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Inventions, Volume 11, Issue 4

2026 August - 21 articles

Cover Story: The rapid growth of AI data centers is creating variable and mission-critical power demands that challenge conventional backup systems. This study proposes an islanded microgrid architecture that coordinates a gas turbine generator with long-duration energy storage to support dynamic AI workloads. A probabilistic workload model captures training, fine-tuning, and inference across a 12 MW AI data center power block. A reliability-driven LDES sizing method uses a 12 h autonomy criterion, while a multi-metric optimization framework identifies GTG operating points that reduce storage cycling and energy movement. Results show that optimal GTG operation follows the time-varying average workload and maintains LDES state of charge within the desired range. The framework provides guidance for reliable AI data center power systems. View this paper
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Articles (21)

  • Article
  • Open Access
239 Views
25 Pages

Coordinated Dispatch for Partitioned Power Grids Under Extreme Weather with a Flexibility Supply–Demand Balance Approach

  • Yanhong Ma,
  • Jinggeng Gao,
  • Kun Wang,
  • Yujie Li,
  • Wenjun Liu,
  • Yanqing Lu,
  • Jian Xiong and
  • Keteng Jiang

To address the insufficient flexibility in power systems caused by renewable energy output uncertainty during extreme weather events, a coordinated source–network–load–storage (SNLS) dispatch method that combines a flexibility suppl...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
501 Views
22 Pages

This study presents the development and validation of an intelligent error compensator based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks for dynamic weighing systems in copper concentrate belt conveyors. Conventional weighing systems f...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Inventions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
636 Views
18 Pages

In short-duration power-support applications of energy storage stations, state of power (SOP) estimation should reflect the constant-power boundary over the target horizon, while constant-current extrapolation may misrepresent the current rise caused...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
278 Views
22 Pages

To address the challenges of integrating multi-source heterogeneous data, fragmented fault knowledge, and the limited capability of traditional rule engines in recognizing edge cases for ultra-high voltage (UHV) bushing fault diagnosis, this paper pr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics of Composite Materials: Strength, Deformation, and Failure Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
564 Views
26 Pages

Low-Cost Pulsed Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of ZnO-rGO and F-Doped SnO2 Thin Films

  • Seham K. Abdel-Aal,
  • Mohamed F. Kandeel,
  • Raghda Sabry,
  • Maxim Ganchev,
  • Stanka Spasova,
  • Abdallah Dayhoum and
  • Ahmed S. Abdel-Rahman

In the present work, graphene-modified zinc oxide (ZnO-rGO) and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films were successfully fabricated using a simple, low-cost pulsed spray pyrolysis technique. The structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Advanced Manufacturing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
761 Views
21 Pages

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) data centers introduces highly variable and mission-critical load profiles that challenge conventional power supply strategies. This paper proposes an islanded microgrid gas turbine generator (GTG) and...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
505 Views
71 Pages

Symbolic regression and symbolic classification generate explicit mathematical expressions that combine predictive modelling with direct model interpretability. However, symbolic learning based on genetic programming can be computationally expensive...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards Interpretable and Transparent AI: Innovations in Symbolic Learning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
339 Views
18 Pages

Rubber particles shed from aging seals in converter transformers can distort local electric fields and degrade insulation. As a critical but understudied impurity in converter transformers, the migration and accumulation mechanisms of rubber particle...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics of Composite Materials: Strength, Deformation, and Failure Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
522 Views
27 Pages

Online signature verification (OSV) remains challenging under few-shot enrollment and multi-posture conditions, where limited reference samples and writing variations increase intra-writer variability and degrade verification performance. Existing me...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Design, Modeling and Computing Methods)
  • Article
  • Open Access
432 Views
32 Pages

From Protected Concept to Validated Prototype: TRL Assessment of a Utility-Model Protected Compact LiBr–H2O Evaporator–Absorber Subsystem with Exploratory Neural Network Analysis

  • Germán Díaz-Flórez,
  • Santiago Villagrana-Barraza,
  • Ma. Auxiliadora Araiza-Esquivel,
  • Sodel Vázquez-Reyes,
  • Perla Velasco-Elizondo,
  • Luis E. Bañuelos-García,
  • Mario Molina-Almaraz and
  • Genis Díaz-Flórez

This manuscript presents a patent-based engineering case study of a compact LiBr–H2O evaporator–absorber unit, tracing its progression from conceptual embodiment to laboratory validation through contextualized technology-readiness assessm...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Inventions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,111 Views
25 Pages

This paper presents an attitude filter that encodes both orientation and uncertainty in a single four-dimensional vector, requiring no covariance propagation or normalization constraints. The filter state is the natural parameter of the von Mises&nda...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Design, Modeling and Computing Methods)
  • Article
  • Open Access
497 Views
12 Pages

Approach to NMR Experiments with the Molten Objects Without Solvents

  • Ilya Grishanovich,
  • Semyon Shestakov,
  • Semyon Krysanov and
  • Aleksandr Kozhevnikov

This article proposes an approach for acquiring HSQC (Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence) spectra using a high-resolution probehead originally designed for solutions. The method is suitable for studying organic substances with relatively low melt...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Applied Chemistry and Physics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,169 Views
14 Pages

Integrated Triboelectric Energy Harvesting and Displacement Monitoring for Low-Frequency Railway Bridge Vibrations

  • Lixia Meng,
  • Zhongrui Wang,
  • Chao Li,
  • Xiangzhuang Bi,
  • Shiming Liu and
  • Xiang Li

Achieving sustainable structural health monitoring remains a critical challenge for intelligent railway infrastructures, where distributed sensing networks require continuous power supply and long-term maintenance. Although low-frequency railway brid...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
829 Views
23 Pages

This paper presents a novel method for designing manufacturable porous infill structures using a Voronoi-based topology optimization framework. By integrating discrete Voronoi representations into density-based topology optimization in a differentiab...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Advances in Computational Fabrication and Structural Optimization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
579 Views
24 Pages

Development of a Low-Cost Measurement Platform for HF RFID Tag Antenna Performance Evaluation at 13.56 MHz

  • Claudia Constantinescu,
  • Adina Giurgiuman,
  • Vasile Topa,
  • Calin Munteanu,
  • Sergiu Andreica,
  • Marian Gliga,
  • Laszlo Rapolti and
  • Claudia Pacurar

High-frequency (HF) RFID systems operating at 13.56 MHz are widely used in applications such as near-field communication, contactless identification, and smart sensing. Their performance strongly depends on the inductive coupling between the reader a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Inventions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
558 Views
36 Pages

Camouflage design for jungle environments has conventionally relied on the static optimization of color, texture, and edge features, presuming that the background remains visually stable. This presumption diverges from real conditions, in which wind...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Inventions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
392 Views
28 Pages

A Multi-Market Hierarchical Joint Clearing Optimization Method Considering Dynamic Carbon Emissions Based on Transformer

  • Xin Huang,
  • Minjia Zheng,
  • Gaohong Liu,
  • Hao Yu,
  • Borui Liao,
  • Keteng Jiang and
  • Haibo Li

Against the backdrop of China’s dual-carbon goals and the development of new power systems, the large-scale integration of renewable energy has intensified system regulation requirements and imposed higher demands on the low-carbon performance...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
526 Views
20 Pages

To satisfy the requirements of multi-level power output in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, this paper proposes a multi-level power regulation strategy based on primary-side hardware reuse and inverter mode selection. The proposed approach redu...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
373 Views
23 Pages

Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy Storage’s Participation in the Energy/Secondary Frequency Regulation Auxiliary Services Market

  • Ge Qin,
  • Yunbo Wu,
  • Dongyuan Li,
  • Yufeng Wang,
  • Baisen Zhang,
  • Chutong Wang,
  • Jiaoshen Xu and
  • Haifeng Liang

In response to the contradiction between the insufficient flexibility of nuclear power due to the high proportion of renewable energy grid connection and the increasing demand for system frequency regulations, this paper proposes a coordinated operat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances and Challenges in Emerging Power Systems: 3rd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
625 Views
13 Pages

Smart Ear-Mounted Heart Rate Monitoring Device as a Proof-of-Concept Platform for Calving Monitoring in Dairy Cows

  • Mónica B. Torres Dávila,
  • Miguel Á. García Sánchez,
  • Mario Molina Almaraz,
  • Eduardo García Sánchez,
  • Luis E. Bañuelos García,
  • José C. Torres Dávila,
  • Ma. del Rosario Martínez Blanco,
  • Luis O. Solís Sánchez,
  • Gerardo Sánchez Sandoval and
  • Luis H. Mendoza Huizar

Calving in cattle is divided into two main stages: dilation and expulsion, during which timely assistance can reduce reproductive losses. This study presents a smart ear-mounted device as a proof-of-concept heart-rate monitoring platform for calving-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Inventions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
574 Views
19 Pages

Ultra-high-voltage direct-current (UHVDC) transmission systems impose stringent requirements on the reliability of insulation materials used in converter transformer bushings. Epoxy resin systems are key insulating materials in resin-impregnated pape...

(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications)
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Inventions - ISSN 2411-5134