Children, Volume 10, Issue 10

(1) Background: Embryonal abdominal tumors are one of the most common entities of solid childhood cancer. The present study investigates the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and the mental health of children to obtain a comprehensive picture of...

Williams Syndrome (WS) involves high rates of psychopathology across the lifespan. However, little is known about the early, longitudinal trajectory of internalising/externalising symptoms or the association between these and the family environment i...

Most research on the impact of maternal depressive symptoms on child development is conducted during the first year postpartum. Findings on long-term effects of maternal depression are still contradictory and underexplored. The present study investig...

Both reading difficulties (RD) and mathematics difficulties (MD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders. The co-occurrence of RD and MD, known as comorbid RDMD, is estimated to range between 21% and 45% of children with learning disabilities. Defici...

Background: Transphyseal humeral separations (TPHS) are rare injuries often associated with non-accidental trauma, necessitating accurate diagnosis. This study aims to assess the accuracy of diagnosis of TPHS. Methods: A retrospective review was cond...

Background: The diagnostic process for children and adults manifesting a constellation of ectodermal abnormalities requires a conscientious and highly structured process. Material and Methods: Six girls (aged 6-month–8 years) and two older girl...

(1) Background: With shifts in daily dietary habits, concerns have arisen regarding potential impacts on metabolic health. This study sought to investigate the interplay between nutrient intake and its effects on the anthropometric and inflammatory p...

Background: The purpose of this study is to better understand the way caregivers of patients with Rett syndrome perceive the quality of the health care services they receive and identify its main shortcomings. Methods: A survey was distributed to all...

Predicting the short- and long-term outcomes of extremely preterm infants remains a challenge. Multivariable prognostic models might be valuable tools for clinicians, parents, and policymakers for providing accurate outcome estimates. In this perspec...

Suboptimal micronutrient intake in children remains a public health concern around the world. This study examined the relationship between a previously defined dietary carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and the risk of micronutrient intake inadequacy i...

Probiotics are known to decrease incidences of necrotising enterocolitis, feeding intolerance, late-onset sepsis, and mortality in preterm infants. Administering an adequate dose is important for optimizing the benefits and safety of probiotics. We c...

Background. Foreign Body Aspiration (FBA) represents a leading cause of death among unintentional injuries in children less than one year of age. This study reviewed case reports and case series reporting non-food FBA in children to characterize aspi...

(1) Introduction: Correct development and growth of the dental arches and occlusion in the deciduous dentition is crucial for physiological occlusion in the permanent dentition. The present study evaluates the evolution of the terminal plane and cani...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are genetic respiratory diseases featured by chronic upper and lower airway inflammation and infection, mainly due to impaired mucociliary clearance due to genetic mutations. Sleep is crucial...

(1) Aim: The aim of the study was to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of a hospital perception scale for healthy children aged 8 to 10 years. (2) Methods: A methodological design was employed. The scale’s validity was investigate...

Background: The utilization of evidence-based approaches is crucial to achieving long-term positive outcomes for treatment performed chairside or under general anesthesia. The study aimed to evaluate if treatment modality (at the chairside or under g...

Background: Past research has shown that perfectionistic strivings (PS) and perfectionistic concerns (PC) in the parenting domain are associated with an increase in parental burnout (PB), and that PB causally increases violence towards one’s of...

SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in children has a lower incidence and severity compared to adults. Risk factors are adolescence and comorbidities. Our aims were to describe the characteristics of children admitted with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, identify risk factor...

Electroencephalographic sleep stage transitions and altered first REM sleep period transitions have been identified as biomarkers of type 1 narcolepsy in adults, but not in children. Studies on memory complaints in narcolepsy have not yet investigate...

Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH) is a rare genetic disease, also called hypersensitivity to vitamin D3. The molecular heterogeneity allows for the differentiation between the two forms; IIH type 1 caused by CYP24A1 genetic variants and IIH ty...

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disorder, estimated to affect 1 in 1000 people. It displays a high level of variability in terms of onset and severity among affected individuals within the sam...

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an extremely common metabolic complication of the neonatal period which may be associated with bilirubin encephalopathy and even death. Adverse neurological consequences are preventable if a timely diagnosis and treatme...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the term given to a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GI). These include ulcerative colitis (UC), where the inflammatory process involves only the intestinal mucosa...

The aim of this report is to review the literature dealing with the postoperative correction of rib hump (RH) after spinal operations for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and its aetiological implications of hump postoperative fate for IS. Recom...

Introduction: The Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) species are potential neonatal pathogens, and ECC strains are among the most commonly encountered Enterobacter spp. associated with nosocomial bloodstream infections. Outbreaks caused by ECC can le...

Background: The prognosis of orthodontic treatment for a patient with impacted canine teeth can be affected by many factors and understanding some of the characteristics of impacted teeth can increase the effectiveness and reduce the duration of trea...

Many adolescent health surveys ask if respondents are male or female. Non-response may be due to fear of de-anonymisation or being a gender-nonconforming youth. The present study investigates the frequency of non-response and its potential reasons. T...

A study was performed to determine early metabolomic markers of ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy (HIE) using a Rice–Vannucci model for newborn rats. Dried blood spots from 7-day-old male and female rat pups, including 10 HIE-affected animals and...

Introduction: Adolescence is a developmental stage that often coincides with increasing sleep problems. Focus groups were conducted to inform development of an adolescent eHealth sleep intervention by exploring opinions about (1) healthy sleep practi...

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of emotional intelligence between the perception of autonomy support from physical education teachers and self-esteem (positive and negative) in secondary-school physical education students. The stu...

Background: Body image and psychosocial functioning represent central challenges during adolescence and early adulthood. Malocclusion, defined as an irregularity in the alignment of the teeth, is known to negatively influence psychological outcomes....

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly changed patterns of human interaction, including in the educational sector, which was forced to transform relationships among students, families, and the academic community. The present study sought to establish th...

School anxiety depends on multiple factors that occur directly or indirectly in the teaching–learning process, such as going to the blackboard in class or reporting low grades at home. Other factors that influence school climate are social skil...

Background: Most published pediatric guidelines on food allergy highlight the importance of nutritional counseling and dietary adequacy to avoid either growth retardation or nutritional deficiencies. The aim of the study was an assessment of the nutr...

Nutrients have an enormous impact on many hormonal systems and aspects of health, and nutrition status is a crucial regulator of growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents. In this narrative review, we explore the connection between...

Background: The prevalence of neonatal abstinence syndrome is increasing, but the number and quality of clinical practice guidelines available are unknown. This systematic review aimed to identify, appraise and evaluate clinical practice guidelines f...

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD, MIM 244400) is an inherited ciliopathy disorder characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary infections, subfertility, and laterality defects. The true incidence of PCD in Saudi Arabia is not known, but it is...

Individuals born preterm have shorter lifespans and elevated rates of chronic illness that contribute to mortality risk when compared to individuals born at term. Emerging evidence suggests that individuals born preterm or of low birthweight also exh...

Prior studies demonstrated the neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) calculator’s potential in drastically reducing antibiotic prescriptions, and its international adoption is increasing rapidly. To optimize the EOS calculator’s impact, succe...

(1) Background: This implementation study reports on the results of the mobile vaccination teams’ (MVTs) activities during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan, when other vaccination services were disrupted. (2) Methods:...

The management of pediatric Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) focuses on the prevention of intussusception complicating small intestinal (SI) polyposis. This hinges on the accurate appraisal of the polyp burden to tailor therapeutic interventions. V...

Background and Objectives: Vaccination is critical to the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks and is also one of the most important public health successes. When it comes to childhood vaccinations, parents’ consent is very im...

The enhancement of the clinical management of growing patients has always been a great challenge for orthodontists and pediatric dentists [...]

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are chronic gastrointestinal disorders often diagnosed in youth, presenting unique features compared to adult-onset cases. We aimed to profile pe...

The objective of this narrative review was to summarize existing literature on the effectiveness of school-based interventions, implemented in Europe, under the aim of promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in children (6–10 years old). A search...

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children with neuromuscular disease (NMD) is more prevalent compared to the general population, and often manifests as sleep-related hypoventilation, sleep-related hypoxemia, obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep...

This paper reviews the Chinese government’s efforts and progress towards ensuring equitable access to quality early childhood education (ECE). It begins with an overview of the Chinese context and analysing the reasons for a policy focus on ECE...

Standardized protocols have been designed and developed specifically for clinical information collection and obtaining trio genomic information from infants affected with congenital anomalies (CA) and their parents, as well as securing human biologic...

Puberty identifies the transition from childhood to adulthood. Precocious puberty is the onset of signs of pubertal development before age eight in girls and before age nine in boys, it has an incidence of 1/5000–1/10,000 with an F:M ratio rang...

Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) is a gas synthesized by the inducible and constitutive NO synthase (NOS) enzyme in the airway cells of the nasal mucosa. Like lung nitric oxide, it is thought to be associated with airway inflammation in various respiratory d...