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Distributed Learning and Control in Multi-Agent and Robotic Systems: Methodologies, Applications, and Future Trends

A Special Issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292) belonging to the section "Artificial Intelligence".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 November 2026 | Viewed by 687

Editors


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Guest Editor
Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60-62, 80992 Munich, Bavaria, Germany
Interests: multi-agent systems; machine learning; control theory; robotics; data representation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The distributed control of multi-agent systems has emerged as a fundamental paradigm for coordinating complex networks of autonomous agents, ranging from robotic swarms to smart grid systems. As modern applications increasingly rely on collaborative autonomous systems, the need for efficient, scalable, and robust distributed control strategies has become paramount. This Special Issue will focus on innovative theoretical frameworks, algorithms, and practical implementations for the distributed control of multi-agent systems and robots.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Distributed optimization and coordinated control of multi-agent systems;
  • Reinforcement learning and adaptive control in multi-agent environments;
  • Fault-tolerant and resilient control systems for multi-agent networks;
  • Cooperative and competitive multi-agent systems with game-theoretic approaches;
  • Distributed estimation and localization in multi-robot systems;
  • Communication-efficient control protocols for sparse networks;
  • Heterogeneous agent collaboration and coordination strategies;
  • Smart grid applications with the distributed control of renewable energy sources;
  • Autonomous vehicle coordination and traffic management systems;
  • Privacy preservation in distributed multi-agent networks.

Dr. Zewen Yang
Prof. Dr. Ying Tan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • distributed learning
  • multi-agent control
  • multi-agent reinforcement learning
  • decentralized coordination
  • cooperative robotics
  • consensus algorithms
  • federated learning
  • distributed optimization
  • networked control systems

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

28 pages, 6187 KB  
Article
Decentralized Learning and Control of Multi-Microrobots in Complex Hemodynamic Environments
by Truong Nhut Huynh and Kim-Doang Nguyen
Electronics 2026, 15(15), 3405; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15153405 - 1 Aug 2026
Viewed by 237
Abstract
Autonomous microrobot teams have significant potential for distributed drug delivery, cooperative vascular intervention, and parallelized biomedical diagnostics. However, coordinated control in cardiovascular environments remains challenging due to partial observability, limited communication bandwidth, and hydrodynamically coupled pulsatile blood flow. This paper introduces Decentralized Hemodynamic-Aware [...] Read more.
Autonomous microrobot teams have significant potential for distributed drug delivery, cooperative vascular intervention, and parallelized biomedical diagnostics. However, coordinated control in cardiovascular environments remains challenging due to partial observability, limited communication bandwidth, and hydrodynamically coupled pulsatile blood flow. This paper introduces Decentralized Hemodynamic-Aware Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (DH-MARL), a distributed learning and control framework in which individual microrobots learn decentralized policies from local observations while graph-based attention mechanisms model inter-agent interactions during centralized training. The proposed framework integrates turbulence-aware adaptive exploration, reduced-order hydrodynamic interaction modeling, diffusion-based local communication, and hemodynamic-aware counterfactual credit assignment to improve cooperative learning and role specialization in dynamic vascular environments. A scalable Unity-based simulator supporting coupled pulsatile flow for up to 32 agents was developed for training and evaluation. Our experimentalresults cover four therapeutic scenarios: distributed drug delivery, cooperative clot dispersion, stenosis mapping, and vessel bottleneck traversal. For 16-agent teams, DH-MARL reaches an 88.7% team success rate. This performance exceeds independent single-agent controllers and centralized MAPPO baselines, and inter-robot collision rates remain below 4%. The learned policies generalize to unseen team sizes with minimal performance degradation, highlighting the scalability and robustness of the proposed decentralized control strategy. These simulation-level results demonstrate the feasibility of distributed reinforcement learning and graph-based coordination as a control paradigm for future multi-agent microrobot systems in biomedical environments. The results also provide a foundation for the calibration of subsequent microfluidic, ex vivo, and preclinical experiments. Full article
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