Precision Nutrition and Host Health: Microbiome-Targeted Therapeutics

The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem of trillions of microorganisms that collectively perform essential biochemical functions, including the fermentation of dietary substrates and the production of short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, and other metabolites that influence the host’s physiology. This microbial community engages in bidirectional communication with the host through several interconnected pathways. Recent advances in metagenomic and metabolomic technologies have revealed that the gut microbiome profoundly influences digestion, immune system development, energy metabolism, and protection against pathogens. Dysbiosis has been linked to numerous conditions, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, neurological conditions, and cancer.

This Special Issue will focus on the intricate interplay between nutrition, the gut microbiota, and human health outcomes. Key areas of emphasis include how dietary patterns and specific nutrients shape microbial composition and function, the role of microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids in modulating host immunity and metabolism, and the therapeutic potential of microbiota-targeted interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary modifications. Evidence supports the notion that precision nutrition targeting the gut microbiota represents a promising frontier for optimizing individual health outcomes through personalized dietary interventions. 

We aim to translate the evolving knowledge of diet–microbiome–host interactions into precision nutrition frameworks that strategically modulate the gut microbiota to enhance health and mitigate disease.

Dr. Pauline Celine Raoul
Guest Editor

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