Monitoring, Diagnosis and Treatment in Neurocritical Care

Dear Colleagues,

Neurocritical care is an evolving field focused on managing patients with acute neurological and neurosurgical conditions. In this context, early detection of secondary brain injuries, accurate prognostication, and timely therapeutic interventions are crucial for improving outcomes and guiding clinical decision-making. Advances in multimodal neuromonitoring, neuroimaging, biomarkers, and personalized treatment strategies are transforming the assessment and management of these critically ill patients.

This Special Issue, titled “Monitoring, Diagnosis and Treatment in Neurocritical Care,” aims to provide a comprehensive and multidisciplinary overview of current and emerging strategies for diagnosing, monitoring, treating, and prognosticating acute brain injury. Special emphasis will be placed on multimodal neuromonitoring techniques, which include monitoring intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion, cerebral oxygenation, electroencephalography, advanced neuroimaging, and identifying circulating or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.

Additionally, we will focus on neuroprognostication, which involves predicting neurological outcomes through multimodal approaches, assessing consciousness and neurological recovery, and addressing the uncertainties and potential biases associated with prognostic models. The intricate relationship between neuroprognostication and clinical decision-making will also be explored, particularly in relation to the withholding or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments, and its ethical considerations.

The Special Issue will also explore the integration of clinical, physiological, imaging and biological data and the emerging roles of artificial intelligence and precision medicine. Original research, reviews and meta-analyses addressing traumatic brain injury, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypoxic–ischemic brain injury, status epilepticus and other acute neurological conditions are welcome. Ultimately, this Special Issue seeks to promote an integrated, evidence-based and patient-centered approach to neurocritical care.

Dr. Gabriele Melegari
Guest Editor

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