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IoT, Volume 7, Issue 3

2026 September - 33 articles

Cover Story: What if IoT, AI, GIS, AIM, and simulation could speak the same language? OSI4IOT brings these technologies together in an open-source, web-based platform for building live Digital Twins. From real-time sensor data to 3D visualisation and FEM-based simulation, the platform connects physical assets with their digital counterparts through a modular and extensible architecture. A structural demonstrator shows how data, models, and simulations can work together in a unified environment, opening the door to scalable Digital Twin applications across engineering and industrial domains. View this paper
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Articles (33)

  • Article
  • Open Access
509 Views
35 Pages

14 September 2026

For Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT)−oriented condition monitoring of underwater propulsion systems, continuous visual observations can provide rich information on the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of cavitation, while the dir...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT))
  • Article
  • Open Access
355 Views
19 Pages

11 September 2026

Early-exit deep neural networks (DNNs) can reduce edge-inference latency, but abrupt variations in wireless and computing resources can destabilize split-inference policies. This paper proposes a meta-learning-driven adaptive control framework for jo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue IoT Meets AI: Driving the Next Generation of Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
649 Views
28 Pages

Securing Marine Assets: Edge ML and LoRa Mesh Integration for IoT Anti-Theft Systems

  • Damiano Vincenzo Coppola,
  • Miriana Russo,
  • Corrado Santoro,
  • Federico Fausto Santoro and ,
  • Angelo Spadola and
  • Alessio Tudisco
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

9 September 2026

This paper presents a maritime Internet of Things anti-theft architecture based on an ESP32 onboard node, local motion analysis, and LoRa mesh communication. The proposed detection pipeline uses a one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder trained on...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Intelligent Wireless Sensing and IoT)
  • Article
  • Open Access
590 Views
30 Pages

9 September 2026

Internet of Things (IoT) botnet detection requires high predictive performance, low client-side resource demands, and limited exposure of raw traffic data. This paper presents a traffic-constrained multi-client split-learning (TC-SL) intrusion-detect...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue IoT Meets AI: Driving the Next Generation of Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
844 Views
27 Pages

Intelligent Steel Surface Defect Segmentation for Edge-Oriented IIoT Quality Control

  • Matheus Campos,
  • Bruno Augusto Pereira,
  • Moisés Freitas,
  • Adriano C. Pinto and ,
  • Alison de Oliveira Moraes,
  • Renan Sarmento,
  • Arthur H. C. Miranda and
  • Evandro Nohara
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

9 September 2026

Automated surface defect detection in hot-rolled steel is a prerequisite for real-time quality control, yet most deployed inspection systems operate in isolation from Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) infrastructure. This paper reports a laborator...

  • Article
  • Open Access
272 Views
30 Pages

8 September 2026

Passive acoustic monitoring of ocean surface wind speed and rainfall faces severe degradation in shallow waters due to multipath propagation and non-meteorological noise interference. To address these challenges within the Internet of Underwater Thin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT))
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
594 Views
40 Pages

8 September 2026

The convergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) with the Internet of Things (IoT) is driving a transformative shift toward a continuous, context-aware smart healthcare ecosystem. Due to its novelty, existing research in this domain remains fragmented...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue IoT-Based Assistive Technologies and Platforms for Healthcare)
  • Article
  • Open Access
406 Views
24 Pages

8 September 2026

Task offloading in vehicular edge networks must satisfy strict latency limits. At the same time, it must resist security threats such as replay attacks. Existing offloading models treat cryptographic settings as fixed, separate from the scheduling de...

  • Article
  • Open Access
963 Views
30 Pages

IoT-ClinXAI: Explainable Recovery Prediction in Smart Wards with Consensus Feature Selection and Snake Optimization

  • Abu Saleh Molla,
  • Antara Chowdhury,
  • Syed Shariar Alam Shuvo,
  • Afia Tasnim Supty and ,
  • Shahriar Siddique Ayon and
  • Md Habibur Rahman
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

7 September 2026

Patient recovery prediction and hospital length of stay estimation remain critical challenges in healthcare resource allocation and clinical decision-making. Inaccurate discharge planning drives substantial avoidable hospital costs, while existing ma...

  • Article
  • Open Access
861 Views
42 Pages

7 September 2026

Environmental conditions such as inadequate lighting, excessive noise, and poor indoor air quality can negatively affect students’ health, comfort, and academic performance. Although recent Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have enabled low...

  • Article
  • Open Access
404 Views
16 Pages

7 September 2026

Transformer lifecycle data across organizations are typically vertically partitioned among material suppliers, manufacturers, logistics service providers, testing agencies, and operation and maintenance units. This study presents a reproducible multi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
894 Views
36 Pages

Design and Experimental Validation of a LoRa-Based IoT Architecture for Real-Time Monitoring of a Coupled Constructed Wetland Wastewater Treatment System

  • Jesús Mendoza Padilla,
  • Eugenio Escalante Otero,
  • Ximena Vargas-Ramirez,
  • Lina Esquea Arroyo and
  • Daniel Fernando Forero Meriño

31 August 2026

Continuous monitoring of water quality is essential for supporting environmental management and enabling timely decision-making in wastewater treatment facilities. Although numerous Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have been proposed for environmen...

(This article belongs to the Topic Applications of IoT in Multidisciplinary Areas)
  • Review
  • Open Access
795 Views
27 Pages

27 August 2026

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the integration of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and Digital Twin (DT) technologies for intelligent traffic management. It examines the role of key enabling technologies, including the Internet...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue IoT-Driven Smart Cities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,194 Views
25 Pages

Defense Against Information Integrity Attacks in Federated IoT Systems Using Inertial Momentum-Aware IALM-RPCA

  • Oudarja Barman Tanmoy,
  • Sakib Hasan,
  • Adnan Anwar,
  • Md. Al Mamun and ,
  • A B M Mehedi Hasan and
  • Akhlaqur Rahman
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

26 August 2026

While federated learning offers a decentralized approach to model training, ensuring the integrity of the information from each IoT client remains a challenge. This work delves into the dynamics of multi-stage federated learning, its susceptibility t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
496 Views
24 Pages

21 August 2026

Federated, semi-supervised novelty detection is well suited for intrusion detection on resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) nodes: each device learns a model of benign traffic, shares only summary statistics, and does not transmit raw traffi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Intelligent Wireless Sensing and IoT)
  • Article
  • Open Access
723 Views
35 Pages

Heuristic and Metaheuristic Approaches for the Multi-Node Allocation Problem in Large-Scale IoT Networks

  • Murilo Táparo,
  • Jonatas Galvão,
  • Luiz Xavier,
  • Paulo Zimpel and ,
  • Bianca Dantas and
  • Ricardo Santos
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

20 August 2026

The Multi-Node Allocation (MNA) problem in Internet of Things (IoT) networks arises when application requirements exceed the capacity of a single node, requiring job distribution across multiple devices. This problem is challenging in large-scale het...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,774 Views
19 Pages

IoTHolter: An IoT Platform for Continuous Three-Lead ECG Monitoring Using Cellular Connectivity

  • Ruth Escobedo-Carranza,
  • Juan Aguilera-Alvarez,
  • Adriana Guzmán-López,
  • Sergio Olmos-Temois and ,
  • Micael Bravo-Sánchez and
  • Víctor Sámano-Ortega
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

11 August 2026

Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, making continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring essential for the early detection and follow-up of cardiac abnormalities. This study presents an Internet of Things (...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue IoT in Healthcare and Digital Health: IoT Solutions for Real-Time Health Monitoring)
  • Article
  • Open Access
534 Views
39 Pages

M_PUBLISH: A Multi-Topic Publishing Protocol Extension for MQTT-Based IoT Systems

  • Mostafa Kamel Abdelrahman,
  • Ahmed Yahya and
  • Mahmoud Hussein

9 August 2026

The Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol has become one of the most widely used messaging protocols for IoT and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications because of its lightweight publish–subscribe architecture. However,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
451 Views
20 Pages

9 August 2026

Cyberattacks represent a serious threat for the security of network-based systems and are responsible for large economic losses every year. In this context, physical unclonable function (PUF)-based authentication can provide access to the network res...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,311 Views
28 Pages

Internet of Plants (IoP): An IoT-Based Platform for Environmental Monitoring and Phenological Analysis

  • Luis Alberto López-González,
  • Juan José Martínez-Nolasco,
  • Mauro Santoyo-Mora,
  • Mauricio Erazo-Barradas and ,
  • Víctor Sámano-Ortega and
  • Coral Martínez-Nolasco
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

6 August 2026

The Internet of Plants (IoP) represents the convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data analytics, and the Internet of Things (IoT) within protected agricultural systems. This study presents an IoP platform designed to collect, process, and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Spectrum Sensing, Data Fusion and Cybersecurity for Next-Generation IoT)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,178 Views
19 Pages

OSI4IOT: An Advanced Open-Source Platform for Sensor-Driven IoT and Digital Twins Deployment

  • D. Di Capua,
  • R. Pacheco-Blazquez,
  • J. García-Espinosa and
  • A. Pastor

31 July 2026

This paper presents Open Source Integration for Internet of Things (OSI4IOT), an open-source software platform designed to support the integration of sensor-driven Internet of Things (IoT), Asset Information Modelling (AIM), Geographical Information...

  • Article
  • Open Access
644 Views
23 Pages

31 July 2026

IoT gateway–cloud systems support large-scale sensing, monitoring, and control applications, but must operate under finite buffering, dynamic traffic demands, and service interruptions caused by gateway and cloud failures. These challenges can...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,338 Views
33 Pages

Design and Experimental Validation of a Low-Power IoT-Based Smart Irrigation System Using LoRa, ET0, and Crop Water Stress Index for Precision Agriculture

  • Yassine Ayat,
  • Ali El Moussati,
  • Oumayma Rachdi,
  • Maryem Dinar and ,
  • Abdelaziz El Aouni,
  • Hajar Karkri,
  • Mohammed Benzaouia,
  • Wiame Benzekri,
  • Ismail Mir and
  • Abdelmalek Mimouni
  • + 6 authors+ 1 author

27 July 2026

Efficient irrigation management requires complementary information on atmospheric demand, soil conditions, and crop water stress. This study presents a low-power Internet of Things (IoT)-based irrigation system that integrates these components within...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Intelligent Wireless Sensing and IoT)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,089 Views
35 Pages

A Metadata-Driven Execution Model for Unified Integration and Management of Heterogeneous IoT Data Sources

  • Marios Koniaris,
  • Danae Spentzou,
  • Max Friedemann,
  • Helmut Mischo and ,
  • John Soldatos and
  • Georgios Kouzas
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

17 July 2026

Mining operations generate continuous sensor data across heterogeneous repositories with no unified access layer. Existing integration platforms either require centralizing data into new infrastructure or demand extensive pipeline reconfiguration whe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
775 Views
30 Pages

14 July 2026

Smartphone-based plant identification increasingly serves as the edge tier of agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) systems, where models must adapt to crowdsourced data under bandwidth, memory, and energy constraints. No prior work, to our knowledge...

  • Article
  • Open Access
947 Views
30 Pages

9 July 2026

Internet of Things (IoT) devices are increasingly targeted by rapidly evolving malware, yet collaborative detection remains challenged by privacy leakage, noisy and imbalanced training data, and weak integrity guarantees when sharing model updates. T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,073 Views
27 Pages

7 July 2026

Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving IoT intrusion detection, but its effectiveness can be substantially degraded by the combination of heterogeneous non-IID client distributions and severe multi-class imbalance. Und...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
939 Views
18 Pages

5 July 2026

Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a 3GPP-standardised low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology designed for massive machine-type communications in challenging propagation environments. Despite its growing deployment, empirical channel d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
889 Views
32 Pages

2 July 2026

The Social Internet of Things (SIoT) has emerged as a promising paradigm for addressing interoperability, adaptability, and intelligent collaboration challenges in smart city environments. However, existing solutions often provide only partial suppor...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue IoT-Driven Smart Cities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,179 Views
26 Pages

Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Adaptive Protocol Optimization for Heterogeneous IoT Networks in 5G-Enabled Smart Cities

  • Saddam K. Alwane,
  • Shereen S. Jumaa,
  • Muna H. Saleh,
  • Aymen D. Salman and ,
  • Ayad Q. Al-Dujaili and
  • Amjad J. Humaidi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

1 July 2026

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices within 5G-enabled smart city environments has introduced unprecedented challenges in communication protocol management across heterogeneous network architectures. With connected IoT devices...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,117 Views
56 Pages

Systematic Analysis on the Use of AI Techniques in Industrial IoT DDoS Attack Detection, Mitigation, and Prevention

  • Mikiyas Alemayehu,
  • Mohamed Chahine Ghanem,
  • Hamza Kheddar,
  • Dipo Dunsin and
  • Marcio J. Lacerda

30 June 2026

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks pose significant threats to Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environments, exacerbated by the resource constraints of IoT devices and the disruptive impact of such attacks. Conventional detection and p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
906 Views
28 Pages

25 June 2026

A new era in wireless communication has been witnessed by the emergence of fifth generation (5G) technology, characterized by high data rates, ultra-low latency, and massive device connectivity. To address the growing demand for efficient spectrum ut...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,143 Views
25 Pages

25 June 2026

The application of Internet of Things-based ecosystems is growing rapidly. Cyber attacks are also increasing at a similar pace. Intrusion detection using deep learning is getting harder as these devices lack enough resources for a large Intrusion Det...

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IoT - ISSN 2624-831X