Introduction: Endotoxin-mediated septic shock is a life-threatening condition characterized by systemic inflammation and hemodynamic instability. While Polymyxin-B hemoadsorption (Toraymyxin®) is well-studied in adults, its use in pediatric patie...
Background/Objectives: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) often experience treatment-related side effects. Physical therapy (PT) surveillance programs are helpful in identifying impairments; however, they do not typically incorporate as...
Background: Pediatric-onset Evans syndrome (pES) is a rare autoimmune disorder defined by the coexistence or sequential development of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), frequently accompanied by autoimmune neutrope...
Background: Worldwide breastfeeding initiation and exclusive rates at 6 months remain lower than recommended. Our scoping review aimed to identify interventions to improve breastfeeding duration in primiparous women. We assessed interventions’...
Background: Pediatric oral mucosal lesions are common and may indicate local or systemic disease, yet their recognition in primary healthcare often depends on non-dental professionals. Aim: To assess the preparedness of dentists, pediatricians, and f...
Background: Ovarian torsion (OT) is a rare but urgent surgical condition in children and adolescents. Evidence on how management differs between pediatric (PD) and non-pediatric (Non-PD) departments in Germany remains limited. Methods: We conducted a...
Aim: To undertake a prospective review to identify the intra-procedure complications in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy with six-lobe lavage and a retrospective review to identify the rates of delayed discharge and readmission. Methods: The...
As survival rates for children with cancer and immune disorders have improved, clinical focus has shifted toward managing serious treatment-related complications. Intestinal perforation remains life-threatening and is typically diagnosed by signs of...
Purpose: Higher health literacy is associated with better health behaviors and better overall well-being; however, the contribution of relational and socio-economic factors to this association remains insufficiently explored. The present study aimed...
Background: Pediatric lymphomas comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies with substantial variation in their clinical presentation. In Mexico, detailed case-based characterization remains limited. This study summarizes the demographic and clini...
Background/Objectives: High-quality pediatric emergency care requires timely access, effective communication, privacy, pain management, comfort, and child- and family-centered practices; however, implementation may be constrained by several barriers....
Background/Objectives: Adolescence is a critical developmental period during which peer attitudes and school experiences play an important role in social inclusion and academic adjustment. Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is c...
Background/Objectives: Injuries remain a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Europe, despite improved prevention. Infants under one year are particularly vulnerable because of limited motor control and complete dependence on caregiver...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted health systems, including the delivery of childhood immunizations. This study assessed COVID-19 vaccination coverage in families of children with incomplete routine immunization and explored w...
Background: Adolescence is a critical stage for establishing lifelong dietary habits and preventing non-communicable diseases through adequate intake of bioactive compounds. Numerous studies have thoroughly examined the antioxidant profile of traditi...
Background: Pancreatic involvement in Kawasaki disease (KD) is rare. Case presentation: A 13-year-old adolescent presented with severe epigastric pain, elevated pancreatic enzyme levels, and conjunctival injection, but he lacked a fever and the other...
This study aims to establish diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for common pediatric nuclear medicine (NM) procedures performed within the Dubai Health sector. The established DRLs will serve as a benchmark for pediatric NM practice, supporting stand...
Cholestatic diseases in children represent a heterogeneous group of disorders that, with few exceptions, have no cure. For decades, off-label drugs and/or drugs with little evidence of efficacy have been used to treat pruritus or as supportive therap...
Background: Severe lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in neurologically and anatomically normal children is uncommon and frequently underdiagnosed. When severe, functional voiding disorders may closely mimic obstructive or reflux pathology, leadi...
Background: Borderline left ventricle represents a heterogeneous spectrum of congenital heart disease for which accurate prediction of suitability for biventricular versus univentricular circulation is often difficult. Serial fetal echocardiography m...
Background: Violent TV series and streaming content are increasingly accessible to children, raising concerns about behavioral imitation and psychological effects. This study examined copycat behaviors and associated emotional and somatic symptoms am...
When fabricating custom-made mouthguards for children, tooth replacement is an important factor for dentists to consider. In addition, orofacial myofunctional disorders and deleterious oral habits—such as incompetent lip seal and tongue thrusti...
The management of supracondylar fractures in children remains a challenging area of orthopedic practice. Medial comminution is a recognized complication that can result in unstable fracture patterns, which can pose challenges in diagnosis and managem...
In recent years, the development of new diagnostic technologies, such as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS), has caused a veritable revolution in the diagnosis of genetic diseases, reducing time, cost, and invasiven...
Background/Objectives: The effects of online physical activity (PA) interventions on executive function (EF) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms are promising; nonetheless, their benefits for Latinx youth remain unclear. Meth...
Purpose: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a major public health and forensic concern, often involving delayed disclosure that limits evidence collection and affects judicial outcomes. This study analyzed disclosure patterns, victim–perpetrator chara...
Aim: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in children are a common but often underestimated emergency. Parental knowledge and timely response are crucial for successful treatment. This study aimed to evaluate parental knowledge, experiences, and awareness...
An imperforate hymen is a rare congenital genital anomaly causing menstrual blood retention during puberty. Treatment consists of a simple surgical incision of the hymenal membrane. We present a case of a 14-year-old girl who was admitted to the Emer...
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to adapt the Sharenting Evaluation Scale to Turkish and to test its reliability and validity. Methods: Through an online data collection platform, we recruited 391 parents (Mage = 42.2, SDage = 5.6, 76% fe...
Background/Objectives: Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is a significant health problem leading to cognitive impairment and reduced quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and etiology of DRE in children in Estonia. Methods: A ret...
Background/Objectives: Preterm newborns (NBs) are at increased risk of motor developmental impairments. Evidence on inflammatory and neurotrophic biomarkers measured in the neonatal period as predictors of motor outcomes is scarce and heterogeneous....
This case report describes mandibular distraction osteogenesis (DO) in a six-year-old patient with first and second branchial arch syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea, in whom 3D surgical planning was combined with ultrasonography (US) for postopera...
Background: Procedural pain and anxiety are common phenomena among children hospitalized in pediatric wards; however, they are often under-recognized. These experiences frequently accompany patients during various diagnostic and therapeutic procedure...
Background/Objectives: This study evaluates a media prevention program conducted in elementary schools. Methods: A one-week media program, carried out with fourth graders in Leipzig, Germany, was evaluated using a non-randomized controlled cluster de...
Τargeted genetic sequencing in a 6-year-old with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and biopsy findings of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) revealed a novel COL4A3 pathogenic variant (p.Arg341His). Combined with electron microscopy fin...
Background and Clinical Significance: Urticaria in children is generally self-limiting, and infections are a significant trigger. While anti-IgE therapy (Omalizumab) is approved for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in adolescents and adults, its r...
Objectives: Global Developmental Delay (GDD) and Intellectual Disability (ID) are prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders with significant disability burden, and genetic factors play a crucial role in their etiology. This study aimed to develop and va...
Background: Open access endoscopy (OAE) allows outpatient endoscopic procedures without prior consultation with the endoscopist, a practice common in adult gastroenterology but not part of pediatric gastroenterology practice. Here we evaluate the fea...
Background/Objective: Even in the absence of infection, prolonged rupture of membranes (PROM) has been associated with elevated neonatal C-reactive protein (CRP). As both the sensitivity and specificity of CRP in predicting early-onset neonatal sepsi...
Background: Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal disorder resulting from loss-of-function variants in the EXT1, EXT2, or EXT3 genes. While malignant transformation into chondrosarcoma is well documented, the incid...
Early identification of neurodevelopmental trajectories is essential for timely intervention in infancy. While joint mobility is often seen as an indicator of motor capacity, its link to early functional performance remains unclear. This study examin...
Aim: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a widespread and multifactorial oral disease that affects children globally. Parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors are crucial in preventing ECC and supporting oral health. This study evaluated Croati...
Background/Objectives: Lumbar puncture (LP) remains a vital pediatric procedure for diagnosing neurological and systemic conditions. Despite its clinical significance, parental hesitation to authorize pediatric LP often impedes early diagnosis and ca...
Background: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis affecting children under five years of age, with atypical presentations posing diagnostic challenges and a higher risk of coronary complications when untreated. Methods: We report on a 2-year-o...
Diaphragmatic paralysis (DP) in neonates is a rare yet potentially life-threatening cause of respiratory distress, often resulting from obstetric trauma or cardiac surgery. This report presents two distinct cases of bilateral DP: one following a dyst...
Extremely premature newborns are predisposed to cardiovascular complications due to a number of factors, including myocardial immaturity, hemodynamic changes, and iatrogenic effects. There are few studies on myocardial strain in extremely premature i...
Background/Objectives: Premature births below 32 weeks of gestation generally require respiratory oxygen support, leading to a relatively hyperoxic environment compared to in utero conditions. Transient hyperoxia exposure has been linked to an elevat...
Background: Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis represents one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders in infants. It presents with severe persistent vomiting and electrolyte imbalance. Pyloromyotomy is the gold standard approach in the...
Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) pose a significant clinical challenge in paediatric populations, especially in children with comorbidities who may exhibit underlying immune dysregulation. Inosine pranobex (IP) is an immunomodulatory a...
Objectives: This study evaluated changes in serum sodium (S Na) 24 h after the administration of isotonic versus hypotonic intravenous fluids (IVFs) and the incidences of dysnatremia and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Methods: This double-blind,...
