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Brain Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 9

September 2020 - 93 articles

Cover Story: Gulf War veterans suffer from a chronic multi-symptom disorder called Gulf War Illness (GWI) that has been associated with central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Symptoms of GWI overlap with other chronic conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). To differentiate these disorders, we examined blood-based CNS autoantibody biomarkers among the illnesses. We found that veterans with GWI had much higher levels of autoantibodies to 9 out of 10 CNS proteins in their blood showing that GWI is a distinct disorder with more CNS involvement than ME/CFS or IBS. View this paper
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Articles (93)

  • Review
  • Open Access
34 Citations
9,782 Views
21 Pages

Can Brain Health Be Supported by Vitamin D-Based Supplements? A Critical Review

  • Mahitab Farghali,
  • Sara Ruga,
  • Vera Morsanuto and
  • Francesca Uberti

22 September 2020

This review presents recent knowledge on the neuroprotective effects of vitamin D and their usefulness as oral supplementation when combined with other molecules, such as curcumin. A critical look at the effectiveness of vitamin D in this field is al...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,102 Views
23 Pages

A Framework to Assess the Information Dynamics of Source EEG Activity and Its Application to Epileptic Brain Networks

  • Ivan Kotiuchyi,
  • Riccardo Pernice,
  • Anton Popov,
  • Luca Faes and
  • Volodymyr Kharytonov

22 September 2020

This study introduces a framework for the information-theoretic analysis of brain functional connectivity performed at the level of electroencephalogram (EEG) sources. The framework combines the use of common spatial patterns to select the EEG compon...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,381 Views
23 Pages

Effects of Paternal Preconception Vapor Alcohol Exposure Paradigms on Behavioral Responses in Offspring

  • Richa S. Rathod,
  • Carolyn Ferguson,
  • Amit Seth,
  • Annalisa M. Baratta,
  • Sonja L. Plasil and
  • Gregg E. Homanics

22 September 2020

We and others previously reported that paternal preconception chronic ethanol exposure leads to molecular, physiological, and behavioral changes in offspring including reduced ethanol consumption and preference relative to controls. The goal of the p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,098 Views
8 Pages

22 September 2020

Noticing the regularity of the task is necessary to enhance motor performance. The experience of noticing further motivates improvement in motor performance. Motor control is explained by a comparator model that modifies the motor command to reduce d...

  • Review
  • Open Access
144 Citations
10,837 Views
12 Pages

The Involvement of Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) Axis in Suicide Risk

  • Isabella Berardelli,
  • Gianluca Serafini,
  • Natalia Cortese,
  • Federica Fiaschè,
  • Rory C O’Connor and
  • Maurizio Pompili

21 September 2020

Stress and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation play a major role in various pathophysiological processes associated with both mood disorders and suicidal behavior. We conducted a systematic review with the primary aim...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,272 Views
14 Pages

Mitigating Effects of Liriope platyphylla on Nicotine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization and Quality Control of Compounds

  • Dahye Yoon,
  • In Soo Ryu,
  • Woo Cheol Shin,
  • Minhan Ka,
  • Hyoung-Geun Kim,
  • Eun Young Jang,
  • Oc-Hee Kim,
  • Young-Seob Lee,
  • Joung-Wook Seo and
  • Dae Young Lee

21 September 2020

In this study we investigated the mitigating effects of Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang extract on behavioral sensitization and the quantification of its major compounds. The extract of L. platyphylla reduces the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
9,020 Views
14 Pages

Digital Devices Use and Language Skills in Children between 8 and 36 Month

  • Francesca Felicia Operto,
  • Grazia Maria Giovanna Pastorino,
  • Jessyka Marciano,
  • Valeria de Simone,
  • Anna Pia Volini,
  • Miriam Olivieri,
  • Roberto Buonaiuto,
  • Luigi Vetri,
  • Andrea Viggiano and
  • Giangennaro Coppola

21 September 2020

Background: Over the past decade, the use of digital tools has grown and research evidence suggests that traditional media and new media offer both benefits and health risks for young children. The abilities to understand and use language represent t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
8,192 Views
17 Pages

Non-Immersive Virtual Reality for Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Rehabilitation: A Small Cohort Randomized Trial

  • Roxana Miclaus,
  • Nadinne Roman,
  • Silviu Caloian,
  • Brindusa Mitoiu,
  • Oana Suciu,
  • Roxana Ramona Onofrei,
  • Ecaterina Pavel and
  • Andrea Neculau

21 September 2020

Immersive and non-immersive virtual reality (NIVR) technology can supplement and improve standard physiotherapy and neurorehabilitation in post-stroke patients. We aimed to use MIRA software to investigate the efficiency of specific NIVR therapy as a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,544 Views
17 Pages

Resveratrol Prevents GLUT3 Up-Regulation Induced by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

  • Germán Fernando Gutiérrez Aguilar,
  • Iván Alquisiras-Burgos,
  • Javier Franco-Pérez,
  • Narayana Pineda-Ramírez,
  • Alma Ortiz-Plata,
  • Ismael Torres,
  • José Pedraza-Chaverri and
  • Penélope Aguilera

20 September 2020

Glucose transporter (GLUT)3 up-regulation is an adaptive response activated to prevent cellular damage when brain metabolic energy is reduced. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory features that protects neurons...

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Brain Sci. - ISSN 2076-3425