: The rising popularity of new-generation electronic cigarettes (e-cig) like JUUL necessitates a better understanding of their impact on respiratory and other body systems, as the effects of JUUL’s components remain unc...

Background and Objectives: Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder affecting approximately 24 million people worldwide, characterized by structural and functional brain abnormalities. Despite its prevalence, automated segmentation tools like...

Background and Objectives: Virtual reality (VR)-based interventions provide immersive and interactive environments that can enhance motor learning and deliver real-time feedback, offering potential advantages over conventional therapies. This systema...

Background and Objectives: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease caused by the failure of the skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue to respond to insulin. Metformin is the first choice for the treatment of T2DM. Isthmin 1 (Ism1)...

Background and Objectives: Patients with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of postoperative complications, such as infections, delayed wound healing, and increased mortality compared to non-diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This prosp...

Background and Objectives: Post-transplant anastomotic pseudoaneurysms are a rare but serious complication of renal transplantation, typically requiring graft sacrifice. This case report demonstrates a novel hybrid approach for managing a mycotic pse...

Background and Objectives: Epidermal inclusion cysts are benign lesions with usually good prognosis. Clitoral epidermal cysts are very uncommon and can be spontaneous or caused by a prior surgical operation, usually female genital mutilation. Surgica...

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the 6-month restenosis rate, risk factors, and complications following carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients aged 80 years and older, assessing the efficacy and safety of CAS in this population. Materials ...

Gene mutations in PIK3CA, the catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinases, are significantly associated with prognosis in breast cancer. This association suggests that breast cancer patients with PIK3CA mutations should receive PIK3CA mutant-spec...

The prosthetic emergence profile is a factor potentially affecting marginal bone level around dental implants. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the influence of the prosthetic emergence profile on peri-implant marginal...

Background and Objectives: This study introduces an innovative approach to accelerating wound healing by leveraging the bactericidal properties of mycosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) and their combination with curcumin against Pseudo...

Background and objectives: Increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) are produced in various inflammatory diseases like allergic asthma. Fractional exhaled NO has been studied as a biomarker of type 2 inflammation in asthma, while the use of nasal NO (nN...

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and the second most common cause of death worldwide, with its incidence increasing due to an aging population. Early diagnosis is crucial for timely medical intervention. Biomarkers serve as objective indicator...

Background and Objectives: Healthy lifestyle behaviors and cancer screening are crucial for cancer prevention; however, their relationship remains inadequately explored. This study examines cancer-related lifestyle behaviors, attitudes toward cancer...

Background and Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to identify factors predictive of laryngeal involvement in patients with Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). The secondary objective was to observe th...

A biofilm is a community of microbial cells which are enclosed in an external matrix and separated by a network of water channels attached to natural or artificial surfaces. Biofilms formed inside biliary stents consist of a mixed spectrum of bacteri...

Background and Objectives: Sufficient evidence supports the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) as a reliable tool for measuring tongue strength and endurance as well as an effective assessment instrument for intervention studies. This study aime...

Background and Objectives: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) impacts 4–50% of adult women, frequently resulting in embarrassment, diminished self-esteem, and social withdrawal, significantly affecting quality of life. The aim of our s...

Background and Objective: Active aging is influenced by various factors, including chronic diseases, multimorbidity, functional limitations, and disabilities. The presence of these factors might lead to greater dependence on caregivers and could pres...

Background and Objectives: There is evidence of decreasing knee pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis when knee mechanical traction is performed surgically. Our aim was to measure the effects of standard physiotherapy with the addition of knee me...

Background and Objectives: It is crucial to consider not only the physical variables but also the athlete’s psychological condition prior to making the decision to return to sport (RTS). It is unfortunate that there is currently no universal qu...

Background and Objectives: Theory of mind (ToM) deficits in children with ADHD are closely related to social difficulties and problems in interpersonal interactions. Evidence suggests that these cognitive deficits negatively affect the ability to und...

Background and Objectives: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) family peptides and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) are involved in gastrointestinal regulation and may contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathophysiology. This study investigates...

Background and Objectives: Lymphedema is a chronic and progressive condition that leads to significant morbidity, including recurrent infections, fibrosis, and functional limitations. Conservative treatments often offer limited relief, particularly i...

Background and Objectives: Musculoskeletal disorders (MD) affect over 1.7 billion people worldwide, with neck and low back pain being prevalent and debilitating conditions. Current treatments include various interventions, but novel approaches are ne...

Background and Objectives: The level of knowledge and awareness individuals have about diseases, as well as their health perceptions, can influence healthy lifestyle behaviors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness...