2026 May - 32 articles
Background: Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) management has evolved, but surgery (total mesorectal excision, TME) remains the curative cornerstone. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) and organ preservation (OP) have emerged as response-adaptive str...
Introduction: Effective perioperative management in cesarean section remains essential to optimize maternal outcomes. Melatonin (M) has been proposed as a potential adjunct due to its analgesic, anxiolytic, and antiemetic properties; however, evidenc...
Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas (SPN-P) are rare, low-grade malignancies primarily affecting young women. While surgical resection is definitive, the optimal balance between oncological radicality and functional preservati...
Background: Gastroparesis is characterised by prolonged gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical gastric obstruction. When symptomatic, gastroparesis significantly impacts quality of life. While current consensus emphasises medical, surgical, or...
Background: During the COVID pandemic increased rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, caesarean delivery, and preterm birth among women with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy were recorded. Purpose: This study describe...
Background/Objectives: Conventional assessments of lymphatic invasion in the primary tumor may fail to identify lymph node metastasis (LNM) in breast cancer. We evaluated periarterial or perivenous invasion (periA/V), using Elastica–van Gieson...
Background/Objectives: Heat waves are increasingly frequent and intense climate events with significant implications for public health, particularly among frail older adults. While most evidence has focused on mortality and morbidity, healthcare serv...
Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia—the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function—is a growing public health challenge in ageing populations. Island territories face compounded vulnerabilities due to distinct epidemiological and...
The pancreatic pseudocyst is a collection of pancreatic fluid surrounded by a non-epithelialized wall comprising granulation tissue and fibrosis, occurring in approximately 10% of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and in 20–38% of thos...
Background/Objectives: Lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (lean MASLD) is an increasingly recognized phenotype occurring in individuals with normal body mass index (BMI), despite clinically important hepatic and cardiometab...
Background/Objectives: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in the WHO European Region, which reports the highest global proportion of rifampicin-resistant and MDR-TB cases. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) h...
Objective: We examined the psychological mechanisms underlying cyberchondria by testing whether rumination mediates the association between intolerance of uncertainty and cyberchondria and whether this indirect effect is moderated by prior medical ex...
Background/Objectives: Cancer patterns in low-resource and crisis-affected settings are poorly characterized, particularly among socioeconomically vulnerable populations. This study aimed to describe cancer distribution, age at diagnosis, and barrier...
Background. Robotic-assisted bronchoscopy with the ION™ Endoluminal System facilitates precise access to peripheral pulmonary lesions. However, procedural duration and diagnostic performance remain influenced by patient and lesion-specific fact...
Background: While reducing LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains central focuses of conventional preventive cardiology, substantial heterogeneity exists in the cardiovascular risk associated with even extreme LDL-C elevations, likely depending heavily on t...
Background/Objectives: Evidence linking vitamins D and B12 to psychiatric outcomes remains heterogeneous across designs, populations, phenotypes, exposures, and outcome formats. Methods: We conducted a PRISMA 2020 systematic review and exploratory me...
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) represents a severe and complex pediatric neurodevelopmental disorder, predominantly characterized by the occurrence of paroxysmal episodes of transient unilateral or bilateral paresis prior to 18 months of a...
Background: Chronic hepatitis B and C remain major causes of progressive liver disease, while HBV–HCV coinfection is associated with accelerated fibrosis and hepatocellular injury. Methods: This study evaluated integrated biochemical, histopath...
Background/Objectives: Intestinal schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni is often underestimated in low-transmission settings due to the limited sensitivity of traditional stool microscopy. More sensitive approaches, including antigen detectio...
Objectives: This cross-sectional study examined associations of lifestyle factors (physical activity (PA), diet, obesity, and smoking), age groups, and sex with the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Saudi adults, including the World H...
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae, also referred to as pneumococcus, is of immense public health significance. In particular, it causes severe invasive diseases among children. This has led to the recommendation of anti-pneumococcal prophylaxis, i...
Background/Objectives: Acute intravascular hemolysis is associated with the release of labile heme, which contributes to systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a known modulator of inflammatory responses. However, its spec...
Background: Renal abscesses represent a serious complication of urinary tract infections, with management decisions often being guided by abscess size and clinical parameters. However, there is no universally accepted size threshold for intervention,...
Background: Value-based sarcoma care requires outcome measures that reflect the patient perspective; however, many sarcoma episodes begin with near-normal function and undergo necessary morbidity for oncologic control, making simple “improvemen...
Background/Objectives: Understanding the available interventions and circumstances under which physical therapy is administered to patients with diabetic foot ulcers is important to provide more evidence regarding physical therapy and associated outc...
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in children is associated not only with infectious burden but also with potential psychological distress, which remains insufficiently explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern and evolution of depressi...
Background/Objectives: Non-ablative local therapies are increasingly used in the conservative management of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Coriolus versicolor, an immunomodulatory medicinal mushroom, is one such approach. This study aimed to i...
Background: Dengue fever remains a major public health challenge in Mexico, exhibiting pronounced seasonal behavior and substantial geographic heterogeneity. Using recent epidemiological surveillance data may improve predictive performance and better...
Background/Objectives: In the last decade, the prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (17–46%) and non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) (16–33%) has increased due to their association with obesity, both predictors...
Background/objectives: Although informative, current insights into the inflammatory nature of colorectal cancer (CRC) have yet to have a meaningful impact on the prevention of, and development of novel therapies for, the treatment of this prevalent a...
Background/Objectives: Hepatic diseases frequently present with ocular manifestations that aid diagnosis, provide prognostic data, and guide therapy. Despite the clear utility of the liver–eye axis, the literature lacks reviews that categorize...
Kidney development in the first 1000 days of life is vulnerable to numerous prenatal, perinatal, and congenital factors. This review aims to analyze the main determinants of early kidney development and to highlight the role of pediatricians in ident...
