Applied Sciences, Volume 7, Issue 5

Biosurfactants are produced by microorganisms and represent amphiphilic compounds with polar and non-polar moieties; hence they can be used to stabilize emulsions, e.g., in the cosmetic and food sectors. Their structure and its changes when exposed t...

Due to the broadcast nature of wireless media, all nodes in the coverage of a transmitter are capable of capturing its signals, thus wireless transmission is sensitive to wiretapping. Several existing schemes place an emphasis on secrecy rate improve...

In this article, a systematic overview of various recording and reproduction techniques for spatial audio is presented. While binaural recording and rendering is designed to resemble the human two-ear auditory system and reproduce sounds specifically...

With the increased development of 360-degree production technologies, artwork has recently been photographed without authorization. To prevent this infringement, we propose an artwork identification methodology for 360-degree images. We transform the...

Molecular dynamics is of fundamental interest in natural science research. The capability of investigating molecular dynamics is one of the various motivations for ultrafast optics. We present our investigation of photoionization and nuclear dynamics...

Liver cancer, a life-threatening disease, can be cured if found early. A common treatment for liver tumors that cannot be removed by surgery is hepatic artery embolization. It involves injecting small beads to block the blood flow towards cancer cell...

We present results of the studies of dynamics in colloidal crystals performed by pump-probe experiments using an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). Colloidal crystals were pumped with an infrared laser at a wavelength of 800 nm with varying power and...

X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) providing ultrashort intense pulses of X-rays have proven to be excellent tools to investigate the dynamics of radiation-induced dissociation and charge redistribution in molecules and nanoparticles. Coincidence tec...

The under-actuated foot rotation that the heel of the stance leg lifts off the ground and the body rotates around the stance toe is an important feature in human walking. However, it is absent in the realized walking gait for the majority of biped ro...

This review focuses on certain classes of organic compounds known variously in the specific literature of asphalt as adhesion promoters, antistripping agents, wetting agents, antistrips, or adhesion agents. These kinds of organic additives are curren...

The objective of this study is to develop and characterize kaolinite clay-based structural mortar. The pozzolanic reaction induced from two mineral additives, i.e., calcium hydroxide and silica fume (SF), and the physical filling effect from SF, were...

In this paper, a novel Energy Management System (EMS) is proposed for a hybrid energy system with photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage system for a smart house. The EMS is designed to control the shiftable loads, the air conditioning and the electric...

Laser-TIG (tungsten inert gas) hybrid welding process is applied to produce stable back beads in the first layer during one-side multilayer welding. To explain why stable back beads can be formed, a comparison is conducted between single TIG and lase...

Studies from the past three decades have demonstrated that there is cerebellar involvement in the emotional domain. Emotional processing in humans requires both unconscious and conscious mechanisms. A significant amount of evidence indicates that the...

The construction of Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free-Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL), a 0.1-nm hard X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) facility based on a 10-GeV S-band linear accelerator (LINAC), is achieved in Pohang, Korea by the end of 2016. The c...

Laser-drilled hole arrays are part of an important field that aim to improve efficiency without affecting the quality of laser-drilled holes. In this paper, a swirling gas jet was implemented to assist with laser trepanning for a galvanometer scanned...

The reconstruction for limited-view scanning, though often the case in practice, has remained a difficult issue for photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The incompleteness of sampling data will cause serious artifacts and fuzziness in those missing views and...

Geopolymer is a promising porous material that can be used for evaporative cooling applications. Developing a greener geopolymer using agricultural and industrial wastes is a promising research area. In this study, we utilize rice husk (RH), rice hus...

Focusing on safety, comfort and with an overall aim of the comprehensive improvement of a vision-based intelligent vehicle, a novel Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS) is proposed based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Algorithm. Considering the no...

In this paper; a new method for gear pitting fault detection is presented. The presented method is developed based on a deep sparse autoencoder. The method integrates dictionary learning in sparse coding into a stacked autoencoder network. Sparse cod...

Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a high-resolution additive manufacturing fabrication technique. To fully understand the process, we developed a computational model, using the finite element method, to solve the flow problem of sintering two viscoe...

Once a reinforced concrete (RC) structure is damaged by fire, the fire damage assessment should proceed to take appropriate post-fire actions, including the decision-making of whether it can be repaired for reuse or not. Since the assessment results...

In wideband radar systems, the performance of motion parameters estimation can significantly affect the performance of object detection and the quality of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. Although the traditional motion parameters est...

In this article, the camera settings for high-speed imaging of the arc, metal transfer, and weld pool in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) are investigated. The results show that by only changing camera exposure times and the selection of narrow bandpass...

Traditionally, damage identification techniques in bridges have focused on monitoring changes to modal-based Damage Sensitive Features (DSFs) due to their direct relationship with structural stiffness and their spatial information content. However, t...

Abstract: Manganese oxides with an alpha crystal structure are synthesized via combined solid-state reaction and wet chemical processing, which is a simple and inexpensive synthetic route easy for mass production. The effects of the synthetic reactio...

The stability assessment of aged tunnel linings are mainly evaluated based on the visual inspection, and the Tunnel-lining Crack Index (TCI) is one of the most widely used tunnel lining health assessment indexes in Japan. However, the intersection an...

Immobilized TiO₂ and immobilized TiO₂-polyethylene glycol (TiO₂/PEG) films have been prepared via brush coating method. The formulation of immobilized TiO₂ film was prepared by mixing distilled water with P25, while the formulation containing P25 com...

Increased pornography use has been a feature of contemporary human society, with technological advances allowing for high speed internet and relative ease of access via a multitude of wireless devices. Does increased pornography exposure alter genera...

Smart materials and structures have attracted a significant amount of attention for their vibration control potential in engineering applications. Compared to the traditional active technique, shunt damping utilizes an external circuit across the ter...

Better understanding of the complex mechanical properties of ice is the foundation to predict the ice fail process and avoid potential ice threats. In the present study, uniaxial compressive strength and fracture mode of natural lake ice are investig...

The aim of this paper is to suppress the random spatial vibration of the face sheet of a lightly damped truss core sandwich panel structure. Because broad-bandwidth vibration energy is concentrated in resonance peaks for lightly damped structures, an...

This study proposes a novel binocular pupil and gaze detection system utilizing a remote full high definition (full HD) camera and employing LabVIEW. LabVIEW is inherently parallel and has fewer time-consuming algorithms. Many eye tracker application...

Research on detecting structural damage at the earliest possible stage has been an interesting topic for decades. Among them, the vibration-based damage detection method as a global technique is especially pervasive. The present study reviewed the st...

Symmetric encryption is the most commonly employed security solution in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, a new approach that employs public-key cryptography during key establishment is proposed. In a WSN, the main issue for public-key...

The urbanization of new areas beyond the existing perimeter of a town implies the expansion of several infrastructures, including the district heating network. The main variables involved in the design of the district heating network expansion are th...

Mechanical performance monitoring of civil infrastructure using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors has received significant public attention in recent years. However, there is currently little research on the mechanical performance monitoring of piles...

Device-to-device (D2D) cooperative relay can improve network coverage and throughput by assisting users with inferior channel conditions to implement multi-hop transmissions. Due to the limited battery capacity of handheld equipment, energy efficienc...

In recent years, there have been concerns raised about construction industrialization in China, which have initiated a wave of policy change in both governmental and industrial organizations in order to change the mode of conventional construction. H...

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the amount of daily movement measured with a triaxial accelerometer (MIMAMORI-Gait) and motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The subjects were 50 consecutive patients w...

With the development of higher-voltage power grids, the high- and low-voltage parallel loops are emerging, which lead to energy losses and even threaten the security and stability of power systems. The multi-infeed high-voltage direct current (HVDC)...

A theoretical analysis upon the four-dimensional (4D) spatio-temporal temperature dependent dynamics of 888 nm pumped Nd:YVO ${}_4$ dual-rod laser is established, which is valid in both continuous-wave (CW) and acousto-optic (AO) Q-switched pulse...

Tensile properties optimization of AA 5456 aluminum alloy was carried out with hybrid ultrasonic frequency pulsed variable polarity gas tungsten arc wending (HPVP-GTAW). An orthogonal method was employed to conduct the experiments, and the tensile pr...

Duct junctions play a major role in the operation and design of most piping systems. The objective of this paper is to establish the potential of a staggered mesh finite volume model as a way to improve the description of the effect of simple duct ju...

We present a numerical simulation of blood flow in two aneurysmal vessels. Using a multicomponent continuum approach, called mixture theory, the velocity fields and spatial distribution of the red blood cells (RBCs) and the plasma are predicted. Plat...

Nowadays, mobile robots have become a useful tool that permits solving a wide range of applications. Their importance lies in their ability to move autonomously through unknown environments and to adapt to changing conditions. To this end, the robot...

This paper discusses the modeling of the late part of a room impulse response by dividing it into short segments and approximating each one as a filtered random sequence. The filters and their associated gain account for the spectral shape and decay...

In this paper, we propose a novel variable pole pitch (VPP) electromagnetic (EM) propulsion technique using a series of ladder-slot-secondary double-sided linear induction motors (LS-secondary DLIMs). An equivalent circuit is developed for the LS-sec...

In this paper, the two-dimensional vibration controls of a power transmission tower with a pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) under multi-component seismic excitations are analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element model of a practical power transmi...

A simple, stable and inexpensive dual-output port widely tunable semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based fiber compound-ring laser structure is demonstrated. This unique nested ring cavity enables high optical power to split into different branch...