Galaxies, Volume 14, Issue 2

We review the jet kinematics of HBL blazars based on results of the MOJAVE survey, which obtained images of active galactic nuclei with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 15 GHz, and the VLBA-BU-BLAZAR program as well as its successor BEAM-ME pro...

This technical note evaluates the observational performance limits of unguided smartphone-based astrophotography using a large-aperture Newtonian telescope under low-latitude sky conditions. Observations were conducted with a consumer-grade 10-inch N...

There are some 300 naturally occurring nuclides. In addition, over 3000 radioactive isotopes have become known. The s(low) and r(apid) processes of neutron capture synthesize the nuclides heavier than iron. The synthesis, namely the increase in the a...

Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) are a fundamental non-thermal component of the interstellar medium (ISM). Understanding the transport of super-high-energy particles is essential for interpreting observations of Galactic PeVatrons. Classical diffusion mode...

Supergiants are luminous post-main-sequence massive stars whose effective temperatures ($T_{\mathrm{eff}}$) are key inputs for stellar evolution and feedback studies. We present a photometry-based procedure to derive $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ for a sample of galactic supergiants of sp...

Osmium is a third-peak neutron-capture element predominantly produced by the rapid (r-) process, and it is a valuable tracer of early Galactic chemical enrichment. However, osmium abundance measurements in Galactic stars remain limited due to observa...

While there has been significant progress in our understanding of the origin and evolution of planetary nebulae in the last 50 years, there remain several unsolved problems. These include the true 3D morphological structure of the nebulae, origin of...

The neutron capture cross section of ⁶⁴Ni is an important parameter in nuclear astrophysics that is needed to accurately simulate stellar nucleosynthesis and validate stellar models. ⁶⁴Ni is among the seeds of the s-process and its capture cross sect...

About half the elements heavier than iron in the universe, like silver and gold, are created in the rapid neutron-capture (r-)process. However, today, almost 70 years after the theoretical prediction of this process, it is still highly debated in wha...

We confirmed four spectroscopic binary candidates using new observations obtained with SALT. Three SB2 systems (HD 20784, HD 43519A, HD 62153A) exhibit circular orbits with periods shorter than 10 days, whereas one hierarchical triple system (HD 5602...

Annual parallaxes of Galactic long period variable stars (LPVs) are essential for determining their distances and intrinsic properties, but their measurement remains challenging because of their large stellar sizes, circumstellar matter, and time-var...

In the original publication [...]

We present the results of the analysis of nine polarization and micro-variability observations of BL Lacertae using a turbulent cell model. We perform a similar analysis of a simulated TEMZ light curve generated with the Turbulent Extreme Multi-Zone...

This study presents a quantitative, scenario-based framework for analyzing humanity’s potential progression along the Kardashev scale, with emphasis on the transition to Type I (planetary-scale) and Type II (stellar-scale) civilization status....

Mass discrepancies in galaxies are empirically known to appear only below a characteristic acceleration scale $a_0$. Here we show that this behaviour is not limited to galaxies: it extends continuously across the full hierarchy of self-gravitating stell...

In this work, we investigate the shadow properties of the Kerr–Newman–Anti-de Sitter black hole coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. The shadow is constructed by employing the celestial coordinate approach for an observer located at a fi...

We anticipate that hundreds of thousands of distant, strongly gravitationally lensed sources will be detectable with European Space Agency’s (ESA) Euclid mission and the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time. We consider the virtues...

We test whether $f\left(Q\right)$ symmetric teleparallel gravity theories can solve the Hubble tension consistently with DESI DR2 BAO. We consider three $f\left(Q\right)$ functional forms: logarithmic, exponential, and hyperbolic tangent. We extend these models by allowing a...

Strong gravitational lensing provides valuable insights into the mass distribution of galaxies and the nature of dark matter. However, its modeling is computationally demanding due to the large volume of strong lensing observations. In this work, we...

Molybdenum (Mo, Z = 42) is a neutron-capture element with seven stable isotopes that can be produced by different processes. Previous studies have shown a large scatter in molybdenum abundances for metal-poor ([Fe/H] < $-1$) stars, indicating...

The two most severe cosmological tensions in the Hubble constant $H_0$ and the matter clustering amplitude $S_8$ have the same relative discrepancy of 8.3%, which suggests that they may have a common origin. Modifications of gravity and exotic dark fields...

We present new high-dispersion optical spectra of the planetary nebula NGC 2371 obtained with the Manchester Echelle Spectrometer at the OAN-SPM 2.1 m telescope, complemented with 3D morpho-kinematic modelling using ShapeX. The data reveal that the p...

Numerical galaxy formation simulations are sensitive to numerical methods and sub-grid physics models, making code comparison projects essential for quantifying uncertainties. Here, we evaluate gadget4-osaka within the AGORA project framework by cond...