Medicina, Volume 60, Issue 12

Background and Objectives: Spine surgery has undergone significant advancements, particularly with regard to robotic systems that enhance surgical techniques and improve patient outcomes. As these technologies become increasingly integrated into surg...

Background and Objectives: Current craniofacial reconstruction surgical methods have limitations because they involve facial deformation. The craniofacial region includes many areas where the mucosa, exposed to air, is closely adjacent to bone, with...

Background and Objectives: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, often presenting challenges in treatment due to its clinical and genetic heterogeneity. This study investigated the anticancer potential of Pelargo...

Background and Objectives: Osteoporosis is a common disease of the skeletal system that increases the risk of fracture. The prevalence of osteoporosis has been increasing as the aging population increases, affecting more than 200 million people world...

Background and Objectives: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a protein which stimulates the formation of new blood vessels, playing a crucial role in processes such as wound healing and tumor growth. Methods: This study investigated the ef...

Background and Objectives: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease primarily affecting hair follicles, characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, and sinus tract formation. Recent evidence suggests that weight managemen...

Background and Objectives: The impact of craniocervical posture on malocclusion has long intrigued researchers in dentistry, orthodontics, and physical therapy. This research aims to elucidate the relationship between craniocervical posture and both...

This work represents a significant contribution to understanding the importance of appropriately rounding numbers with minimal error. That is, to reduce inexact rounding and data truncation error and simultaneously eliminate unintentional misleading...

Background: The transition from the pediatric to the adult healthcare system is a challenging process involving adolescents, parents, and pediatric and adult specialists. For a successful approach for an organized transition program, we must assess t...

Background and Objectives: A high baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a poor prognostic factor in various cancers. However, its predictive role in metastatic bladder cancer (mBC) treated with immunotherapy is unclear. In this study, we a...

Objective: Chronic low-grade inflammation occurs in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and there are many contributing factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in patients with PCOS and t...

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) levels on admission have prognostic significance regarding one-year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in n...

This case presents an unusual combination between an intraventricular meningioma and a choroid plexus papilloma. Intraventricular meningiomas are rare intraventricular tumors presenting with symptoms of hydrocephalus, headache, and neurological defic...

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a wide range of biomarker expressions, resulting in varied progression, behavior, and prognosis. While traditional biopsy-based molecular classification is the gold standard, it is invasive an...

A dangerous infection contracted in hospitals, ventilator-associated pneumonia is frequently caused by bacteria that are resistant to several drugs. It is one of the main reasons why patients in intensive care units become ill or die. This research a...

Background and Objectives: The aim was to evaluate nerve healing using immunohistochemical, histological, and functional techniques and to compare the effects of two different therapeutic ozone application methods by perineural and intraperitoneal oz...

Background and Objectives: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major global public health concern, particularly in hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study aims to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of HCV-positive pa...

Background and Objectives: CD4+ T lymphocytes are the primary targets of HIV infection. CD4+ T lymphocyte count is an indicator of immune competence. In this study, we aimed to compare standard flow cytometry and point-of-care (POC) CD4+ T lymphocyte...

Background and Objectives: Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have emerged as integral therapeutic tools in the management of patients with cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome. In addition to their well-document...

Background and Objectives: Fever in patients who have suffered an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has been linked to poor clinical outcomes, as a fever can exacerbate neurological damage, increase metabolic demands, and trigger inflammatory res...

Background and Objectives: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a proven therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) cardiogenic shock (CS). Dual anti-platelet therapy (i.e., aspirin plus an oral P2Y12 inhibitor) is recommended in patients t...

Background and Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an important chronic liver disease with major health risks, especially in the presence of T2DM, but the pathophysiology of this condition is not fully unde...

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in sports and often require surgical intervention, e.g., ACL reconstruction (ACLR), aimed at restoring knee stability and enabling a return to pre-injury activity levels. The choice of graft is cru...

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of Class II subdivision teenage patients treated with Invisalign^® clear aligners (CAs) and elastics. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 individuals aged 14.3 ± 2.5 year...

Background and Objectives: Postoperative pneumonia and complications significantly impact outcomes in thoracic surgery, particularly for patients undergoing lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study evaluates whether preoperative p...

Background and Objectives: The HALP (Haemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet) score is used to predict the prognosis of different types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the role of the HALP score in predicting pathological response in...

Introduction: A Warthin tumor is a benign salivary gland neoplasm, mostly found in the parotid gland. The number of reported Warthin tumors has increased over the years due to better diagnostic modalities and health system modernization. Warthin tumo...

Background and Objectives: This systematic review examines the integration of gamified health promotion strategies in school settings, with a focus on their potential to positively influence health behaviors and promote well-being among adolescents....

The prognostic value of easily accessible hematologic biomarkers, such as the neutrophil-to-HDL ratio, as well as the monocyte-to-HDL, lymphocyte-to-HDL, and platelet-to-HDL ratios, remains underexplored in patients with established ischemic heart di...

Background and Objectives: Suicide is a pressing public health issue globally, including in Brazil, where it ranks among the leading causes of mortality. This study aimed to analyze the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal distribution of suicide mo...

Background and Objectives: The lateral arm flap has been a very useful choice for the reconstruction of small to medium-sized defects, such as in the hands, extremities, and oral head and neck area. Its versatile characteristics and surgical feasibil...

Background and Objectives: Uric acid (UA) and the markers of mineral bone metabolism and inflammation are commonly altered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are associated with the risk of cardiovascular complications and death. Studi...

Background and objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) causes myocardial and microvascular impairment, with subclinical dysfunction and eventually permanent cardio-vascular damage. The long-term influence of SSc therapies on subclinical cardiovascular d...

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic significance of staging laparoscopy (SL) compared to computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) in gastric...

Background and Objectives: Compared to the general population, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have additional disease-specific risk factors for osteoporosis that include chronic exposure to systemic inflammation. The current study aimed to invest...

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common condition observed in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS). However, the impact of TAVI on MR outcomes and the factors predictin...

Background and Objectives: Although a wide range of hematological parameters are used as blood-based inflammatory biomarkers, the role of complete blood count-derived inflammatory biomarkers in infection after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is modest. T...

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between QoL, self-assessed physical activity, and the presence and severity of muscle spasms in chronic hemodialysis patients. Patients undergoing regular in-center hemodialysis...

Background and Objectives: The role of surgery in pancreatic metastases of renal cell carcinoma (PM_RCC) is highly controversial, particularly in the context of modern systemic therapies and the conflicting results of studies published so far. This s...

Background and Objectives: This study investigated associated meniscus and ligament injuries in tibial plateau fractures using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assessed soft tissue injuries in relation to the Schatzker classification and Tscherne...

Background and Objectives: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness, affecting millions worldwide. Its pathogenesis involves the death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), followed by photoreceptor degeneration. Al...

Background and Objectives: Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (extraPTB) presents unique clinical challenges due to dual inflammatory responses and potential differences in patient profiles compared to those with SARS-CoV-2 i...

Background and Objectives: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC), particularly the HER2-positive subtype, represents a significant clinical challenge, with approximately 20–25% of breast cancer cases demonstrating HER2 overexpression. Trastuzumab, a m...

Background and Objectives: There is no reliable immune scoring system that can help us predict the postoperative outcomes of colorectal cancer patients with peritoneal metastases after cytoreductive surgery. In this cohort, the aims were (1) to evalu...

Background and Objectives: Insulin resistance (IR) is the most important factor involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes but may also develop in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Developing IR in patients with T1DM may generate a burden in achieving gly...

Background and Objectives: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) disorders are responsible for primary dysmenorrhea and are closely linked to the spine. This study aims to evaluate the effects of sacroiliac joint manipulation on the ANS and lower abdominal...

Background and Objectives: Patients with diabetes polyneuropathy are at a heightened risk for developing foot ulcers, often due to dynamic plantar foot pressure patterns that lead to increased pressure and shear forces in specific foot areas. This st...

Background and Objectives: Vasopressin increases blood pressure through aquaporin-2-mediated water retention and is useful for managing hemodynamics after surgery. However, even after decades of study, clear clinical guidelines on doses and ideal use...

Background and Objectives: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of exercise interventions for managing nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) and explores their impact on related biopsychosocial factors, physical health variables, and inflam...

Background and Objectives: Rib fractures are common in patients with trauma, and patients with multiple rib fractures often require surgical stabilization. Because rib fractures may occur at different sites along the ribs, the technical approach to s...