2025 October - 86 articles
Influenza viruses, featured by high variability, pose a persistent public health threat because of an annual seasonal epidemic in the world and irregular global pandemic, requiring animal models to elucidate their pathogenic mechanisms and advance pr...
Background/Objectives: Maternally derived antibody (MDA) levels of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) may eventually interfere with humoral response and vaccination efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a ready-to-use PCV2d and Mycoplasma h...
Background: The achievement of the goals of the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030) requires vaccines to be developed and implemented that meet the needs and requirements of the final users: vaccinators and vaccinees. A detailed and shared understandin...
Background: To prospectively evaluate the safety and clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Subanalysis of the Brazilian multicenter observational study “Safety, Effectiveness and Du...
Background/Objectives: Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, significantly affects the functional status and quality of life of older adults and immunocompromised individuals. Vaccination represents an effective str...
Background/Objectives: Classical swine fever (CSF) is listed by the World Organisation for Animal Health as a highly devastating and contagious pig disease, causing severe economic losses to the swine industry. In spite of the successful elimination...
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the mpox (MPX) outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 23 July 2022, and 14 August 2024, respectively, underscoring the confirmed and concerning global spread of the disease....
Background: Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy couples direct tumor lysis with systemic immune priming, yet clinical benefit remains heterogeneous and the predictive biomarker landscape is poorly defined. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis...
Background: Herpes zoster (HZ), commonly known as shingles, is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that predominantly affects older adults and immunocompromised individuals. Vaccination with the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) has proven ef...
Influenza is a contagious respiratory viral infection that remains a persistent global public-health threat responsible for three to five million severe illnesses and 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory deaths annually [...]
Background: The current polio epidemiology in Pakistan poses a unique challenge for global eradication, with polio transmission dynamics influenced by regional variations in immunity and disparities in immunization coverage. This study assesses the i...
Background: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary pathogen responsible for postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and related diseases, leading to significant economic losses in the global pig industry. Methods: This study conduc...
Background/Objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe respiratory disease in older adults. Despite growing recognition of RSV as a public health concern, vaccination options remain limited. This study assessed the pote...
Background: Migrant populations are commonly under-immunised relative to general populations in host countries. The evidence base on routine vaccination among migrant children suggests that higher priority is given to infants and younger children com...
Background/Objectives: Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved one antiviral treatment and authorized others for emergency use, there is no fully effective antiviral therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is...
Background: Self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA) holds promising application prospects. However, due to the inclusion of a replicase sequence, its extended length leads to premature termination during in vitro transcription (IVT), resulting in poor product i...
Background: Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) is the cause of strangles, one of the most prevalent diseases of horses worldwide. The disease is characterised by fever and the formation of abscesses in the lymph nodes of the head and n...
When the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) began in 1988, the year 2000 target was clearly ambitious. Nonetheless, among 20 countries with endemic wild poliovirus transmission in 2000, only Afghanistan, Nigeria and Pakistan remained endemic...
Background/objectives: Despite global efforts to improve childhood immunization rates, gender-related barriers continue to hinder equitable access to vaccines worldwide. This study synthesizes gender barrier analyses conducted in various countries to...
Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a zoonotic pathogen causing diarrhea and mortality in infants and livestock. Its numerous serotypes necessitate the urgent development of multivalent vaccines for effective prevention, thereby re...
Background/Objectives: Environmental pollutants can profoundly affect immune development, yet their impact on offspring vaccine responsiveness remains poorly understood. To address this, we investigated the impact of maternal cigarette smoke (CS) exp...
The authors would like to make the following corrections to this published paper [...]
Background: The association of influenza vaccination and heart failure (HF) hospitalization and mortality in Thai HF patients is unknown. Objective: We wished to investigate associations between receiving an influenza vaccine and all-cause death or H...
Background: Poland was one of only 10 European countries listed teachers as a priority group for vaccination against COVID-19 among National Vaccination Program (NVP). The aim of this study was to analyse post-vaccination symptoms self-reported by te...
Background: As the member of the B7 family, V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing 4 (VSIG4) plays an essential role in regulating immune responses against bacterial infection, autoimmune disease, and chronic viral infection. However, the role of...
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of infant respiratory illness, leading to significant hospitalizations. Two preventive strategies exist: maternal vaccination and a long-acting monoclonal antibody for neonates. In The Ne...
Background/Objectives: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remains one of the most economically significant pathogens in the global swine industry. Despite the availability of commercial vaccines for over three decades, they f...
Background/Objectives: To assess overall and type-specific HPV vaccine effectiveness in central and eastern Europe (CEE), the age-stratified prevalence of cervical HPV infection was determined among Slovenian women aged 20 to 64 attending a cervical...
The author would like to make the following correction to this publication [...]
Background: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a highly contagious and fatal disease in pigs and wild boars. While hunting and bait vaccination are effective for CSFV eradication, additional strategies are needed to control wild boar populations....
Background/Objectives: Precautionary health behaviours (PHBs), such as hand-washing or self-isolation, are non-pharmaceutical interventions used to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We investigated the potential confounding by PHBs of COVID-19 vaccine...
Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach for analyzing the medical–clinical, social, organizational, economic, ethical, and legal implications of a technology, through the evaluation of multiple di...
Background: Some studies suggest that, thanks to the mechanisms of immune-mediated attenuation, influenza vaccination reduces severity of influenza illness in breakthrough infections. This study aimed to assess whether influenza vaccination attenuate...
Major immunization programs and initiatives have prioritized the advancement of equity in immunization. Over the past decade, the World Health Organization has made contributions to understanding inequalities in immunization, including global analyse...
Vaccines remain one of the greatest achievements in biomedical science, credited with the eradication of smallpox, the near-elimination of polio and the prevention of many deaths from infectious diseases [...]
Background: In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, various COVID-19 vaccines were administered during the pandemic. However, region-specific real-word comparative data on their immunogenicity remain limited. This study aimed to assess the serological respon...
Background/Objectives: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed a vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2. Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle (SpFN) comprises 24 identical prefusion-stabilized spike proteins anchored to a self-assembled nanoparticle....
Introduction: Despite global improvements in immunization, major gaps persist. By 2024, an estimated 14.3 million infants, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), remained zero-dose (ZD), never having received even the first DTP va...
Introduction/Background: Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) are significant pathogens affecting small ruminants, causing substantial economic losses in the affected regions. The development of effective vaccine...
Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne viral infection that causes acute brain inflammation. First identified in Japan in 1871, the disease gained renewed global attention in 2025 after emerging in a non-endemic region, raising significant he...
Background: Due to the wide host range of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), vaccination has been recommended for susceptible species in zoological collections, particularly to protect endangered species. The Zoetis®...
Background: In Vietnam, the Ministry of Health recently approved the use of Tdap vaccines—Boostrix (2022) and Adacel (2024)—for administration during pregnancy, aiming to provide passive antibody transfer to protect newborns against pertu...
Background: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has limited curative options and poor survival. Racotumomab, an anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody vaccine targeting tumor gangliosides, has shown efficacy in clinical trials. This study evaluate...
Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterium causing significant livestock diseases, like fowl cholera and hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, and wound infection in humans. Classified into four subspecies and five capsular serotypes, it possesse...
Background: Candida auris has emerged as a significant public health threat causing life-threatening systemic infections. Of particular concern is the frequency of multidrug resistance, high transmissibility, and persistence in the environment; thus,...
Background: Immunization coverage has increased substantially in the Western Pacific Region, saving millions of lives and supporting disease elimination efforts. However, gaps in coverage and inequitable vaccine access persist, leaving millions unvac...
Background/Objectives: Understanding the durability of immunity induced by mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, especially in individuals with chronic health conditions, remains essential for guiding booster strategies. We conducted a longitudinal study to evalua...
Background: The 4CMenB vaccine (Bexsero®) contains surface proteins from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B and is recommended from 2 months of age. The most frequently reported adverse events are fever, injection site pain, and fatigue. Thus, th...
Background: The reported incidence of pertussis, a vaccine-preventable disease, has been increasing in recent years. This study aimed to estimate the burden of pertussis and the vaccination rate in Australian adults in primary care. Methods: Deidenti...
Introduction: Vaccines are the most widely used public health measure to control the global COVID-19 pandemic. Most vaccines used in Europe and North America are mRNA-based. A mass vaccination campaign was carried out between 2021 and 2024. Some adve...
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