Scholars have connected Calvin’s idea of the imago Dei with the modern concept of inherent human dignity. Others have emphasized how Calvin tried to use the image of God to promote the significance of human dignity without connecting it with po...
COVID-19 has taught us that whom one surrounds oneself with has a profound influence on one’s well-being. In that light, does whom we worship with matter as well? John Calvin would in fact argue that the people we physically worship with have a...
Inheritors of the Calvinist Reformed tradition have long disagreed about whether knowledge of God’s nature and existence can be or need be acquired inferentially by means of the standard arguments of natural theology. Nonetheless, they have tradition...
John Calvin holds that the fall radically changed humanity’s moral and epistemic capacities. Recognizing that should lead Christian philosophers to see that philosophical questions require at least two sets of answers: one reflecting our nature and c...
Martyrdom in the sixteenth-century French and Swiss Reformations has long been an exciting area of research for scholars. However, the subject has almost exclusively been studied through large collections called the “martyrologies” or thr...
This editorial is written to recognize Professor Emeritus Calvin H. Bartholomew, who celebrated his 75th birthday in 2018, and to introduce the commemorative issue of Catalysts compiled in his honor. Following a brief biography that celebrates the ca...
Salt stress severely impairs photosynthesis and development in tomato seedlings. This study investigated the regulatory role of exogenous melatonin (MT) on photosynthetic performance under salt stress by determining chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a...
The Calvin–Benson cycle is the key metabolic pathway of photosynthesis responsible for carbon fixation and relies on eleven conserved enzymes. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI) isomerizes ribose-5-phosphate into ribulose-5-phosphate and contri...
The concerted regulation of chloroplast biosynthetic pathways and NADPH extrusion via malate valve depends on f and m thioredoxins (Trxs). The finding that decreased levels of the thiol-peroxidase 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prx) suppress the severe phenoty...
This article highlights the important initial tasks of excavating the pertinent contexts of the sixteenth-century Protestant reformers and discerning what is at stake for them (i.e., “unearthing logic”) in order to analyze their views of and teaching...
Over the past decade, Reformed Christianity, broadly based on the theology of Calvinism, has spread widely in China, especially by appealing to Chinese ‘intellectuals’ who constitute most of the house church leaders in urban areas. It dra...
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are recognized for their ability to enhance plant salt tolerance. While considerable research has focused on their effects under neutral salt conditions, the mechanisms through which BRs regulate photosynthesis under alkaline s...
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is divided into an oxidative branch that makes pentose phosphates and a non-oxidative branch that consumes pentose phosphates, though the non-oxidative branch is considered reversible. A modified version of the non...
How do individuals find assurance of their personal standing before God? This article discusses the way different traditions of the Christian faith tried to answer the question—some leaving room for doubt in the process and others demanding abs...
Spermine (SPM) and salicylic acid (SA) are plant growth regulators, eliciting specific responses against salt toxicity. In this study, the potential role of 30 mgL−1 SPM and/or 100 mgL−1 SA in preventing salt damage was investigated. Whea...
Plants are sessile, and their ability to reprogram their metabolism to adapt to fluctuations in soil water level is crucial but not clearly understood. A study was performed to determine alterations in intermediate metabolites involved in central car...
A large number of plastidial thioredoxins (TRX) are present in chloroplast and the specificity versus the redundancy of their functions is currently under discussion. Several results have highlighted the fact that each TRX has a specific target prote...
Soil salinity is a severe threat to agricultural production. Most saline soils turn alkaline, increasing the soil pH and, in turn, hampering the growth and development of crops. In this study, the effects of a foliar spray of melatonin (MT; 100 μm...
With the emergence of the modern quest for the historical Jesus, theologians began increasingly questioning traditional views of Jesus as a healer of human bodies. While a growing suspicion of Jesus’s role as a literal healer of the body is com...
Photosynthesis is the largest mass- and energy-conversion process on Earth, and it is the material basis for almost all biological activities. The efficiency of converting absorbed light energy into energy substances during photosynthesis is very low...
Calcium plays an important role in the regulation of several chloroplast processes. However, very little is still understood about the calcium fluxes or calcium-binding proteins present in plastids. Indeed, classical EF-hand containing calcium-bindin...
Protein disulfide reduction by thioredoxins (TRXs) controls the conformation of enzyme active sites and their multimeric complex formation. TRXs are small oxidoreductases that are broadly conserved in all living organisms. In photosynthetic eukaryote...
Frequent and prolonged droughts challenge groundwater sustainability in California but managing aquifer recharge can help to partially offset groundwater overdraft. Here, we use managed aquifer recharge (MAR) to examine potential benefits of adding a...
The chloroplast protein CP12 is involved in the dark/light regulation of the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, in particular, in the dark inhibition of two enzymes: glyceraldehyde−3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and phosphoribulokinase...
Increasing evidence has revealed that the enzymes of several biological pathways assemble into larger supramolecular structures called super-complexes. Indeed, those such as association of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes play an essenti...
In the chloroplast, Calvin–Benson–Bassham enzymes are active in the reducing environment created in the light by electrons from the photosystems. In the dark, these enzymes are inhibited, mainly caused by oxidation of key regulatory cysteine residues...
The chloroplast protein CP12, which is widespread in photosynthetic organisms, belongs to the intrinsically disordered proteins family. This small protein (80 amino acid residues long) presents a bias in its composition; it is enriched in charged ami...
French Protestantism has remained famous in the history of political thought mostly for its theories regarding popular sovereignty and the right of the people to resist and replace a tyrannical ruler. However, before the civil wars pushed them on thi...
The global challenge of feeding an ever-increasing population to maintain food security requires novel approaches to increase crop yields. Photosynthesis, the fundamental energy and material basis for plant life on Earth, is highly responsive to envi...
Organisms have evolved effective and distinct adaptive strategies to survive. Stipa grandis is a representative species for studying the grazing effect on typical steppe plants in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. Although phenotypic (morphological and phy...
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a versatile metabolic enzyme involved in multiple important processes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and Calvin cycle. Despite its significance in plant biology, the identity of this gene family in oil cro...
François Hotman (1524–1590) was one of the leading Reformed jurisconsults of his time. Past research has stressed his innovative interpretations and practices in the study of Roman, feudal, and French constitutional law. Little has yet b...
Azolla is a genus of aquatic ferns that engages in a unique symbiosis with a cyanobiont that is resistant to cultivation. Azolla spp. are earmarked as a possible candidate to mitigate greenhouse gases, in particular, carbon dioxide. That opinion is u...
UV-B stress can affect plant growth at different levels, and although there is a multitude of evidence confirming the effects of UV-B radiation on plant photosynthesis, there are fewer studies using physiological assays in combination with multi-omic...
Recently, grafting has been used to improve abiotic stress resistance in crops. Here, using watermelon ‘Zaojia 8424’ (Citrullus lanatus) as scions, three different gourds (Lagenaria siceraria, 0526, 2505, and 1226) as rootstocks, and non-grafted plan...
Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase, EC 3.1.3.37) is a key enzyme in the plant Calvin cycle and one of the main rate-limiting enzymes in the plant photosynthesis pathway. Many studies have demonstrated that the SBPase gene plays an important rol...
American evangelicalism has often been punctuated by dual commitments to the United States and to God. Those commitments were strongest within politically conservative evangelicalism. Though representing a solid majority among professing evangelicals...
This introduction to the Special Issue “Teaching the Reformations” summarizes the volume’s essays and discusses the conference at which they were presented.
Cell compartmentalization allows incompatible chemical reactions and localised responses to occur simultaneously, however, it also requires a complex system of communication between compartments in order to maintain the functionality of vital process...
The “Young, Restless, Reformed” movement has sought to establish itself upon reformational foundations rooted within the sixteenth century. The new movement’s undertaking, however, has virtually ignored the differences between its o...
From 1998 to 2005, the once left-wing Protestant Dutch broadcasting company VPRO aired 26 episodes of The White Cowboy, including the episode ‘De Kerkgangers’ (‘The Churchgoers’). In this article, the author argues that this e...
This essay argues that in Ibsen’s A Doll House, both Nora and her husband, Torvald Helmer, exhibit a “religion of Torvald” characterized by their respective devotion to Torvald himself. However, while Torvald’s devotion to him...
This article shares objectives, teaching methods, and sources of inspiration as I lead 21st-century students in engaging a Reformed/Calvinistic vision for the arts generally, and music specifically. Special explanation is made of Calvinistic concepts...
Challenges the ideal of scripture vs. tradition as a manner of separating Protestants from Catholics in the early modern period, to argue instead that historians should be setting out a continuum of continuity with the medieval inheritance, and consi...
Shakespeare’s plays mix references to pagan and Christian symbols and ideas in ways which are only superficially contradictory. While the sometimes uneasy juxtaposition of classical and Christian religious thought is characteristic of Renaissan...
Pastoral challenges prompted pietists among Elizabethan Catholics and Calvinists to commend what historians now call an inward turn whereby the faithful, in a sense, become their own confessors. This article suggests that spiritual exercises or solil...
Spinoza recognizes that worldly pleasures are not contrary to the life of the philosophical sage, but such pursuits must be carefully directed. He distinguishes between a joy that affects only some parts of the body (titillatio) and joy that extends...
Optimal plant growth in many species is achieved when the two major forms of N are supplied at a particular ratio. This study investigated optimal nitrogen forms and ratios for tomato growth using the ‘Jingfan 502’ tomato variety. Thirtee...
This article explores the theme of youth gaming in the Calvinist Republic of Geneva. This investigation is largely based on disciplinary cases found in the registers of the Consistory of Geneva. Legislative sources, and the registers of the Pastor&rs...
“Religions in Shakespeare’s Writings,” the title of this special issue, can prompt consideration not only of singular exceptions to the normative religious landscape but also of the ideas that support the banner under which a plural...
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