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174 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,452 Views
12 Pages

25 September 2024

Scholars have connected Calvin’s idea of the imago Dei with the modern concept of inherent human dignity. Others have emphasized how Calvin tried to use the image of God to promote the significance of human dignity without connecting it with po...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,905 Views
12 Pages

21 August 2023

COVID-19 has taught us that whom one surrounds oneself with has a profound influence on one’s well-being. In that light, does whom we worship with matter as well? John Calvin would in fact argue that the people we physically worship with have a...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
11,878 Views
14 Pages

20 February 2017

Inheritors of the Calvinist Reformed tradition have long disagreed about whether knowledge of God’s nature and existence can be or need be acquired inferentially by means of the standard arguments of natural theology. Nonetheless, they have tradition...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,503 Views
18 Pages

17 February 2025

Martyrdom in the sixteenth-century French and Swiss Reformations has long been an exciting area of research for scholars. However, the subject has almost exclusively been studied through large collections called the “martyrologies” or thr...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
3,153 Views
4 Pages

9 November 2018

This editorial is written to recognize Professor Emeritus Calvin H. Bartholomew, who celebrated his 75th birthday in 2018, and to introduce the commemorative issue of Catalysts compiled in his honor. Following a brief biography that celebrates the ca...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,218 Views
19 Pages

Melatonin Improves Salt Tolerance in Tomato Seedlings by Enhancing Photosystem II Functionality and Calvin Cycle Activity

  • Xianjun Chen,
  • Bi Chen,
  • Yao Jiang,
  • Jianwei Zhang,
  • Mingjie Liu,
  • Qin Yang and
  • Huiying Liu

11 June 2025

Salt stress severely impairs photosynthesis and development in tomato seedlings. This study investigated the regulatory role of exogenous melatonin (MT) on photosynthetic performance under salt stress by determining chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,720 Views
15 Pages

21 October 2020

The Calvin–Benson cycle is the key metabolic pathway of photosynthesis responsible for carbon fixation and relies on eleven conserved enzymes. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI) isomerizes ribose-5-phosphate into ribulose-5-phosphate and contri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,422 Views
19 Pages

The concerted regulation of chloroplast biosynthetic pathways and NADPH extrusion via malate valve depends on f and m thioredoxins (Trxs). The finding that decreased levels of the thiol-peroxidase 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx) suppress the severe phenoty...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
14,779 Views
13 Pages

20 April 2017

This article highlights the important initial tasks of excavating the pertinent contexts of the sixteenth-century Protestant reformers and discerning what is at stake for them (i.e., “unearthing logic”) in order to analyze their views of and teaching...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
1,622 Views
21 Pages

27 December 2024

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are recognized for their ability to enhance plant salt tolerance. While considerable research has focused on their effects under neutral salt conditions, the mechanisms through which BRs regulate photosynthesis under alkaline s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
71 Citations
15,043 Views
17 Pages

18 June 2021

The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is divided into an oxidative branch that makes pentose phosphates and a non-oxidative branch that consumes pentose phosphates, though the non-oxidative branch is considered reversible. A modified version of the non...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,566 Views
17 Pages

8 August 2024

How do individuals find assurance of their personal standing before God? This article discusses the way different traditions of the Christian faith tried to answer the question—some leaving room for doubt in the process and others demanding abs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,957 Views
20 Pages

12 January 2023

Spermine (SPM) and salicylic acid (SA) are plant growth regulators, eliciting specific responses against salt toxicity. In this study, the potential role of 30 mgL−1 SPM and/or 100 mgL−1 SA in preventing salt damage was investigated. Whea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,302 Views
21 Pages

10 April 2023

Plants are sessile, and their ability to reprogram their metabolism to adapt to fluctuations in soil water level is crucial but not clearly understood. A study was performed to determine alterations in intermediate metabolites involved in central car...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,684 Views
14 Pages

A large number of plastidial thioredoxins (TRX) are present in chloroplast and the specificity versus the redundancy of their functions is currently under discussion. Several results have highlighted the fact that each TRX has a specific target prote...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
1,913 Views
18 Pages

8 November 2023

Soil salinity is a severe threat to agricultural production. Most saline soils turn alkaline, increasing the soil pH and, in turn, hampering the growth and development of crops. In this study, the effects of a foliar spray of melatonin (MT; 100 μm...

  • Review
  • Open Access
49 Citations
18,857 Views
13 Pages

Research Progress in Improving Photosynthetic Efficiency

  • Ruiqi Li,
  • Ying He,
  • Junyu Chen,
  • Shaoyan Zheng and
  • Chuxiong Zhuang

Photosynthesis is the largest mass- and energy-conversion process on Earth, and it is the material basis for almost all biological activities. The efficiency of converting absorbed light energy into energy substances during photosynthesis is very low...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
7,816 Views
11 Pages

26 August 2013

Calcium plays an important role in the regulation of several chloroplast processes. However, very little is still understood about the calcium fluxes or calcium-binding proteins present in plastids. Indeed, classical EF-hand containing calcium-bindin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
5,491 Views
17 Pages

Crystal Structure of Chloroplastic Thioredoxin f2 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Reveals Distinct Surface Properties

  • Stéphane D. Lemaire,
  • Daniele Tedesco,
  • Pierre Crozet,
  • Laure Michelet,
  • Simona Fermani,
  • Mirko Zaffagnini and
  • Julien Henri

23 November 2018

Protein disulfide reduction by thioredoxins (TRXs) controls the conformation of enzyme active sites and their multimeric complex formation. TRXs are small oxidoreductases that are broadly conserved in all living organisms. In photosynthetic eukaryote...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,342 Views
21 Pages

Managing Aquifer Recharge to Overcome Overdraft in the Lower American River, California, USA

  • Mahesh L. Maskey,
  • Mustafa S. Dogan,
  • Angel Santiago Fernandez-Bou,
  • Liying Li,
  • Alexander Guzman,
  • Wyatt Arnold,
  • Erfan Goharian,
  • Jay R. Lund and
  • Josue Medellin-Azuara

18 March 2022

Frequent and prolonged droughts challenge groundwater sustainability in California but managing aquifer recharge can help to partially offset groundwater overdraft. Here, we use managed aquifer recharge (MAR) to examine potential benefits of adding a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,927 Views
18 Pages

Reduction in Phosphoribulokinase Amount and Re-Routing Metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CP12 Mutants

  • Cassy Gérard,
  • Régine Lebrun,
  • Erwan Lemesle,
  • Luisana Avilan,
  • Kwang Suk Chang,
  • EonSeon Jin,
  • Frédéric Carrière,
  • Brigitte Gontero and
  • Hélène Launay

28 February 2022

The chloroplast protein CP12 is involved in the dark/light regulation of the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, in particular, in the dark inhibition of two enzymes: glyceraldehyde−3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and phosphoribulokinase...

  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
5,352 Views
16 Pages

The Assembly of Super-Complexes in the Plant Chloroplast

  • Kezhen Qin,
  • Alisdair R. Fernie and
  • Youjun Zhang

7 December 2021

Increasing evidence has revealed that the enzymes of several biological pathways assemble into larger supramolecular structures called super-complexes. Indeed, those such as association of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes play an essenti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,646 Views
23 Pages

Flexibility of Oxidized and Reduced States of the Chloroplast Regulatory Protein CP12 in Isolation and in Cell Extracts

  • Helene Launay,
  • Hui Shao,
  • Olivier Bornet,
  • Francois-Xavier Cantrelle,
  • Regine Lebrun,
  • Veronique Receveur-Brechot and
  • Brigitte Gontero

In the chloroplast, Calvin–Benson–Bassham enzymes are active in the reducing environment created in the light by electrons from the photosystems. In the dark, these enzymes are inhibited, mainly caused by oxidation of key regulatory cysteine residues...

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,498 Views
16 Pages

A Trajectory of Discovery: Metabolic Regulation by the Conditionally Disordered Chloroplast Protein, CP12

  • Cassy Gérard,
  • Frédéric Carrière,
  • Véronique Receveur-Bréchot,
  • Hélène Launay and
  • Brigitte Gontero

28 July 2022

The chloroplast protein CP12, which is widespread in photosynthetic organisms, belongs to the intrinsically disordered proteins family. This small protein (80 amino acid residues long) presents a bias in its composition; it is enriched in charged ami...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,364 Views
18 Pages

2 August 2021

French Protestantism has remained famous in the history of political thought mostly for its theories regarding popular sovereignty and the right of the people to resist and replace a tyrannical ruler. However, before the civil wars pushed them on thi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
9,895 Views
40 Pages

Photosynthesis: Genetic Strategies Adopted to Gain Higher Efficiency

  • Naveed Khan,
  • Seok-Hyun Choi,
  • Choon-Hwan Lee,
  • Mingnan Qu and
  • Jong-Seong Jeon

16 August 2024

The global challenge of feeding an ever-increasing population to maintain food security requires novel approaches to increase crop yields. Photosynthesis, the fundamental energy and material basis for plant life on Earth, is highly responsive to envi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,857 Views
22 Pages

Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression Plasticity in Stipa grandis in Response to Grazing Intensity Differences

  • Zhenhua Dang,
  • Yuanyuan Jia,
  • Yunyun Tian,
  • Jiabin Li,
  • Yanan Zhang,
  • Lei Huang,
  • Cunzhu Liang,
  • Peter J. Lockhart,
  • Cory Matthew and
  • Frank Yonghong Li

2 November 2021

Organisms have evolved effective and distinct adaptive strategies to survive. Stipa grandis is a representative species for studying the grazing effect on typical steppe plants in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Although phenotypic (morphological and phy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,786 Views
25 Pages

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of FBA Gene Family in Polyploid Crop Brassica napus

  • Wei Zhao,
  • Hongfang Liu,
  • Liang Zhang,
  • Zhiyong Hu,
  • Jun Liu,
  • Wei Hua,
  • Shouming Xu and
  • Jing Liu

15 November 2019

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a versatile metabolic enzyme involved in multiple important processes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and Calvin cycle. Despite its significance in plant biology, the identity of this gene family in oil cro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,081 Views
23 Pages

29 September 2024

François Hotman (1524–1590) was one of the leading Reformed jurisconsults of his time. Past research has stressed his innovative interpretations and practices in the study of Roman, feudal, and French constitutional law. Little has yet b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,162 Views
14 Pages

10 December 2019

Azolla is a genus of aquatic ferns that engages in a unique symbiosis with a cyanobiont that is resistant to cultivation. Azolla spp. are earmarked as a possible candidate to mitigate greenhouse gases, in particular, carbon dioxide. That opinion is u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,225 Views
23 Pages

Golden 2-like Transcription Factors Regulate Photosynthesis under UV-B Stress by Regulating the Calvin Cycle

  • Xiangru Zhou,
  • Wang Yu,
  • Fushuai Gong,
  • Hongwei Xu,
  • Jie Lyu and
  • Xiaofu Zhou

5 July 2024

UV-B stress can affect plant growth at different levels, and although there is a multitude of evidence confirming the effects of UV-B radiation on plant photosynthesis, there are fewer studies using physiological assays in combination with multi-omic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,810 Views
13 Pages

Recently, grafting has been used to improve abiotic stress resistance in crops. Here, using watermelon ‘Zaojia 8424’ (Citrullus lanatus) as scions, three different gourds (Lagenaria siceraria, 0526, 2505, and 1226) as rootstocks, and non-grafted plan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,353 Views
16 Pages

Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase, EC 3.1.3.37) is a key enzyme in the plant Calvin cycle and one of the main rate-limiting enzymes in the plant photosynthesis pathway. Many studies have demonstrated that the SBPase gene plays an important rol...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
6,829 Views
15 Pages

27 December 2016

American evangelicalism has often been punctuated by dual commitments to the United States and to God. Those commitments were strongest within politically conservative evangelicalism. Though representing a solid majority among professing evangelicals...

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
6,756 Views
23 Pages

Ascorbate and Thiamin: Metabolic Modulators in Plant Acclimation Responses

  • Laise Rosado-Souza,
  • Alisdair R. Fernie and
  • Fayezeh Aarabi

13 January 2020

Cell compartmentalization allows incompatible chemical reactions and localised responses to occur simultaneously, however, it also requires a complex system of communication between compartments in order to maintain the functionality of vital process...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,121 Views
20 Pages

16 February 2024

The “Young, Restless, Reformed” movement has sought to establish itself upon reformational foundations rooted within the sixteenth century. The new movement’s undertaking, however, has virtually ignored the differences between its o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,160 Views
16 Pages

24 March 2023

From 1998 to 2005, the once left-wing Protestant Dutch broadcasting company VPRO aired 26 episodes of The White Cowboy, including the episode ‘De Kerkgangers’ (‘The Churchgoers’). In this article, the author argues that this e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
23,388 Views
10 Pages

28 June 2020

This essay argues that in Ibsen’s A Doll House, both Nora and her husband, Torvald Helmer, exhibit a “religion of Torvald” characterized by their respective devotion to Torvald himself. However, while Torvald’s devotion to him...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,712 Views
13 Pages

31 March 2017

This article shares objectives, teaching methods, and sources of inspiration as I lead 21st-century students in engaging a Reformed/Calvinistic vision for the arts generally, and music specifically. Special explanation is made of Calvinistic concepts...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
11,846 Views
22 Pages

Hamlet’s Religions

  • Peter Iver Kaufman

6 September 2011

Pastoral challenges prompted pietists among Elizabethan Catholics and Calvinists to commend what historians now call an inward turn whereby the faithful, in a sense, become their own confessors. This article suggests that spiritual exercises or solil...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
4,205 Views
30 Pages

Effects of Different Forms and Proportions of Nitrogen on the Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics, and Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Tomato

  • Jianhong Sun,
  • Li Jin,
  • Ruirui Li,
  • Xin Meng,
  • Ning Jin,
  • Shuya Wang,
  • Zhiqi Xu,
  • Zitong Liu,
  • Jian Lyu and
  • Jinhua Yu

15 December 2023

Optimal plant growth in many species is achieved when the two major forms of N are supplied at a particular ratio. This study investigated optimal nitrogen forms and ratios for tomato growth using the ‘Jingfan 502’ tomato variety. Thirtee...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,176 Views
19 Pages

22 October 2024

This article explores the theme of youth gaming in the Calvinist Republic of Geneva. This investigation is largely based on disciplinary cases found in the registers of the Consistory of Geneva. Legislative sources, and the registers of the Pastor&rs...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,249 Views
18 Pages

17 December 2018

“Religions in Shakespeare’s Writings,” the title of this special issue, can prompt consideration not only of singular exceptions to the normative religious landscape but also of the ideas that support the banner under which a plural...

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