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Toxins, Volume 8, Issue 11

November 2016 - 41 articles

Cover Story: C. perfringens type D strain CN3718 attachment to Caco-2 cells. C. perfringens CN3718 produces sialidases named NanH, NanI and NanJ. When the wild-type strain, an isogenic triple sialidase mutant, or a NanI complementing strain were incubated with human Caco-2 cells and then gently washed, the wild-type and complementing strain attached well to Caco-2 cells, as detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. However, the isogenic mutant with all three sialidase genes disrupted attached poorly to Caco-2 cells. Similar complementation of the triple sialidase mutant to express NanH or NanJ did not increase attachment. Green:C. perfringens; Red: Caco-2 cells. From: PLoS Pathogens 2011 Dec;7(12):e1002429.View this paper.
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Articles (41)

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
6,651 Views
20 Pages

15 November 2016

Nearly all the cationic molecules tested so far have been shown to reversibly block K+ current through the cation-selective PA63 channels of anthrax toxin in a wide nM–mM range of effective concentrations. A significant increase in channel-blocking a...

  • Review
  • Open Access
54 Citations
10,206 Views
9 Pages

N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2PY)—Major Metabolite of Nicotinamide: An Update on an Old Uremic Toxin

  • Aurélie Lenglet,
  • Sophie Liabeuf,
  • Sandra Bodeau,
  • Loïc Louvet,
  • Aurélien Mary,
  • Agnès Boullier,
  • Anne Sophie Lemaire-Hurtel,
  • Alexia Jonet,
  • Pascal Sonnet and
  • Said Kamel
  • + 1 author

15 November 2016

N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2PY, a major metabolite of nicotinamide, NAM) was recently identified as a uremic toxin. Recent interventional trials using NAM to treat high levels of phosphorus in end-stage renal disease have highlighted new pote...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,980 Views
14 Pages

15 November 2016

Aflatoxin (AF) is a harmful secondary metabolite that is synthesized by the Aspergillus species. Although AF detection techniques have been developed, techniques for detection of AF synthetic fungi are still required. Techniques such as plate culture...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,784 Views
7 Pages

Depicting the Discrepancy between Tri Genotype and Chemotype on the Basis of Strain CBS 139514 from a Field Population of F. graminearum Sensu Stricto from Argentina

  • Tomasz Kulik,
  • Maciej Buśko,
  • Katarzyna Bilska,
  • Anna Ostrowska-Kołodziejczak,
  • Anne D. Van Diepeningen,
  • Juliusz Perkowski and
  • Sebastian Stenglein

12 November 2016

Recent studies on a field population of F. graminearum sensu stricto from Argentina revealed an atypical panel of strains identified through PCR genotyping as 15ADON genotypes, but producing high levels of 3ADON. Based on representative strain CBS 13...

  • Article
  • Open Access
133 Citations
12,259 Views
11 Pages

12 November 2016

Aflatoxins, a group of extremely hazardous compounds because of their genotoxicity and carcinogenicity to human and animals, are commonly found in many tropical and subtropical regions. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is proven to be an effective method...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
6,832 Views
14 Pages

Screening and Identification of Novel Ochratoxin A-Producing Fungi from Grapes

  • Xiaoyun Zhang,
  • Yulin Li,
  • Haiying Wang,
  • Xiangyu Gu,
  • Xiangfeng Zheng,
  • Yun Wang,
  • Junwei Diao,
  • Yaping Peng and
  • Hongyin Zhang

12 November 2016

Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination has been established as a world-wide problem. In this study, the strains with the ability of OTA production were screened by analyzing the green fluorescence of the isolates colonies from the grapes in Zhenjiang with...

  • Article
  • Open Access
57 Citations
9,123 Views
12 Pages

11 November 2016

Alternaria species are capable of producing several secondary toxic metabolites in infected plants and in agricultural commodities, which play important roles in food safety. Alternaria alternata turn out to be the most frequent fungal species invadi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
7,024 Views
12 Pages

Glutathione-Conjugates of Deoxynivalenol in Naturally Contaminated Grain Are Primarily Linked via the Epoxide Group

  • Silvio Uhlig,
  • Ana Stanic,
  • Ingerd S. Hofgaard,
  • Bernhard Kluger,
  • Rainer Schuhmacher and
  • Christopher O. Miles

11 November 2016

A glutathione (GSH) adduct of the mycotoxin 4-deoxynivalenol (DON), together with a range of related conjugates, has recently been tentatively identified by LC-MS of DON-treated wheat spikelets. In this study, we prepared samples of DON conjugated at...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
7,429 Views
20 Pages

Towards Engineering Novel PE-Based Immunotoxins by Targeting Them to the Nucleus

  • Marta Borowiec,
  • Michal Gorzkiewicz,
  • Joanna Grzesik,
  • Aurelia Walczak-Drzewiecka,
  • Anna Salkowska,
  • Ewelina Rodakowska,
  • Kamil Steczkiewicz,
  • Leszek Rychlewski,
  • Jaroslaw Dastych and
  • Krzysztof Ginalski

10 November 2016

Exotoxin A (PE) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferase, which can permanently inhibit translation in the attacked cells. Consequently, this toxin is frequently used in immunotoxins for targeted cancer therapies. In this stu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
122 Citations
7,712 Views
10 Pages

Curcumin Prevents Aflatoxin B1 Hepatoxicity by Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 Isozymes in Chick Liver

  • Ni-Ya Zhang,
  • Ming Qi,
  • Ling Zhao,
  • Ming-Kun Zhu,
  • Jiao Guo,
  • Jie Liu,
  • Chang-Qin Gu,
  • Shahid Ali Rajput,
  • Christopher Steven Krumm and
  • De-Sheng Qi
  • + 1 author

10 November 2016

This study was designed to establish if Curcumin (CM) alleviates Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatotoxic effects and to determine whether alteration of the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isozymes is involved in the regulation of these effects...

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Toxins - ISSN 2072-6651