Journal of Clinical Medicine, Volume 14, Issue 24

Objectives: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of vasculitides sharing a common pathophysiology, which affects small and medium blood vessels. Sinonasal involvement is one of the most common manifestatio...

Background: Liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver disease, yet the immunological consequences of surgical trauma in these patients are not fully understood. The liver plays a central role in immune regulat...

Background/Objectives: Only limited data on the characteristics and outcomes of patients with multiple acute concomitant cerebral infarcts (MACCI) exist. MACCI may imply a cardioembolic source and echocardiography is important in evaluating for poten...

Background/Objectives: Measuring cardiac output (CO) is essential for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in pulmonary hypertension (PH). CO assessment based on thermodilution (TD) or Direct Fick (DF) during standard right heart catheterization (RHC...

Frailty profoundly influences the risks, benefits, and outcomes of medical care, yet clinical decision making during an acute health crisis is often driven by single-system treatment paradigms rather than a holistic understanding of patient values, p...

Background/Objectives: Insulin resistance (IR) is a key feature of metabolic disorders and a major precursor of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and TyG-based indices—including TyG–bod...

Background: Vertical root fracture (VRF) is a severe complication of endodontically treated teeth with a poor prognosis. Despite many tentative tooth-preserving approaches, the current main treatment remains tooth extraction or root resection, which...

Background/Objective: Emerging evidence indicates that temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients may present features of nociplastic pain (NP), characterized by central sensitization (CS)-related symptoms. This study aims to identify factors associa...

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an increasingly recognized cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy in which extracellular amyloid deposition leads to progressive structural and functional impairment. Beyond myocardial infiltration, growing evidence highlight...

Background/Objectives: Digitalization of intensive care units (ICUs) aims to enhance patient safety and efficiency through standardized documentation, real-time data integration, and clinical decision support. This study evaluated whether the impleme...

Background: Despite significant advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART), disparities in clinical outcomes persist. While patient-related factors are well-studied, the role of partner ethnicity remains understudied. We hypothesized that par...

Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FELD) has emerged over time as a minimally invasive alternative to conventional microdiscectomy. This narrative review summarizes the available evidence regarding the evolution, indications, techniques, and outcomes...

Background: Quantifying intraoperative nociceptive responses under general anesthesia remains challenging, particularly during complex procedures such as spinal surgery. The Nociception Level (NoL) index is a multiparametric tool designed to reflect...

Background: Dental caries is a prevalent global oral health issue. The early detection of enamel caries, the initial stage of decay, is critical to preventive dentistry but is often limited by the subjectivity and variability of conventional diagnost...

Introduction: Allogeneic penetrating limbo-keratoplasty (limbo-PK) is one of the surgical methods for the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). We report real-life results on different entities. Methods: Patients treated with limbo-PK at t...

Linear growth is traditionally attributed to the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis, yet “growth without GH” is documented. We report five patients with severe GH deficiency—one congenital and four acquire...

Background/Objectives: We hypothesized that older recipients have a higher rate of kidney graft failure compared to younger recipients. Thus, we assessed 60-month kidney graft failure (KGF) among deceased donor recipients aged 65 years or older and c...

Background/Objective: Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) achieves indirect decompression through restoration of disc height. Because maintenance of the restored disc space is essential for sustained neural decompression, solid fusion without cage...

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main microbial fermentation products in the colon, have immunometabolic and anti-neoplastic properties. Alterations in fecal SCFA profiles have been proposed as potential non-invasive biomarkers for co...

Background/Objectives: Chronic locked posterior shoulder dislocations (PSDs) are rare and often misdiagnosed, leading to delayed treatment and complex management. This study retrospectively evaluates surgical outcomes in patients treated for chronic...

Background: Crowned dens syndrome (CDS) is characterized by acute neck pain and restricted motion due to calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal deposition around the atlantoaxial joint. Although recognized as sufficient for the diagnosis of CPP depositi...

Background/Objectives: The bolus dose of norepinephrine (NE) for the treatment of spinal anesthesia-induced maternal hypotension remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of two different bolus doses of NE in the t...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate an automated fluid infusion management system for preventing hypotension during general anesthesia. Methods: This study was a single-blind, randomized, non-inferiority, clinical trial. S...

Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare vasculitis, and contemporary population data from Central and Eastern Europe are limited. Aim: To describe hospital-based incidence, patient characteristics and comorbidities...

Background/Objectives: To examine the safety and clinical applicability of a newly developed outdoor-simulated interactive indoor cycling device as a potential exercise modality for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with cardiovascular disease...

Background/Objectives: Intensive care units (ICU) immobility and weakness impair recovery, yet practice for Physical Therapist (PT)-led therapeutic exercise and mobility varies in definitions, dosing, safety, and documentation, which limits comparabi...

Background/Objective: The standard approach for managing suspected basal cell carcinoma (BCC) involves performing a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis before treatment. This process often leads to multiple visits and increased healthcare costs. We aimed...

Objectives: To compare the effects of two preoperative dry eye treatments—3% diquafosol sodium (DQS) and intense pulsed light with meibomian gland expression (IPL-MGX)—on refractive accuracy in cataract surgery and identify tear break-up...

Background/Objectives: Single-sided deafness (SSD) treatment options include Contralateral Routing of Signal (CROS) or Bilateral Routing of Signal (BiCROS) systems, bone conduction devices, cochlear implants (CIs) and no intervention. Aligning treatm...

Background/Objectives: Various pathophysiological mechanisms play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There is a need for new biomarkers that can complement existing clinical findings, particularly in the early diagnosis and...

Background: Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are increasingly recognized in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), yet their molecular underpinnings remain poorly defined. We sought to synthesize current evidence on biomarker associations with muscle...

Background/Objectives: Consensus exists on the effectiveness of surgery in improving scapular position and appearance in Sprengel’s deformity, yet evidence regarding functional outcomes is limited. This study aimed to evaluate functional result...

Background/Objectives: Lipedema is a chronic, progressive adipo-fascial disorder characterized by connective tissue dysfunction, fibrosis, microangiopathy, and adipose tissue proliferation. Although lipedema has traditionally been described as a regi...

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the most significant risk factors for 5-year mortality in patients with paroxysmal and persistent drug-refractory tachysystolic atrial fibrillation after undergoing atrioventricular node ablation (AVNA)...

Background: Preservation of posterior occlusal support is critical for maintaining residual dentition in partially edentulous patients. Although implant-supported restorations are widely used, long-term evidence on their role in preventing tooth loss...

Heart failure (HF) is a condition with a high clinical and healthcare burden. In Europe, the current incidence is approximately 5 per 1000 persons per year in the adult population, with a prevalence of 1–2%. Prognosis remains poor, with persist...

Early identification of motor difficulties is essential in infancy and early childhood, and current American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations emphasize that motor surveillance should accompany routine clinical visits. One standardized tool widel...

Background: Up to 10% of emergency department (ED) patients present with palliative care needs. Despite rising demand for palliative expertise in acute care, ED processes for these patients remain heterogeneous, and data from German EDs are limited....

Background/Objectives: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents a critical complication in polytrauma patients, characterized by diffuse lung inflammation and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates with mortality rates reaching 45% in intensive...

Background/Objectives: Apical periodontitis is a prevalent dental condition associated with systemic inflammation. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of inflammatory status. While previous studies have examined CRP changes after endodo...

Background/Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations affect health and mortality, yet current risk assessments based on previous events have limitations and are less preventative. This study used metabolomics to assess if...

Objective: We aimed to develop multidisciplinary recommendations for the management of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome in Spain. Methods: The Delphi method was used. The final questionnaire comprised 61 statements that were...

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) patients are generally admitted to the hospital, which leads to significant burden on healthcare systems. Many PE patients are hemodynamically stable and can be ambulated safely. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)...

Background/Objectives: To investigate the non-inferiority of preservative-free (PF) tafluprost eye drops (Taflotan sine^®) compared to latanoprost eye drops (Xalatan^®) in reducing mean 24 h intraocular pressure (IOP) on the second day of a diu...

Background: Laser Speckle Flowgraphy (LSFG) is a non-invasive imaging technology that quantitatively evaluates retinal and choroidal blood flow by analyzing speckle patterns generated by laser light scattering. This systematic review summarizes the a...

Background: Monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway, such as erenumab (ERE), are effective migraine-preventive therapies for many patients. Identifying clinical and genetic factors associated with treatment...

Background: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) applications have gained increasing popularity in recent years and are used by an ever-increasing number of people on a day-to-day basis. While the performance of the earlier-generation generative A...

Background/Objectives: Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (ELIF) represents a key milestone in minimally invasive spinal surgery, offering reduced tissue trauma, lower complication rates, and faster recovery compared with open fusion. However, its st...

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by pain, limited mobility, an increased risk of depression, and sleep disturbances, which significantly impact quality of life (QoL). Analyzing psychosocial and environmental factors can identify...

Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status have emerged as promising prognostic indicators across various malignancies; however, their clinical relevance in advanced laryngeal cancer remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate t...