2026 February - 129 articles
Decellularization removes immunogenic intracellular components of fish tissues while keeping the extracellular matrix (dECM) structure, mechanical integrity, and bioactivity. Fish-derived dECM retains native bioactive components, exhibiting high bioc...
Spontaneous fermentation of sugarcane juice for the production of artisanal sugarcane spirits in the Ecuadorian Amazon is driven by native microbial communities; however, the yeast diversity involved in this process remains poorly characterized. In t...
Background: Reconstruction of the proximal humerus after wide tumor resection is technically demanding, and traditional methods such as allograft–prosthetic composites, reverse shoulder arthroplasty, and metal implants are limited by graft unav...
The urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio is a clinically established predictor of blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to develop and rigorously evaluate machine learning models for estimating the urinary Na/K ratio using four...
When nerves are severed, such as during traumatic injury, an acute injury state is induced, characterized by biological and physical changes in the proximal and distal stumps. Beyond the initial injury phase, over a time frame of weeks to months, ner...
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely investigated in regenerative medicine owing to their immunomodulatory activity, paracrine signaling, and multilineage differentiation potential. However, accumulating clinical and preclinical evidence in...
Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes meningitis worldwide, mainly in children less than two years old. The capsular polysaccharide b (PRP) is an essential antigen for vaccine formulation. This study aimed to develop a...
Research on muscle fatigue during dynamic movement using surface electromyography (sEMG) constitutes a significant challenge within biomechanics. Despite a degree of standardization, measurements and their resultant findings continue to attract consi...
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutic agents in regenerative medicine due to their ability to deliver bioactive molecules with enhanced stability and low immunogenicity. Their potential to replicate...
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, creating demand for continuous, unobtrusive monitoring solutions. This clinical validation evaluates the accuracy of remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), a contactle...
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent skin cancer, and surgery remains the treatment of choice, particularly in high-risk subtypes and sites. However, in low-risk cases and in patients where cosmetic outcome is a priority, alternative strat...
Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, and early detection is critical for improving patient outcomes. Although dermoscopy combined with deep learning has advanced automated skin-lesion analysis, progress is hindered by limited access to la...
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging has increasingly highlighted white matter abnormalities as a key component of affective disorders. Fast macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) mapping, a myelin-sensitive technique, recently revealed divergent pa...
Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is one of the most common pelvic floor disorders in women, often impairing quality of life (QoL). Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the standard conservative therapy, while autologous platelet-rich p...
Background: Arterial stenosis produces nonlinear changes in vascular impedance that are challenging to investigate in real time using either benchtop flow phantoms or high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. Objective: This study aime...
Background: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has regenerative effects in various tissues, but its impact on hair follicles is unclear. This preliminary study evaluated HBOT-induced changes in hair and scalp characteristics in healthy adults. Methods:...
Background: Intervertebral motion is a fundamental aspect of spinal biomechanics, crucial for understanding lumbar spine function, pain mechanisms, and surgical outcomes. Various methods exist for measuring and interpreting it, each with its own adva...
Background: Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for post-stroke drop foot is commonly applied in acute and subacute stroke rehabilitation or as part of long-term home-based programs in chronic patients. Evidence supporting short facility-based re...
Background: Traditional high-speed mechanical osteotomes cause substantial thermal and mechanical trauma, impairing bone healing. Erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) lasers, with water-mediated non-contact ablation, offer precise osteotomy...
Accurate segmentation of the intercondylar notch of the femur is of great significance for the diagnosis of knee joint diseases, surgical planning, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Among them, the obvious anatomical heterogeneity,...
This study presents a fully automatic hybrid framework for circle detection and geometric feature extraction from anteroposterior (AP) X-ray images. Detecting circular structures in X-ray imagery is challenging due to low contrast, noise, and metal-i...
This study presents a finite element (FE) investigation of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in the human lumbar spine (L1–L3 segment). The model, based on CT-derived geometry and isotropic hyperelastic representation of disc tissues, inco...
Temperature fluctuations strongly affect microbial viability, often inducing adaptive responses. In this study, we employed the psychrophilic bacterium Bacillus mycoides 41-22 and its associated phage VMY22, originally isolated from the Mingyong Glac...
Background: Periapical pathosis in periapical radiographs must be properly diagnosed for the success of endodontic treatment but is often muddled by 2D imaging limitations and subjective interpretation. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a solution,...
Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is a promising approach for visual prostheses. We recently proposed using retinal neuromorphic spike trains derived from visual images as ICMS pulse sequences, and preliminarily recorded cortical voltage-sensitiv...
This study investigated antibacterial dentures fabricated by peening titanium apatite onto a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resin using a peening device. The effects of different peening mass flow rates and total peening masses on the de...
Background/Objectives: Cervical degenerative disc disease (DDD) is associated with decreased disc height, spinal arthrosis, decreased spinal stability, neck pain (NP), and increased years living with disability and global disease burden. Methods: A t...
Spinal fusion remains a common surgical treatment for degenerative cervical spine pathology. By eliminating segmental motion, fusion alters spinal biomechanics and redistributes mechanical loads to adjacent levels. These changes contribute to adjacen...
Orthopedic surgery is undergoing a transformation driven by artificial intelligence (AI), which is reshaping clinico-surgical decision-making. While the operative strategy and professional responsibility traditionally relied on the surgeon’s in...
Traditional statistical approaches identify group-level associations between biomarkers and rupture status in intracranial aneurysms (IAs) but often miss nonlinear interactions at the patient level. Methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed 35 sa...
(1) Background: Large language models (LLMs) show promise in healthcare but are constrained by hallucinations, static knowledge, and limited domain specificity. Fine-tuning (FT) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offer complementary solutions,...
Fracture nonunion or delayed union remains a significant clinical problem that burdens both the patient and the healthcare system. Defined as failure for bone to unite 9 months post injury or 3 months with no progression toward union, the pathology o...
Background: Pharmacological agents may interfere with the biological processes underlying orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), potentially affecting treatment duration, pain control, and periodontal outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted a...
Inflammaging is inflammation caused by altered cell–cell communications due to aging which leads to impaired wound healing. In this study, we investigated the underlying dynamics of information exchange between macrophage and fibroblast cells d...
Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) represent a promising alternative for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, replicating the mechanical and biological complexity of native vessels remains a major challenge. Compliance mismatch, lo...
Background: Axonal misdirection remains a major limitation in peripheral nerve repair. While nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) and nerve scaffolds (NSCs) have advanced structurally, it is unclear whether these designs effectively reduce misdirection com...
Despite the widespread adoption of digital technologies in modern implant dentistry, a comprehensive synthesis of error propagation across the entire workflow of full-arch implant rehabilitation remains absent. This narrative review aimed to synthesi...
Peripheral nerve regeneration is most rapid during the early post-injury period but gradually slows over time, often limiting functional recovery. Electrical stimulation (ES) delivered via percutaneous needle electrodes has been shown to modulate the...
Accurate and real-time glottis localization is critical for ensuring intraoperative oxygenation and patient safety during nasotracheal intubation. However, representative foundation models exemplified by the Segment Anything Model exhibit notable lim...
This review develops a materials-to-clinic framework for patient-specific, functionally graded (FG) NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) rods as a complementary paradigm for scoliosis correction that targets durable alignment with motion preservation. The a...
Precise quantification of fine motor behaviour is essential for understanding neural circuit function and for evaluating therapeutic interventions in neurological disorders. While markerless pose estimation frameworks such as DeepLabCut (DLC) have tr...
To evaluate cross-platform measurement consistency and diagnostic threshold requirements in shear wave elastography (SWE), this study presents a robotically controlled, phantom-based validation framework to quantify and interpret inter-vendor variabi...
Fractures are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Thoroughbred racehorses, posing a significant threat to their welfare and careers. This study introduces a deep learning model specifically designed to facilitate fracture detection in equin...
Low back pain (LBP) remains one of the most prevalent and disabling musculoskeletal conditions worldwide, shaped by interacting mechanical, neurophysiological, inflammatory, vascular, and behavioral factors. Conventional care often relies on generali...
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by dysbiotic biofilms and host-mediated destruction of periodontal tissues. This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel needle-shaped floating electrode–dielectric barrier discharge...
Collagen sponges are widely used for oral tissue regeneration, due to their extracellular matrix-mimetic architecture and excellent biocompatibility. However, in practical biomedical applications, collagen sponges may exhibit hydration-induced struct...
RNA-based interventions are particularly promising for next-generation therapeutic strategies and hold significant potential when integrated with diagnostic modalities. Among noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcript...
Facial expressions are crucial in conveying emotions and for engaging in social interactions. The facial musculature activations and their pattern of movements under emotions are similar in all humans; hence, facial expressions are considered a behav...
Introduction: Stereotactic radiosurgery is a highly precise radiotherapy technique widely used for the management of brain metastases. While VMAT enables highly conformal dose distributions, it is often associated with increased plan complexity and l...
Deep Learning (DL) has undergone widespread adoption for medical image analysis and diagnosis. Numerous studies have explored mammographic image analysis for breast cancer screening. For this study, we assessed the hypothesis that stratifying mammogr...
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