Universe, Volume 8, Issue 2

The transverse momentum spectra of ${\pi }^{+}$ (${\pi }^{-}$)(${\pi }^{+}+{\pi }^{-}$) at 6.3, 17.3, 31, 900 and 7000 GeV are analyzed by the blast-wave model with Tsallis statistics (TBW) in proton-proton collisions. We took the value of flow profile $n_0$ = 1 and...

We have used publicly available kinematic data for the S2 star to constrain the parameter space of MOdified Gravity. Integrating geodesics and using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm, we have provided the first constraint on the scales of the Gala...

In a quantum gravity theory, spacetime at mesoscopic scales can acquire a novel structure very different from the classical concept of general relativity. A way to effectively characterize the quantum nature of spacetime is through a momentum depende...

For more than two decades, the ERNA collaboration has investigated nuclear processes of astrophysical interest through the direct measurement of cross sections or the identification of the nucleosynthesis effects. Measurements of cross-section, repor...

The dynamics of the positive ions created by particle interactions inside argon time projection chambers plays an important role in characterizing the next generation of massive detectors planned for the direct search for dark matter and the study of...

We report neutron star predictions based on our most recent equations of state. These are derived from chiral effective field theory, which allows for a systematic development of nuclear forces, order by order. We utilize high-quality two-nucleon int...

Gravitational waves provide a novel and powerful way to test astrophysical models of compact objects, early universe processes, beyond the Standard Model particle physics, dark matter candidates, Einstein’s theory of General Relativity and exte...

This study focuses on the impact of the cosmological constant on hyperbolically symmetric matter configurations in a static background. I extend the work of Herrera et al. 2021. and describe the influences of such a repulsive character on a few reali...

Radioactive nuclei are the key to understanding the circumstances of the birth of our Sun because meteoritic analysis has proven that many of them were present at that time. Their origin, however, has been so far elusive. The ERC-CoG-2016 RADIOSTAR p...

We are focused on the idea that observables in quantum physics are a bit more then just hermitian operators and that this is, in general, a “tricky business”. The origin of this idea comes from the fact that there is a subtle difference b...

Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars are among the most important astrophysical sites influencing the nucleosynthesis and the chemical abundances in the Universe. From a pure nuclear point of view, several processes take part during this peculiar stag...

The functional renormalization group flow of a scalar field theory with quartic couplings and a sharp spatial momentum cutoff is presented in four-dimensional Minkowski space-time for the bare action by retaining the entanglement of the IR and the UV...

We show that upon applying Palatini $f\left(R\right)$, characterized by an $\alpha R^2$ term, within a scenario motivated by a temporal variation of strong coupling constant, then one obtains a quadratic kinetic energy. We do not drop this term, but rather study two...

This paper carries out a comparative investigation of the Total Electron Content (TEC) values calculated by using the NeQuick-2 and IRI-Plas 2017 models. The investigation was carried out for the solar maximum year of 2013–2014 with data from e...

In this paper, an improved multi-source thermal model is used to analyze the transverse momentum spectra in $pp$ collisions at high energies, ranging from $\sqrt{{\mathit{s}}_{\mathit{NN}}}$ = 62.4 GeV to 7 TeV. Via a detailed comparison between the model results and experimental dat...

We will review the motivations and the general features of experiments devoted to testing fundamental laws with antimatter at low energies, namely the study of CPT invariance and the Weak Equivalence Principle. A summary of the recent experimental re...

Globular clusters are both primary fossils of galactic evolution and formation and are ideal laboratories for constraining the evolution of low-mass and metal-poor stars. RR Lyrae and type II Cepheid variables are low-mass, radially pulsating stars t...

The field theoretic renormalization group is applied to the strongly nonlinear stochastic advection-diffusion equation. The turbulent advection is modelled by the Kazantsev–Kraichnan “rapid-change” ensemble. As a requirement of the...

In cosmology, the analysis of observational evidence is very important when testing theoretical models of the Universe. Artificial neural networks are powerful and versatile computational tools for data modelling and have recently been considered in...

Bigravity is one of the most natural modifications of General Relativity (GR), as it is based on the equivalence principle. However, its canonical structure appears rather complicated because of the unusual form of the interaction between two metrics...

The Cosmic Neutrino Background (C$\nu$B) anisotropies for massive neutrinos are a unique probe of large-scale structure formation. The redshift-distance measure is completely different for massive neutrinos as compared to electromagnetic radiation. Th...

For a pure SU(2) Yang–Mills theory in 4D, we revisit the spatial (3D), ball-like region of radius $r_0$ in its bulk subject to the pressureless, deconfining phase at $T_0=1.32T_c$, where $T_c$ denotes the critical temperature for the onset of the deconfi...

Following analogies with relativistic point particles and Schild strings, we show that the Einstein gravity and its strong coupling regime (or the Planck mass going to zero) are related to each other through a Laplace transform. The Feynman propagato...

Recently, the current authors have formulated and extensively explored a rather novel Painlevé–Gullstrand variant of the slow-rotation Lense–Thirring spacetime, a variant which has particularly elegant features—including unit...

We discuss thermofield double QFT at real time, in the large N limit. First, we establish a (dynamical) symmetry, which we argue holds in general for the real-time portion of the Schwinger–Kelydish contour. At large N, this symmetry is seen to...

The Primordial Group hypothesis states that only sufficiently young open clusters (OCs) can be multiple, and old OCs are essentially isolated. We tested this postulate through four different studies using a manual search of Gaia EDR3 and extensive li...

In this article, we review the status of the tension between the long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiments T2K and NOνA. The tension arises mostly due to the mismatch in the apappearance data of the two experiments. We explain how this tensio...

The Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc (LSC) is the Spanish national hub for low radioactivity techniques and the associated scientific and technological applications. The concentration of the airborne radon is a major component of the radioa...

The unprecedented quality of the astrometric measurements obtained with the ESA Gaia spacecraft have initiated a revolution in Milky Way astronomy. Studies of star clusters in particular have been transformed by the precise proper motions and paralla...

Open clusters appear as simple objects in many respects, with a high degree of homogeneity in their (initial) chemical composition, and the typical solar-scaled abundance pattern that they exhibit for the majority of the chemical species. The strikin...

It has been pointed out that different choices of momenta can be associated to the same noncommutative spacetime model. The question of whether these momentum spaces, related by diffeomorphisms, produce the same physical predictions is still debated....

We study holographic phase transitions in (2+1) dimensions that possess interacting phases which result from a direct coupling between the two U(1) gauge fields. This can be interpreted as a non-minimal interaction between the electric and spin motiv...

Oscillation of two-flavour neutrinos is considered within a quantum mechanical framework of consistent (decoherent) dynamic histories. We investigate how consistency of selected three-time histories is affected by oscillation parameters. We show that...

We consider the full S-matrix in the scattering giving rise to analogous Hawking radiation in dispersive media. We show the general structure of the scattering in the weak dispersion approximation and discuss some unnoticed features of the primary pr...

We study the Quasi-Periodic Pulsations (QPPs) of an M4.4 class solar flare, which occurred in active region NOAA 11165 on 8 March 2011. With the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, we decompose the flare light curve into fast- and slowly-varying com...

In this brief paper, we show that atom interferometer experiments such as MAGIS, AION and AEDGE do not only have the potential to probe very light dark matter models, but will also probe quantum gravity. We show that the linear coupling of a singlet...

We use data from M87* central black hole shadow, as well as from the S2 star observations, in order to extract constraints on Barrow entropy. The latter is a modified entropy arising from quantum-gravitational effects on the black hole horizon, quant...

We study the low energy effective dynamics of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal theories on their generalized Coulomb branch. The low energy effective gauge couplings are naturally encoded in algebraic curves $\mathcal{X}$, which we derive for general values o...

In the last 20 years, the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN has been providing relevant data for the astrophysical slow neutron capture process (s process). At n_TOF, neutron-induced radiative capture (n,$\gamma$) as well as (n,p) and (n,$\&$...

We investigate the emergent time scenario in quantum cosmology based on the Page–Wotters approach. Using a quantum cosmological model with a qubit clock, it is demonstrated how the entanglement between the qubit clock and the geometry derives e...

Monitoring the Earth’s ionosphere is an important, fundamental and applied problem. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide a way of measuring the ionospheric total electron content (TEC), but real-time single-station absolute TEC me...

To study the oscillations of active neutrinos in the framework of the model with three active and three sterile neutrinos, the analytical expressions are obtained for the appearance and survival probabilities of different neutrino flavors taking into...

The variations of neutral temperature in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, during the 7–8 September 2017 intense geomagnetic storm, are studied using observations by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radi...

It is taken for granted that bound systems are made of massive constituents that interact through particle exchanges (charged particles interacting via photon exchanges, quarks in elementary particles interacting via gluon exchanges, and nucleons in...

Despite being a well understood phenomenon in the context of current terrestrial experiments, neutrino flavor conversions in dense astrophysical environments probably represent one of the most challenging open problems in neutrino physics. Apart from...

We revisit the physical arguments that led to the definition of the stress–energy tensor T in the Lorentz–Finsler setting $(M,L)$ starting with classical relativity. Both the standard heuristic approach using fluids and the Lagrangian one a...

In a previous paper we introduced a cosmological model describing the early inflation, the intermediate decelerated expansion, and the late accelerating expansion of the universe in terms of a single barotropic fluid characterized by a quadratic equa...

We report experimental results from multi-instrument diagnostic tools related to phenomena in the high latitude ionosphere F-region, induced by the simultaneous action of powerful extraordinary (X-mode) and ordinary (O-mode) polarized HF radio waves...

The primary scientific goal of neutrino telescopes is the detection and study of cosmic neutrino signals. However, the range of physics topics that these instruments can tackle is exceedingly wide and diverse. Neutrinos coming from outside the Earth,...

K-EUSO (KLYPVE-EUSO) is a planned orbital mission aimed at studying ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) by detecting fluorescence and Cherenkov light emitted by extensive air showers in the nocturnal atmosphere of Earth in the ultraviolet (UV) ran...