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Journal of Clinical Medicine, Volume 14, Issue 22

November-2 2025 - 369 articles

Cover Story: Topical tretinoin is a first-generation retinoid with well-established efficacy in acne and photoaging. Its pleiotropic actions on epidermal differentiation, inflammation, pigmentation and collagen remodeling support a broad range of dermatologic uses. This review summarizes evidence from clinical trials and prospective studies published between 2000 and 2025, including FDA-approved indications and expanding off-label applications. Beyond acne and photoaging, tretinoin shows potential benefits in melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, acanthosis nigricans, striae distensae, scarring, flat warts, alopecia, actinic keratosis and field cancerization. Overall, tretinoin remains a versatile, well-tolerated therapy with growing relevance in modern dermatology. View this paper
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Articles (369)

  • Article
  • Open Access
483 Views
16 Pages

Cochlear Implantation in Children with Inner Ear Malformations: Auditory Outcomes, Safety and the Role of Anatomical Severity

  • Miriam González-García,
  • Cristina Alonso-González,
  • Francisco Ropero-Romero,
  • Estefanía Berrocal-Postigo,
  • Francisco Javier Aguilar-Vera,
  • Concepción Gago-Torres,
  • Leyre Andrés-Ustárroz,
  • Manuel Lazo-Maestre,
  • M. Amparo Callejón-Leblic and
  • Serafín Sánchez-Gómez

20 November 2025

Background/Objectives: Cochlear implantation (CI) has been shown to be effective in children with inner ear malformations (IEMs). However, outcomes vary with malformation type and anatomical complexity. Advances in radiological classification may imp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
494 Views
16 Pages

To Breathe or Not to Breathe: Spontaneous Ventilation During Thoracic Surgery in High-Risk COPD Patients—A Feasibility Study

  • Matyas Szarvas,
  • Csongor Fabo,
  • Gabor Demeter,
  • Adam Oszlanyi,
  • Stefan Vaida,
  • Jozsef Furak and
  • Zsolt Szabo

20 November 2025

Background: Spontaneous ventilation with intubation (SVI) during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been introduced as a hybrid technique that combines the physiological benefits of spontaneous breathing with the safety of a secured airw...

  • Article
  • Open Access
610 Views
16 Pages

Recurrence Patterns in Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis

  • Cristina Marinela Oprean,
  • Teodora Hoinoiu,
  • Larisa Maria Badau,
  • Radu Vidra,
  • Tiberiu Dragomir,
  • Gabriel-Mugurel Dragomir,
  • Daniel Piț,
  • Alexandru Catalin Motofelea,
  • Nadica Motofelea and
  • Alis Dema
  • + 1 author

20 November 2025

Background: Breast cancer mortality and long-term survival are influenced by the unpredictability of recurrences, which cause significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for oncology teams. The risk of local and distant recurrence is higher in...

  • Review
  • Open Access
901 Views
17 Pages

Recent Advancements in the Clinical Pathway of Respiration-Synchronized Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

  • Dorine Van Loo,
  • Eldar Tukanov,
  • Marijke Dieltjens,
  • Sara Op de Beeck,
  • Eli Van de Perck,
  • Johan Verbraecken and
  • Olivier M. Vanderveken

20 November 2025

Background: Respiration-synchronized hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) is an effective treatment option for selected patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). While literature on the standardization of the post-implant care pathway for patients...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
434 Views
20 Pages

Diagnostic Applications of Ultrasound Imaging in Dental Implantology: A Systematic Review

  • Carlo Barausse,
  • Subhi Tayeb,
  • Martina Sansavini,
  • Gerardo Pellegrino and
  • Pietro Felice

20 November 2025

Background/Objectives: Conventional radiographic methods, although considered the gold standard for dental implantology, are not exempt from certain limitations, including their two-dimensional nature, the exposure to ionizing radiation and the inabi...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
752 Views
13 Pages

Balancing Safety and Efficacy: Factor XIa INHIBITORS vs. DOACs in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

  • Jacinthe Khater,
  • Marco Frazzetto,
  • Shamin Hayat Mahmud,
  • Ashkan Yahyavi,
  • Sara Malakouti,
  • Bharat Khialani and
  • Bernardo Cortese

20 November 2025

Background: Current ESC guidelines recommend the use of oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of arterial embolization. Recently, Factor XIa inhibitors were investigated as an alternative to the commonly u...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
530 Views
16 Pages

Mitochondrial Macular Dystrophy—A Case Report and Mini Review of Retinal Dystrophies

  • Grzegorz Rotuski,
  • Katarzyna Paczwa,
  • Justyna Mędrzycka,
  • Radosław Różycki and
  • Joanna Gołębiewska

20 November 2025

Background: Retinal dystrophies are often challenging to diagnose. At early stages, they may resemble benign retinal pigment epithelium alterations and drusen present in otherwise healthy individuals. With the increased incidence of autoimmunity-rela...

  • Article
  • Open Access
354 Views
18 Pages

Perioperative Patient Blood Management in Primary Knee and Hip Arthroplasty—Nonsense or Necessity?

  • Johannes Neugebauer,
  • Clemens Strassegger,
  • David Putzer,
  • Melanie Schindler,
  • Adriana Palacio-Giraldo,
  • Markus Neubauer,
  • Gianpaolo Leone,
  • Herbert Koinig and
  • Dietmar Dammerer

20 November 2025

Background/Objectives: The perioperative management of a patient’s blood values involves the optimization of anemia management in the pre-, intra-, and postoperative periods to avoid blood transfusions. The purpose of this study was to determin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
244 Views
11 Pages

Male Gender and Normal Trochlear Anatomy Are Associated with a Higher Risk of Osteochondral Fracture Following Patellar Dislocation: A Retrospective Review of 261 Skeletally Mature Patients

  • Johannes Rüther,
  • Markus Geßlein,
  • Michael Millrose,
  • Maximilian Willauschus,
  • Jonas Beck,
  • Niklas Engel,
  • Andreas Kopf,
  • Hermann Josef Bail and
  • Lotta Hielscher

20 November 2025

Background: Osteochondral fractures (OCFs) following acute patellar dislocation significantly influence treatment decisions and long-term prognosis, yet reliable risk stratification remains elusive. This study aimed to identify demographic and trochl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
339 Views
17 Pages

The Impact of OXTR, COMT, and GRIN2B Polymorphisms on Brain Development in Preterm Infants

  • Eon Yak Kim,
  • Hyuna Kim,
  • Yong Hun Jang,
  • Woochang Hwang,
  • Junho K Hur,
  • Young-Eun Kim,
  • Sungmin Lim,
  • Dong-Hye Ye and
  • Hyun Ju Lee

20 November 2025

Background/Objectives: Preterm infants are at risk for developmental delays due to immature brain development and increased sensitivity to environmental stress. Genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in *OXTR* rs2268490, *COMT* rs4818, and *GRIN2B*,...

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J. Clin. Med. - ISSN 2077-0383