2020 September - 99 articles
DNA nanotechnology offers a fine control over biochemistry by programming chemical reactions in DNA templates. Coupled to microfluidics, it has enabled DNA-based reaction-diffusion microsystems with advanced spatio-temporal dynamics such as traveling...
In this work, the laser-scribing technique was used as a low-cost, rapid and facile method for fabricating digital microfluidic (DMF) systems. Laser-scribed graphene (LSG) electrodes are directly synthesized on flexible substrates to pattern the DMF...
A cell elasticity measurement method is introduced that uses polymer microtools actuated by holographic optical tweezers. The microtools were prepared with two-photon polymerization. Their shape enables the approach of the cells in any lateral direct...
In order to study the penetration mechanism of jacked piles in viscous soil foundation, the stress variation law of the pile–soil interface was obtained by installing silicon piezoresistive earth pressure and pore water pressure sensors, and fi...
We report an anti-reflective cover glass for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells. Subwavelength structures (SWSs) were fabricated on top of a cover glass using one-step self-masked etching. The etching method resulted in dense whiskers with hig...
Recently, instrumental nanoindentation has been widely applied to detect time-dependent plastic deformation or creep behavior in numerous materials, particularly thin films and heterogeneous materials. However, deformation mechanism at nanoindentatio...
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This special issue is a collection of 10 selected papers after presenting at the Fifth International Conference on Advanced Electromaterials (ICAE 2019), held in Jeju, South Korea on 5–8 November 2019 [...]
The static and dynamic deflection transducing performances of piezotransistive AlGaN/GaN heterojunction field effect transistors (HFET) and piezoresistive VO2 thin films, fabricated on GaN microcantilevers of similar dimensions, were investigated. De...
This paper presents a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system with the ability to perform full-azimuth beam steering, and with the aim of realizing greater than 20 Gbps vehicular communications. The MIMO antenna described in this paper...
Microfluidic principles have been widely applied for more than 30 years to solve biological and micro-electromechanical problems. Despite the numerous advantages, microfluidic devices are difficult to manage as their handling comes with several techn...
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are important biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. However, because of their extreme rarity, a more precise technique for isolating CTCs is required to gain deeper insight into the character...
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is one of the most important thermoplastic materials and is a widely used material in microfluidics. However, PMMA is usually structured using industrial scale replication processes, such as hot embossing or injection mo...
Three-dimensional (3D) microelectrodes used for processing 3D microstructures in micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) can be readily prepared by laminated object manufacturing (LOM). However, the microelectrode surface always appears with...
Two types of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) with different diameters are investigated regarding their avalanche behavior. SPAD type A was designed in standard 0.35-µm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) including a 12-µ...
Low-cost and conformal phased array antennas (PAAs) on flexible substrates are of particular interest in many applications. The major deterrents to developing flexible PAA systems are the difficulty in integrating antenna and electronics circuits on...
The key optical components of X-ray grating interferometry are gratings, whose profile requirements play the most critical role in acquiring high quality images. The difficulty of etching grating lines with high aspect ratios when the pitch is in the...
Neuroprosthetics have become a powerful toolkit for clinical interventions of various diseases that affect the central nervous or peripheral nervous systems, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), functional electrical stimulation (FES), and vagus ner...
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are considerably a new member of the carbon family and shine amongst other members, thanks to their superior electrochemical, optical, and structural properties as well as biocompatibility features that enable us to engag...
With the ever-growing demand in fresh water supply, great efforts have been devoted to developing sustainable systems which could generate fresh water continuously. Solar vapor generation is one of the promising strategies which comprise an unlimited...
The key characteristics of bending sensors are piezoresistive effect, hysteresis, and durability. In this study, to investigate the influence of the aspect ratio and contents of multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) on the properties of bending sensors, MWN...
The microchip-based electrochemical detection system (μEDS) has attracted plenty of research attention due to its merits including the capability in high-density integration, high sensitivity, fast analysis time, and reduced reagent consumption. T...
We propose a broadband high-efficiency grating coupler for perfectly vertical fiber-to-chip coupling. The up-reflection is reduced, hence enhanced coupling efficiency is achieved with the help of a Fabry-Perot-like cavity composed of a silicon nitrid...
Piezoelectric nanogenerators can convert energy from ambient vibrations into electrical energy. In the future, these nanogenerators could substitute conventional electrochemical batteries to supply electrical energy to consumer electronics. The optim...
A microrobot system comprising an untethered tumbling magnetic microrobot, a two-degree-of-freedom rotating permanent magnet, and an ultrasound imaging system has been developed for in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications. The microrobot tumbles...
This paper presents microfabrication process-driven design of a multi-degree of freedom (multi-DoF) non-resonant electrostatic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope by considering the design constraints of commercially available low-cost an...
Curved compound eyes have generated great interest owing to the wide field of view but the application of devices is hindered for the lack of proper detectors. One-lens curved compound eyes with multi-focal microlenses provide a solution for wide fie...
Neurodegenerative diseases are among the most severe problems in aging societies. Various conventional experimental models, including 2D and animal models, have been used to investigate the pathogenesis of (and therapeutic mechanisms for) neurodegene...
The electroporation system can serve as a tool for the intracellular delivery of foreign cargos. However, this technique is presently limited by the inaccurate electric field applied to the single cells and lack of a real-time electroporation metrics...
Many articles have been published on scale-down concepts as well as additive manufacturing techniques. However, information is scarce when miniaturization and 3D printing are applied in the fabrication of bioreactor systems. Therefore, garnering info...
In this paper, a low cost 28 GHz Antenna-in-Package (AIP) for a 5G communication system is designed and investigated. The antenna is implemented on a low-cost FR4 substrate with a phase shift control integrated circuit, AnokiWave phasor integrated ci...
The optimal structure and process for the feedback field-effect transistor (FBFET) to operate as a logic device are investigated by using a technology computer-aided design mixed-mode simulator. To minimize the memory window of the FBFET, the channel...
Metasurfaces of gold (Au) nanoparticles on a SiO
Understanding the immune system is of great importance for the development of drugs and the design of medical implants. Traditionally, two-dimensional static cultures have been used to investigate the immune system in vitro, while animal models have...
This paper presents wear and corrosion resistance analysis of carbon nanotubes coated with Ti-6Al-4V alloy processed by electro-discharge treatment. The reported work is carried out using Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal array to design the experimenta...
Integration of microfabricated, single-cell resolution and traditional, population-level biological assays will be the future of modern techniques in biology that will enroll in the evolution of biology into a precision scientific discipline. In this...
The current gold standard technique for treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is reconstruction with autograft. These treatments have a relatively high failure and re-tear rate. To overcome this, tissue engineering and additive manufac...
The field of flexible antennas is witnessing an exponential growth due to the demand for wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) framework, point of care devices, personalized medicine platform, 5G technology, wireless sensor networks, and communi...
This study introduces a modeling method for a supermolecular structure of microtubules for the development of a force generation material using motor proteins. 3D imaging by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to obtain 3D volume densi...
In this article, the optimization of printing properties on a new, flexible ceramic substrate is reported for sensing and antenna applications encompassing internet of things (IoT) devices. E-Strate® is a commercially available, non-rigid, thin c...
With the aim to take advantage from the existing technologies in microelectronics, photodetectors should be realized with materials compatible with them ensuring, at the same time, good performance. Although great efforts are made to search for new m...
After the development of 3D printing, the post-processing of the 3D-printed materials has been continuously studied, and with the recent expansion of the application of 3D printing, interest in it is increasing. Among various surface-machining proces...
It is of great importance for pipeline systems to be is efficient, cost-effective and safe during the transportation of the liquids and gases. However, underground pipelines often experience leaks due to corrosion, human destruction or theft, long-te...
Studies on cell separation with inertial microfluidics are often carried out with solid particles initially. When this condition is applied for actual cell separations, the efficiency typically becomes lower because of the polydispersity and deformab...
Integrated 2D spiral inductors possess low inductance per unit area, which limits their application range. However, the state of investigation into the lumped-element parameter extraction method for integrated 3D in-chip multi-turn solenoid inductors...
Spherical joints have attracted increasing interest in the engineering applications of machine tools, industrial robots, medical equipment, and so on. As one of the promising methods of detecting the micro-clearance in spherical joints, the measureme...
Long-term reliability of intracortical microelectrodes remains a challenge for increased acceptance and deployment. There are conflicting reports comparing measurements associated with recording quality with postmortem histology, in attempts to bette...
The principal aim of this study was to analyze the effect of slip velocity at the microchannel wall on an alternating current electrothermal (ACET) flow micropump fitted with several pairs of electrodes. Using the finite element method (FEM), the cou...
It is essential to control concentration gradients at specific locations for many biochemical experiments. This paper proposes a tunable concentration gradient generator actuated by acoustically oscillating bubbles trapped in the bubble channels usin...
NOR/AND flash memory was studied in neuromorphic systems to perform vector-by-matrix multiplication (VMM) by summing the current. Because the size of NOR/AND cells exceeds those of other memristor synaptic devices, we proposed a 3D AND-type stacked a...
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