Metals, Volume 8, Issue 11

The usage of AISI/SAE 304L austenitic and 420 martensitic stainless steels is receiving greater interest especially in the defence and navy industries. 304L stainless steels exhibit excellent resistance to oxidizing media, while martensitic 420 alloy...

The work is focused on studying the influence of the ratio of concentrate to iron ore on the phase composition of the iron ore agglomerate. The concentrate has significantly higher iron content than used iron ore, and is a determining factor, which i...

High-entropy alloys exhibit some interesting mechanical properties including an excellent resistance against softening at elevated temperatures. This gives high-entropy alloys (HEAs) great potential as new structural materials for high-temperature ap...

Aluminum powders with different concentrations of TiC ceramic particles were applied to an AZ31B magnesium alloy by laser cladding. Due to differences in coefficients of thermal expansion, the distribution of TiC ceramic particles in the cladding lay...

The annealing behavior of surface-locally cold-deformed 0.2 mass% carbon steel with a large strain gradient was investigated, with special attention paid to the change in grain size. The surface local deformation was introduced by a ball-dropping (BD...

A coarse-grained microstructure of solution treated AlMg5 aluminium alloy was prepared by equal channel angular pressing through route B_C. Microstructure evolution of the alloy was analysed by using an optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, and EBSD...

Difficult-to-cut materials are being increasingly used in many industries because of their superior properties, including high corrosion resistance, heat resistance and specific strength. However, these same properties make the materials difficult to...

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a promising approach for the joining of magnesium alloys. Although many Mg alloys have been successfully joined by FSW, it is far from industrial applications due to the texture variation and low mechanical properties....

Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AZ31/WE43 bimetal composites was investigated, and the optimized solution treatment and ageing treatment parameters were achieved. After heat treatment, it was found that...

Cermets and hardmetals combine the most favorable characteristics of ceramics and metals, namely the high hardness and elastic moduli of the former, and the ductility and toughness of the latter. [...]

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made immense progress in recent years, owing to outstanding optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials, such as high extinction coefficient, carrier mobility, and low exciton bi...

Based on the experimental data on the roughness parameter R_a, which stands for the mean arithmetic deviation of the profile, as obtained in the process of turning test specimens from different materials with constant elements of the cutting mode (dep...

Both microstructures, martensite and bainite, although share some common features, when studied in further detail depict a plethora of subtle differences that make them unique. [...]

Mg₂FeH₆ is regarded as potential hydrogen and thermochemical storage medium due to its high volumetric hydrogen (150 kg/m³) and energy (0.49 kWh/L) densities. In this work, the mechanism of formation of Mg₂FeH₆ under equilibrium conditions is thoroug...

Nanostructured metallic materials can be obtained by two major processing strategies: a bottom-up approach that starts with powdered metals to be mechanically and chemically compacted via different compaction methodologies, and a top-down approach th...

The aim of the present work is the study of T6 heat treatment of A354 (Al-Si-Cu-Mg) casting alloy. The heat treatment was optimized by maximizing mechanical strength of the alloy while keeping the treatment cost effective, reducing treatment time and...

Corrosion failure is a thorny issue that restricts the applications of Al alloys. As a research hotspot in functional realization, hydrophobic fabrication exactly offers an efficient method to settle metallic corrosions. This work has developed a fac...

A new temperature-dependent cyclic plastic model, combining the nonlinear cyclic softening and kinematic hardening rules is established for a nuclear material of SA508-3 steel. A modified isotropic hardening rule is proposed to capture the temperatur...

To recover iron from water-quenched nickel slags, CaO was added. Thermodynamic analysis showed that CaO promotes the reaction between fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄) and O₂. Phase diagrams of the FeO-SiO₂-MgO-CaO slag with various CaO contents in an air atmospher...

High content of gold in near-surface oxide zones above the gold ore deposit could be recovered using cyanidation. However, restricting the use of cyanide in mines has made it difficult to recover gold within the oxide zone. In this study, we investig...

The phase equilibria of the Co-Ti-Ta ternary system at 1000 °C, 1100 °C, and 1200 °C were experimentally investigated using an electron probe microanalyzer and X-ray diffraction. Experimental results show that: (1) No ternary compound exi...

Advanced materials generally require the development of novel joining techniques, as this is crucial to integrate them into functional structures and to widen their application field. [...]

Mechanical properties of welded joints depend on the way heat flows through the welding passes. In multipass welding the reheating of the heat affected zone (HAZ) can form local brittle zones that need to be delimited for evaluation. The difficulty l...

The work roll is one of the most important tools in the steel rolling industry. Work rolls are used under extremely severe conditions such as high temperature, high loading, and an aggressive atmosphere. To meet those demands, bimetallic rolls have r...

A two-stage cold forging process was proposed to manufacture a drive shaft with an internal spline and spur gear geometries, and this process was mainly composed of a forward extrusion for preform and a forward-backward extrusion for the drive shaft....

The AlSi10Mg alloy was processed by selective laser melting using both hot- and cold-build platforms. The investigation was aimed at defining suitable platform pre-heating and post-process thermal treatment strategies, taking into consideration the p...

In connection with the increasing requirements for cleanliness in conticast steel, it is necessary to develop original solutions. The tundish, as the last refractory-lined reactor, gives enough space to remove inclusions by optimizing the flow of ste...

The behavior of MnS, a significant non-metallic inclusion in steel with low sulfur content, is poorly understood, in particular, how the MnS inclusion becomes a favorable secondary phase. To clarify how the sulfur content in DH36 structural steel aff...

The characteristics of inclusions and microstructure in heat-affected zones (HAZs) of steel plates with Ca deoxidation after high heat input welding of 400 kJ·cm⁻¹ were investigated through simulated welding experiments and inclusions au...

The cooling performance of a slice die is studied numerically and experimentally. The slice die is designed to improve the cooling performance compared to that of a conventional die that is generally used in the Hot Press Forming (HPF) process by mod...

In order to design a potential biodegradable implant, which combines with fine mechanical and antimicrobial properties, Mg-4Y-1Ag (mass fraction, %) alloys were produced by permanent mold casting and then hot extrusion. The microstructure, mechanical...

An investigation into the electrochemical corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel under different elastic and plastic tensile stress in a CO₂-saturated NaCl solution has been carried out by using open-circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization,...

Springback prediction of sheet metal forming is always an important issue in the industry, because it greatly affects the final shape of the product. The accuracy of simulation prediction depends on not only the forming condition but also the chosen...

This paper reports the recoveries of iron, chromium, and nickel from pickling sludge using coal-based smelting reduction. The influences of slag basicity (CaO/SiO₂, which is controlled by high phosphorus oolitic hematite iron ores), reduction tempera...

Large strain rolling (LSR) has been conducted on the Mg-2Zn-0.4Y alloy. After the 1st rolling process at 250, 300, 350, and 400 °C, the alloy demonstrates a fully recrystallized microstructure. The grain size increases from 6, 8, 12, to 17 μm...

Abrasive blasting modifies the surface state of pre-treated materials in terms of surface irregularities. Bearing in mind that the roughness characteristics affect the components functionality, it is essential to study and evaluation the surface stat...

In this work, the iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoflakes on carbon cloth (Fe₂O₃@CC) were triumphantly prepared and served as the electrode of supercapacitors. By applying an external magnetic field, we first find that the magnetic field could suppress the pol...

A new criterion for hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) that includes both the embrittlement effect and the loading effect of hydrogen was obtained theoretically. The surface cohesive energy and plastic deformation energy are reduced by hydrogen atoms at...

Metallic thin-walled beams with continuously varying cross-sections loaded in compression are particularly sensitive to instability problems due to lateral-torsional buckling. Such a phenomenon depends on several parameters, including the cross-secti...

As a basic mechanical component, the sealing ring is widely used in industrial, aerospatial, and other fields. In this study, an elastic metal C-shaped sealing ring with a wave structure was taken as an example, and its performance was analyzed theor...

Copper staves have been widely applied in large blast furnaces especially those whose inner volumes exceed 2000 m³ due to high cooling capacity. In the past decade, copper staves suffered severe damages in some blast furnaces, which not only shortene...

For cryogenic applications, materials must be cautiously selected because of a drastic degradation in the mechanical properties of materials when they are exposed to very low temperatures. We have developed a new technique using a cold-working and su...

The initial stages of corrosion of AZ31B magnesium alloy, immersed in Ringer’s solution at 37 °C body temperature for four days, have been evaluated by independent gravimetric and chemical methods and through electrochemical impedance spect...

Ultrasonic Impact Treatment (UIT) is an effective technique for surface refinement and residual stress reduction, which is widely used in welding. This study investigates UIT-assisted Wire and Arc Additive manufacturing (WAAM). The residual stress, g...

Half-Heuslers (HHs) are promising thermoelectric materials with great compositional flexibility. Here, we extend work on the p-type doping of TiCoSb using abundant elements. Ti_0.7V_0.3Co_0.85Fe_0.15Sb_0.7Sn_0.3 samples with nominal 17.85 p-type electron c...

The influence of austenitising temperature on the tensile properties of low temperature bainitic steel was investigated. With the increasing austenitising temperature, a significant change of elongation was found between 850 and 950 °C, which was...

In recent years, a creep model that does not involve adjustable parameters has been successfully applied to coarse-grained aluminum. The main feature of this model is that it is fully predictable. On the other hand, in the case of age-hardenable allo...

Friction stir lap welding of 1.5-mm thick 6082-T6 aluminum alloy to 2-mm thick galvanized DP800 steel (Zn-coated) was carried out. Optimal welding conditions were obtained aiming to defect-free joints with good mechanical properties. The interfacial...

This work aims to investigate the effect of Pt concentration on the crystal growth mechanism of a Platinum-Palladium (Pt-Pd) binary alloy system during the annealing process; starting from the amorphous phase to some definite temperatures. The calcul...

The effect of the warm rolling process on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of low-carbon high-boron steels are studied in this work. To investigate these effects, boron-bearing low-carbon steel, subjected to roll at three different te...