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Brain Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 8

August 2020 - 98 articles

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Cover Story: Autistic children present a highly heterogeneous linguistic phenotype involving both expressive and receptive difficulties. The latter, in particular when not associated with expressive deficits, may go unnoticed and may be neglected despite their relevance in everyday life. Grammatical comprehension is the most impaired language domain in autism and is a paramount prognostic marker for developmental trajectories. As grammatical comprehension difficulties tend to persist up to school-age (when generally speech therapy is gradually decreasing) specific interventions on both oral and written receptive skills are mandatory: provision of early support for the acquisition of adequate receptive language skills is crucial for further social development. View this paper

Articles (98)

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,777 Views
12 Pages

18 August 2020

Background. Craniofacial anomalies and minor neurological dysfunction (MNDs) have been identified, in literature, as risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders. They represent physical indicators of embryonic development suggesting a possible cont...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,629 Views
11 Pages

18 August 2020

A better understanding of dopaminergic gene expression will inform future treatment options for many different neurologic and psychiatric conditions. Here, we utilized the National Institutes of Health’s Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEx...

  • Review
  • Open Access
26 Citations
5,262 Views
20 Pages

Renal Contributions in the Pathophysiology and Neuropathological Substrates Shared by Chronic Kidney Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease

  • Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu,
  • Daniela Carmen Ababei,
  • Veronica Bild,
  • Walther Bild,
  • Luminita Paduraru,
  • Mihai Marius Gutu and
  • Bogdan-Ionel Tamba

17 August 2020

Chronic kidney disease and Alzheimer’s disease are chronic conditions highly prevalent in elderly communities and societies, and a diagnosis of them is devastating and life changing. Demanding therapies and changes, such as non-compliance, cogn...

  • Review
  • Open Access
32 Citations
24,039 Views
37 Pages

Peripheral Biomarkers in DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders: An Updated Overview

  • Matteo Vismara,
  • Nicolaja Girone,
  • Giovanna Cirnigliaro,
  • Federica Fasciana,
  • Simone Vanzetto,
  • Luca Ferrara,
  • Alberto Priori,
  • Claudio D’Addario,
  • Caterina Viganò and
  • Bernardo Dell’Osso

17 August 2020

Anxiety disorders are prevalent and highly disabling mental disorders. In recent years, intensive efforts focused on the search for potential neuroimaging, genetic, and peripheral biomarkers in order to better understand the pathophysiology of these...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,778 Views
14 Pages

Thiamine Deficiency Causes Long-Lasting Neurobehavioral Deficits in Mice

  • Hui Li,
  • Hong Xu,
  • Wen Wen,
  • Liying Wu,
  • Mei Xu and
  • Jia Luo

17 August 2020

Thiamine deficiency (TD) has detrimental effects on brain health and neurobehavioral development, and it is associated with many aging-related neurological disorders. To facilitate TD-related neuropsychological studies, we generated a TD mouse model...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
9,039 Views
13 Pages

15 August 2020

Dyslexia is a specific disorder in reading abilities. The aim of this study was to explore whether a short visual attentional training could improve reading capabilities in children with reading disorders by changing their oculomotor characteristics....

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,732 Views
13 Pages

15 August 2020

Degeneration of neurons, such as the inner ear spiral ganglion neurons (SGN), may be decelerated or even stopped by neurotrophic factor treatment, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as electrical stimulation (ES). In a clinical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
8,034 Views
15 Pages

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activity during a Brain Training Game Predicts Cognitive Improvements after Four Weeks’ Brain Training Game Intervention: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial

  • Rui Nouchi,
  • Natasha Yuriko dos Santos Kawata,
  • Toshiki Saito,
  • Robin Maximilian Himmelmeier,
  • Ryo Nakamura,
  • Haruka Nouchi and
  • Ryuta Kawashima

15 August 2020

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that brain activities using NIRS (near-infrared spectroscopy) at baseline during cognitive tasks (e.g., N-back task) can predict the cognitive benefits of a cognitive training. In this study, we investigat...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,500 Views
7 Pages

15 August 2020

Intradural spinal arteriovenous fistulas (sAVF) are spinal vascular lesions that usually manifest due to myelopathy or local symptoms caused by venous congestion and ischemia. In addition, perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (PMAVF) in particular ma...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
4,607 Views
14 Pages

15 August 2020

Structural changes in the hippocampus and amygdala have been demonstrated in schizophrenia patients. However, whether morphological information from these subcortical regions could be used by machine learning algorithms for schizophrenia classificati...

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