DNA impurities can impact the safety of genetically engineered pharmaceuticals; thus, a specific limit value must be set for them during marketing authorisation. This particularly applies to mRNA vaccines, as large quantities of DNA templates are use...
As an essential characterization, size distribution is an important indicator for the synthesis, optimization, and application of nanoparticles. Electron microscopes such as transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) are commonly utilized to collect si...
Tn5 transposase use in biotechnology has substantially advanced the sequencing applications of genome-wide analysis of cells. This is mainly due to the ability of Tn5 transposase to efficiently transpose DNA essentially randomly into any target DNA w...
The development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represents a significant milestone in both basic research and clinical applications due to their target specificity and versatility in therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The innovative strategy of...
This study critically investigates the aluminium chloride–based colorimetric determination of the total flavonoid content (TFC) of honey. Following a comprehensive review of the recent literature reporting the use of the assay in the determinat...
The generation of bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells is a widely used approach in immunological research to study antigen processing and presentation, as well as T-cell activation responses. However, the initial step of isolating the bone marrow can...
Sucralose stands as the most common non-nutritive sweetener; however, its metabolic effects have sparked significant controversy over the years. We aim to examine the effects of sucralose daily intake on glycemia, subjective appetite, and gut microbi...
Traditional Western blotting is one of the most used analytical techniques in biological research. However, it can be time-consuming and suffer from a lack of reproducibility. Consequently, devices with different degrees of automation have been devel...
In establishing the safety or tolerability profile of bioactive plant extracts, it is important to perform toxicity studies using appropriate, accessible, and sustainable methods. The Allium cepa model is well known and frequently used for accurate e...
Background: The isokinetic dynamometry is considered a gold standard in muscle strength testing. The reliability of lower limb isokinetic strength measurements has not been thoroughly evaluated. Objective: To examine the test−retest reliability...
Imaging flow cytometry (ImFC) represents a significant technological advancement in the field of cytometry, effectively merging the high-throughput capabilities of flow analysis with the detailed imaging characteristics of microscopy. In our comprehe...
The first step in anthropological study is the positive identification of human remains, which can be a challenging undertaking when bones are broken. When bone pieces from different species are mixed together, it can be crucial to distinguish betwee...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful system for the expression of genome-wide or combinatorial libraries for diverse types of screening. However, expressing large libraries in yeast requires high-efficiency transformation and controlled expression....
Recent advances in genomic technologies have enabled more in-depth study of the oral microbiome. In this study, we compared the amplicons generated by primers targeting different sites of the 16S rRNA gene found in the Human Oral Microbiome Database...
Loss of lysosomal membrane integrity results in leakage of lysosomal hydrolases to the cytosol which might harm cell function and induce cell death. Destabilization of lysosomes often precede apoptotic or necrotic cell death and occur during both phy...
Knowledge of the geometric quantities of the erythrocyte is useful in several physiological studies, both for zoologists and veterinarians. While the diameter and volume (MCV) are easily obtained from observations of blood smears and complete blood c...
The affinity constant, also known as the equilibrium constant, binding constant, equilibrium association constant, or the reciprocal value, the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd), can be considered as one of the most important characteristics for...
Hormonal changes and physiological alterations in pregnancy increase the susceptibility of the woman to oral diseases such as plaque-induced gingivitis. In individual oral prophylaxis, effective tooth brushing can reduce gingival inflammation. Theref...
Used in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) for peptides with an acid termination, the 2-chlorotrityl chloride (2-CTC) resin is highly susceptible to moisture, leading to reduced resin loading and lower synthetic yields. It is therefore recommended...
Background: Essential oils have gained in significance due to their various biological activities, and there is a growing demand for them in many industries. The present article focuses on the technical steps for an in vitro evaluation of the antibac...
One approach to enhance the bioavailability and half-life of peptides in vivo is through N-methylation of one or more of the amino acids within the peptide sequence. However, commercially available Fmoc-N-Me-AA-OHs are limited and often expensive. In...
The detection and quantification of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is a crucial technique that often involves the use of recombinant proteins with fusion protein tags, such as maltose-binding protein (MBP) and glutathione-S-transferase (GS...
Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a method utilized for producing proteins without the limits of cell viability. The plug-and-play utility of CFPS is a key advantage over traditional plasmid-based expression systems and is foundational to the pot...
While the general reliability of the Y balance test has been previously found to be excellent, earlier reviews highlighted a need for a more consistent methodology between studies. The purpose of this test–retest intrarater reliability study wa...
The proteolytic activity of enzymes may be evaluated by a colorimetric method with azocasein. Hence, we developed a micro-assay to quantify bromelain using azocasein. A total of 250 µL of 1.0% azocasein in dH2O was added to 250 µL of test...
The scratch assay is an in vitro assay that allows for high-throughput quantification of wound closure by keratinocytes and fibroblasts with relative ease. However, this assay is amenable to experimental variables, which can result in false-positive...
A histological examination is an important tool in embryology, developmental biology, and correlated areas. Despite the amount of information available about tissue embedding and different media, there is a lack of information regarding best practice...
The horizontal flatbed electrophoresis method is employed to separate protein samples, providing greater flexibility for various electrophoretic applications and easier sample loading compared to its vertical counterpart. In the currently available e...
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most widely farmed tilapia species globally, making it one of the most important aquaculture species. To meet increasing demand, hatcheries occasionally use artificial breeding techniques such as hormonal i...
Background: Pole dancing is a physically demanding sport that combines dance and acrobatic movements on a vertical pole. Despite its highly growing popularity, there is currently limited research in the field. The aim of this study was to create and...
In the last few decades, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has led to a paradigm shift in the treatment of hematological malignancies, including various subtypes of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia...
Core stability is fundamental to posture, balance, and force transmission throughout the kinetic chain. Although traditionally associated with athletic performance, emerging research highlights its broader applicability to recreational fitness. This...
Quinine is known for treating malaria, muscle cramps, and, more recently, has been used as an additive in tonic water due to its bitter taste. However, it was shown that excessive consumption of quinine can have severe side effects on health. In this...
Drosophila melanogaster is an excellent model for dissecting innate immune signaling and functions. Humoral and cellular immune mechanisms in the fly take place in the hemolymph, where host defense components are secreted and act in response to micro...
Serratiopeptidase, a bacterial metalloprotease known for its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties, can be produced through fermentation with S. marcescens. This study aimed to identify key factors related to nutrient composition and physic...
Concept mapping is a phased, mixed-method approach that is increasingly used in health research to develop an understanding of complex phenomena. The six phases of concept mapping are preparation, idea generation, structuring (clustering and prioriti...
The aim of this research is to define optimal conditions to improve the stability of gold and silver nanoparticles’ anti-zearalenone antibody conjugates for their utilisation in lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA). The Turkevich&nda...
Flow cytometry gives a unique opportunity to analyze thousands of individual cells for multiple parameters in a course of minutes. The most commonly used flow cytometry application in plant biology is estimation of nuclear DNA content. This becomes a...
The human milk microbiota (HMM) of healthy women can vary substantially, as demonstrated by recent advances in DNA sequencing technology. However, the method used to extract genomic DNA (gDNA) from these samples may impact the observed variations and...
The European Union’s recent decision to renew the authorization for the use of glyphosate until 15 December 2033 has stimulated scientific discussion all around the world regarding its toxicity or otherwise for humans. Glyphosate is a chemical...
We describe a workflow for efficient, environmentally attentive, and sustainable practices related to routine agarose gel electrophoresis. The methods reduce plastic waste and improve efficiency, especially for the exhaustive screening of difficult-t...
Background: The health of children’s lower extremities and feet is a focus area for caregivers and healthcare professionals such as doctors, school nurses, and podiatrists. Our study aims to investigate the general health status of Danish child...
Insulin is a hormone produced by β-cells of the pancreas and controls the amount of sugar in the blood. Since its discovery over 100 years ago, insulin has been used as a life-saving treatment for people with diabetes. Historically, the biologic...
Our objectives are to perform (1) an umbrella review on diet and depression, (2) a systematic review update on dietary patterns and depression, and (3) updated meta-analyses using studies from the previous two objectives. Systematic reviews examining...
Artificial intelligence (AI) is gaining increasing interest in the field of medicine because of its capacity to process big data and pattern recognition. Cardiotocography (CTG) is widely used for the assessment of foetal well-being and uterine contra...
Rice is one of the apex food crops in terms of meeting the daily calorific and dietary requirement of the majority of the world population. However, rice productivity is severely limited by various biotic and abiotic attributes, causing a severe thre...
Whole-brain imaging is important for understanding brain functions through deciphering tissue structures, neuronal circuits, and single-neuron tracing. Thus, many clearing methods have been developed to acquire whole-brain images or images of three-d...
Although 2D in vitro cancer cell cultures have been used for decades as a first line-of-research tool to investigate antitumoral drugs and treatments, their use presents many drawbacks, including the poor resemblance of such cultures to the character...
Background: Accurate assessment of drug cytotoxicity in vitro is essential for preclinical evaluation of anticancer agents. Methodological parameters such as cell density and solvent concentrations can significantly influence the reproducibility and...
In ophthalmic research, there is a strong need for in vitro corneal cell models. Here, we describe different protocols for the cultivation of primary corneal cells that were isolated from porcine eyes. This primary cell culture can be used to test ne...
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