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Diagnostics, Volume 15, Issue 8

April-2 2025 - 108 articles

Cover Story: Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women. Early detection through mammography is essential but often limited by variability in radiologist interpretation. This study compares machine learning (ML)-based radiomics and deep learning (DL) approaches for classifying breast lesions. Radiomic features were extracted from 1219 mammograms in the CBIS-DDSM dataset using matRadiomics, while an EfficientNetB6-based DL model was also evaluated. The ML radiomic model achieved area-under-the-curve values of 68.3% for microcalcifications and 61.5% for masses. In contrast, the DL model reached 81.5% and 76.2%, respectively, demonstrating its superior performance and greater potential for accurate breast cancer diagnosis. View this paper
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Articles (108)

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,042 Views
26 Pages

Background/Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sheath of the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. Although MS lesions in the brain are more frequently investigated, MS lesi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,221 Views
15 Pages

The Effect of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Prognosis in Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors

  • Yagmur Arslan,
  • Ipek Betul Ozcivit Erkan,
  • Atacem Mert Aytekin,
  • Cansu Turker Saricoban,
  • Abdullah Serdar Acikgoz,
  • Tugan Bese and
  • Oguzhan Kuru

Background/Objectives: Ovarian germ cell tumors are rare, and determining prognostic factors is crucial for individualizing management strategies. We aimed to determine an optimal neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) cut-off value for predicting surv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,033 Views
10 Pages

The Use of Positron-Emission Tomography–Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Improve the Local Staging of Disease in Myxofibrosarcoma: A Feasibility Study

  • Corey D. Chan,
  • Marcus J. Brookes,
  • Tamir Ali,
  • Elizabeth Howell,
  • Petra Dildey,
  • Michael Firbank,
  • Rachel Pearson,
  • Philip Sloan,
  • Simon Lowes and
  • Raj Sinha
  • + 7 authors

Background/Objectives: Myxofibrosarcomas (MFSs) are aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) that often arise in the upper and lower limbs. MFSs are a highly infiltrative sarcoma subtype with a high positive margin rate and poor clinical outcomes. Thei...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,209 Views
13 Pages

Complete Blood Cell Count Parameters Predict Mortality in Patients with Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

  • Matthaios Katsaras,
  • Vasilina Sotiropoulou,
  • Effrosyni Manali,
  • Evangelia Fouka,
  • Despoina Papakosta,
  • Elisabeth Bendstrup,
  • Lykourgos Kolilekas,
  • Ioannis Tomos,
  • Vasilios Tzilas and
  • Paschalis Ntolios
  • + 14 authors

Background: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) represents a chronic lung disease with an unpredictable clinical course. There is a pressing need for clinically applicable prognostic biomarkers in patients with HP. Methods: This was an observational, r...

  • Review
  • Open Access
26 Citations
6,374 Views
69 Pages

Biosensors, Artificial Intelligence Biosensors, False Results and Novel Future Perspectives

  • Georgios Goumas,
  • Efthymia N. Vlachothanasi,
  • Evangelos C. Fradelos and
  • Dimitra S. Mouliou

Medical biosensors have set the basis of medical diagnostics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has boosted diagnostics to a great extent. However, false results are evident in every method, so it is crucial to identify the reasons behind a possible f...

  • Interesting Images
  • Open Access
584 Views
3 Pages

V Aortic Arch Remnant

  • Corrado Tagliati,
  • Marco Fogante,
  • Stefania Lamja,
  • Cecilia Cerimele,
  • Alessia Quaranta,
  • Alfonso Alberto Matarrese,
  • Davide Battista,
  • Antonio Bernardini,
  • Giulio Argalia and
  • Iacopo Carbone
  • + 3 authors

Here, we describe the case of an asymptomatic 70-year-old male patient who performed a contrast-enhanced computed tomography examination for prostate cancer staging, and an exceptional finding was reported. Specifically, a probable and never before r...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,652 Views
15 Pages

Neurophysiological Examination for the Diagnosis of Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Literature Review

  • Loredana Raciti,
  • Martina Ferrillo,
  • Antonio Ammendolia,
  • Gianfranco Raciti,
  • Claudio Curci,
  • Dario Calafiore,
  • Maria Pia Onesta,
  • Rocco Salvatore Calabrò,
  • Umile Giuseppe Longo and
  • Alessandro de Sire

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a cluster of musculoskeletal conditions that involve the overall structures of jaw movements, including the temporomandibular joint, the masticatory muscles, and the surrounding structures. The etiology of TMD-re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
810 Views
12 Pages

Background/Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the optimal combinations of wavelengths for short wavelength infrared (SWIR) multispectral transillumination and reflectance imaging of caries lesions on proximal and occlusal sur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
792 Views
13 Pages

Endothelial Function and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines as Prognostic Markers in Acute Coronary Syndromes

  • Sotirios Tsalamandris,
  • Leonidas Koliastasis,
  • Antigoni Miliou,
  • Evangelos Oikonomou,
  • Nikos Papageorgiou,
  • Alexis Antonopoulos,
  • George Hatzis,
  • Konstantinos Mourouzis,
  • Georgia Vogiatzi and
  • Gerasimos Siasos
  • + 2 authors

Background: Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are associated with the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the prognostic role of endothelial function and pro-inflam...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5,681 Views
34 Pages

Stain Normalization of Histopathological Images Based on Deep Learning: A Review

  • Chuanyun Xu,
  • Yisha Sun,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Tianqi Liu,
  • Xiao Wang,
  • Die Hu,
  • Shuaiye Huang,
  • Junjie Li,
  • Fanghong Zhang and
  • Gang Li

Histopathological images stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) are crucial for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, color variations caused by differences in tissue preparation and scanning devices can lead to data distribution discrepanci...

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Diagnostics - ISSN 2075-4418