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Water, Volume 12, Issue 4

2020 April - 298 articles

Cover Story: Geophysical investigations of the near subsurface are increasingly appealing to the Hydrological community, mainly for their ability to image under-sampled systems usually only visible via wells. The feature is here exemplified by high-resolution seismic data able to probe local variations in compression-wave propagation velocities. If these velocities are processed to transform them into pseudo-porosity values, seismic data image the widespread but discontinuous water bearing bodies of a karstified limestone aquifer (see associated Figure, with 3 layers of high porosity levels). For seeking very small karstic features, crosscut by wells, acoustic logs also valuably complement seismic data. View this paper.
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Articles (298)

  • Article
  • Open Access
100 Citations
12,025 Views
16 Pages

24 April 2020

Magdalena River surface water and shoreline sediments were sampled for microplastic particles at three locations in the city of Neiva, Colombia: upstream, city center, and downstream of the raw wastewater outflow. The absence of an industrial and man...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
6,454 Views
12 Pages

A Large-Scale 3D Study on Transport of Humic Acid-Coated Goethite Nanoparticles for Aquifer Remediation

  • Milica Velimirovic,
  • Carlo Bianco,
  • Natalia Ferrantello,
  • Tiziana Tosco,
  • Alessandro Casasso,
  • Rajandrea Sethi,
  • Doris Schmid,
  • Stephan Wagner,
  • Kumiko Miyajima and
  • Thilo Hofmann
  • + 3 authors

24 April 2020

Humic acid-coated goethite nanoparticles (HA-GoeNPs) have been recently proposed as an effective reagent for the in situ nanoremediation of contaminated aquifers. However, the effective dosage of these particles has been studied only at laboratory sc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,031 Views
18 Pages

24 April 2020

Rainfall events are known to be driven by various synoptic disturbances or dominant processes in the atmosphere. In spite of the diverse atmospheric contributions, the assumption of homogeneity is commonly adopted when a hydrological frequency analys...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
9,346 Views
16 Pages

24 April 2020

Global change, that results from population growth, global warming and land use change (especially rapid urbanization), is directly affecting the complexity of water resources management problems and the uncertainty to which they are exposed. Both, t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
11,982 Views
15 Pages

A Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Neotropical Rainforest Sandy Soil Streams—Southern Brazil

  • Gabriel Gonino,
  • Evanilde Benedito,
  • Vivian de Mello Cionek,
  • Maria Teresa Ferreira and
  • João Manuel Oliveira

24 April 2020

Multimetric indices are considered a low-cost and rapid means of assessing ecological integrity in streams. This study aimed to develop a fish-based Index of Biotic Integrity (N3S-IBI) in an agricultural region within the domains of the Atlantic rain...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,891 Views
20 Pages

Field-Based Analysis of Runoff Generation Processes in Humid Lowlands of the Taihu Basin, China

  • Yue Zhai,
  • Chuanhai Wang,
  • Gang Chen,
  • Chun Wang,
  • Xiaoning Li and
  • Yating Liu

24 April 2020

In the flat lowland agricultural areas of subtropical climate zones, the runoff process has a great influence on the regional water quantity and quality. In this study, field data about rainfall, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, groundwater table,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,990 Views
19 Pages

24 April 2020

Extreme precipitation can seriously affect the ecological environment, agriculture, human safety, and property resilience. A full-scale and scientific assessment in extreme precipitation characteristics is necessary for water resources management and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
40 Citations
8,257 Views
17 Pages

A Review on Hydrodynamics of Free Surface Flows in Emergent Vegetated Channels

  • Soumen Maji,
  • Prashanth Reddy Hanmaiahgari,
  • Ram Balachandar,
  • Jaan H. Pu,
  • Ana M. Ricardo and
  • Rui M.L. Ferreira

24 April 2020

This review paper addresses the structure of the mean flow and key turbulence quantities in free-surface flows with emergent vegetation. Emergent vegetation in open channel flow affects turbulence, flow patterns, flow resistance, sediment transport,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
9,741 Views
10 Pages

24 April 2020

Small microplastics (<1 mm) comprise a great fraction of microplastics (<5 mm) found in the environment and are often overlooked due to the constrains of transporting and filtering large volumes of water in grab samplings. The objective of this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,107 Views
17 Pages

An Index-Flood Statistical Model for Hydrological Drought Assessment

  • Filip Strnad,
  • Vojtěch Moravec,
  • Yannis Markonis,
  • Petr Máca,
  • Jan Masner,
  • Michal Stočes and
  • Martin Hanel

24 April 2020

Modelling of hydrological extremes and drought modelling in particular has received much attention over recent decades. The main aim of this study is to apply a statistical model for drought estimation (in this case deficit volume) using extreme valu...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
7,047 Views
17 Pages

24 April 2020

Iberian coastal cities are subject to significant risks in the next decades due to climate change-induced sea-level rise. These risks are quite uncertain depending on several factors. In this article, we estimate potential economic damage in 62 Iberi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,977 Views
16 Pages

24 April 2020

Arid and semi-arid ecosystems represent a crucial but poorly understood component of the global water cycle. Taking a desert ecosystem as a case study, we measured sap flow in three dominant shrub species and concurrent environmental variables over t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
8,801 Views
25 Pages

24 April 2020

With the aim of improving the understanding of water exchanges in medium-scale catchments of northern China, the spatiotemporal characteristics of rainfall and several key water cycle elements e.g., soil moisture, evapotranspiration and generated run...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,854 Views
23 Pages

24 April 2020

In this study, the capabilities of a coupled KBC-free surface model to deal with fluid solid interactions with the slamming of rigid obstacles in a calm water tank were analyzed. The results were firstly validated with experimental and numerical data...

  • Correction
  • Open Access
2,623 Views
2 Pages

Correction: Kamruzzaman, M., et al. Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Paddy Water Balance Using APEX-Paddy Model. Water 2020, 12, 852

  • Mohammad Kamruzzaman,
  • Syewoon Hwang,
  • Soon-Kun Choi,
  • Jaepil Cho,
  • Inhong Song,
  • Jung-Hun Song,
  • Hanseok Jeong,
  • Taeil Jang and
  • Seung-Hwan Yoo

24 April 2020

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
16,279 Views
20 Pages

23 April 2020

With climate change and urban development, water systems are changing faster than ever. Currently, the ecological status of water systems is still judged based on single point measurements, without taking into account the spatial and temporal variabi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
5,149 Views
26 Pages

Impacts of Climate Change and Land Use/Cover Change on Streamflow in Beichuan River Basin in Qinghai Province, China

  • Zhe Liu,
  • Lan Cuo,
  • Qijiang Li,
  • Xisheng Liu,
  • Xuelian Ma,
  • Liqiao Liang and
  • Jin Ding

23 April 2020

Climate change (CC) and land use/cover change (LUCC) are the main drivers of streamflow change. In this study, the effects of CC and LUCC on streamflow regime as well as their spatial variability were examined by using the Distributed Hydrology Soil...

  • Review
  • Open Access
19 Citations
6,160 Views
20 Pages

Urban Multi-Source Water Supply in China: Variation Tendency, Modeling Methods and Challenges

  • Peibing Song,
  • Chao Wang,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Weifeng Liu,
  • Jiahui Sun,
  • Xiaoying Wang,
  • Xiaohui Lei and
  • Hao Wang

23 April 2020

Urban water resources are the basis for the formation and development of cities and the source of urban water supply. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and the explosion of urban populations, the contradiction between water supply and de...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,626 Views
15 Pages

23 April 2020

Sulfolane is an emerging contaminant in the groundwater and soil nearby gas plants, which has attracted much attention from many researchers and regulatory agencies in the past ten years. In this paper, a field pilot-scale ultraviolet (UV)/hydrogen p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,366 Views
13 Pages

An Experimental Assessment of Extreme Wave Evaluation by Integrating Model and Wave Buoy Data

  • Ferdinando Reale,
  • Fabio Dentale,
  • Pierluigi Furcolo,
  • Angela Di Leo and
  • Eugenio Pugliese Carratelli

23 April 2020

Calculating the significant wave height (SWH) in a given location as a function of the return time is an essential tool of coastal and ocean engineering; such a calculation can be carried out by making use of the now widely available weather and wave...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,207 Views
13 Pages

23 April 2020

The abiotic reduction of NO3 to NO2—coupled with the oxidation of labile organic materials such as citric acid, syringic acid and natural organic matter (NOM) and NH4+ through the goethite-mediated Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle under anaer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
46 Citations
5,048 Views
19 Pages

Investigation on the Role of Water for the Stability of Shallow Landslides—Insights from Experimental Tests

  • Vladislav Ivanov,
  • Diego Arosio,
  • Greta Tresoldi,
  • Azadeh Hojat,
  • Luigi Zanzi,
  • Monica Papini and
  • Laura Longoni

23 April 2020

Shallow soil slips are a significant hydrogeological hazard which could affect extended areas of the high-gradient mountainous landscape. Their triggering is highly dependent on the rainfall water infiltration and its further redistribution, as well...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
94 Citations
16,478 Views
15 Pages

23 April 2020

The high-energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a crucial issue for municipalities worldwide. Most WWTPs in Greece operate as extended aeration plants, which results in high operational costs due to high energy needs. The presen...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
5,434 Views
23 Pages

Rockfall and Debris Flow Hazard Assessment in the SW Escarpment of Montagna del Morrone Ridge (Abruzzo, Central Italy)

  • Monia Calista,
  • Valeria Menna,
  • Vania Mancinelli,
  • Nicola Sciarra and
  • Enrico Miccadei

23 April 2020

The purpose of this research is to estimate the rockfall and debris flow hazard assessment of the SW escarpment of the Montagna del Morrone (Abruzzo, Central Italy). The study investigated the geomorphology of the escarpment, focusing on the type and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,319 Views
15 Pages

23 April 2020

This study used high and low concentrations of glucose and acetic acid as carbon sources in two aerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2O) processes. Trials were shock loaded with different concentrations of Cd2+. It was observed that the substrate utilization rate d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
7,100 Views
19 Pages

22 April 2020

Cyanobacterial blooms are considered a major threat to global water security with documented impacts on lake ecosystems and public health. Given that cyanobacteria possess highly adaptive traits that favor them to prevail under different and often co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,183 Views
17 Pages

22 April 2020

The urban rainstorm can evolve into a serious emergency, generally characterized by high complexity, uncertainty, and time pressure. It is often difficult for individuals to find the optimal response strategy due to limited information and time const...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,329 Views
14 Pages

Landsat Hourly Evapotranspiration Flux Assessment using Lysimeters for the Texas High Plains

  • Ahmed A. Hashem,
  • Bernard A. Engel,
  • Vincent F. Bralts,
  • Gary W. Marek,
  • Jerry E. Moorhead,
  • Mohamed Rashad,
  • Sherif Radwan and
  • Prasanna H. Gowda

22 April 2020

Evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the biggest data gaps in water management due to limited ET measurements, and further, spatial variability in ET is difficult to capture. Satellite-based ET estimation has great potential for water resources planning...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
6,421 Views
22 Pages

Countrywide Groundwater Quality Trend and Suitability for Use in Key Sectors of Korea

  • Chanhyeok Jeon,
  • Maimoona Raza,
  • Jin-Yong Lee,
  • Heejung Kim,
  • Chang-Seong Kim,
  • Bora Kim,
  • Jeong-Woo Kim,
  • Rak-Hyeon Kim and
  • Sun-Woo Lee

22 April 2020

Under changing climate, increasing groundwater use has risen the concern for groundwater quality variations over recent years, to maintain a healthy ecosystem. The objectives were to identify trend of temporal variations in groundwater quality and it...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
6,954 Views
13 Pages

Rainfall Threshold Estimation and Landslide Forecasting for Kalimpong, India Using SIGMA Model

  • Minu Treesa Abraham,
  • Neelima Satyam,
  • Sai Kushal,
  • Ascanio Rosi,
  • Biswajeet Pradhan and
  • Samuele Segoni

22 April 2020

Rainfall-induced landslides are among the most devastating natural disasters in hilly terrains and the reduction of the related risk has become paramount for public authorities. Between the several possible approaches, one of the most used is the dev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,477 Views
20 Pages

The Evolution and Sources of Major Ions in Hot Springs in the Triassic Carbonates of Chongqing, China

  • Mingming Ta,
  • Xun Zhou,
  • Juan Guo,
  • Xinyun Wang,
  • Yuan Wang and
  • Yanqiu Xu

22 April 2020

Thermal groundwater in the Lower and Middle Triassic carbonates in Chongqing, China, is mainly concentrated in anticlines. Hot springs (32.9 to 57 °C) with SO4-Ca type waters and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of 1620 to 2929 mg/L emerge in the mid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
46 Citations
10,302 Views
24 Pages

Nitrogen Surplus—A Unified Indicator for Water Pollution in Europe?

  • Susanne Klages,
  • Claudia Heidecke,
  • Bernhard Osterburg,
  • John Bailey,
  • Irina Calciu,
  • Clare Casey,
  • Tommy Dalgaard,
  • Hanna Frick,
  • Matjaž Glavan and
  • Gerard Velthof
  • + 5 authors

22 April 2020

Pollution of ground-and surface waters with nitrates from agricultural sources poses a risk to drinking water quality and has negative impacts on the environment. At the national scale, the gross nitrogen budget (GNB) is accepted as an indicator of p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
58 Citations
15,140 Views
12 Pages

Optimization of Green Extraction and Purification of PHA Produced by Mixed Microbial Cultures from Sludge

  • Guilherme A. de Souza Reis,
  • Michiel H. A. Michels,
  • Gabriela L. Fajardo,
  • Ischa Lamot and
  • Jappe H. de Best

21 April 2020

Sludge from municipal wastewater treatment systems can be used as a source of mixed microbial cultures for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Stored intracellularly, the PHA is accumulated by some species of bacteria as energy stockpile a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
9,774 Views
19 Pages

21 April 2020

Limpets are pivotal for structuring and regulating the ecological balance of littoral communities and are widely collected for human consumption and as fishing bait. Limpets of the species Patella caerulea were collected between April 2016 and April...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
7,331 Views
20 Pages

A Stochastic Model to Predict Flow, Nutrient and Temperature Changes in a Sewer under Water Conservation Scenarios

  • Olivia Bailey,
  • Ljiljana Zlatanovic,
  • Jan Peter van der Hoek,
  • Zoran Kapelan,
  • Mirjam Blokker,
  • Tom Arnot and
  • Jan Hofman

21 April 2020

Reducing water use could impact existing sewer systems but this is not currently well understood. This work describes a new flow and wastewater quality model developed to investigate this impact. SIMDEUM WW® was used to generate stochastic applia...

  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
8,973 Views
21 Pages

21 April 2020

This paper outlines recent advances in the design, application, and operations and maintenance (O&M) of aerated treatment wetland systems as well as current research trends. We provide the first-ever comprehensive estimate of the number and geogr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
74 Citations
8,113 Views
13 Pages

Recent Trends in Freshwater Influx to the Arctic Ocean from Four Major Arctic-Draining Rivers

  • Roxanne Ahmed,
  • Terry Prowse,
  • Yonas Dibike,
  • Barrie Bonsal and
  • Hayley O’Neil

21 April 2020

Runoff from Arctic rivers constitutes a major freshwater influx to the Arctic Ocean. In these nival-dominated river systems, the majority of annual discharge is released during the spring snowmelt period. The circulation regime of the salinity-strati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
5,496 Views
14 Pages

21 April 2020

Rainwater harvesting systems are often used as both an alternative water source and a stormwater management tool. Many studies have focused on the water-saving potential of these systems, but research into aspects that impact stormwater retention—suc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
55 Citations
6,511 Views
13 Pages

20 April 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare the removal efficiencies of manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) using pristine banana peel biochar (BPB) and phosphoric acid pre-treated biochars (PBPB) derived from banana peels. The removal efficiencies of Mn and F...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,875 Views
11 Pages

Can Borehole Heat Exchangers Trigger Cross-Contamination between Aquifers?

  • Alessandro Casasso,
  • Natalia Ferrantello,
  • Simone Pescarmona,
  • Carlo Bianco and
  • Rajandrea Sethi

20 April 2020

Borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) commonly reach depths of several tens of meters and cross different aquifers. Concerns have been raised about the possibility of boreholes to act as preferential pathways for contaminant transport among aquifers (cross...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
5,497 Views
23 Pages

Application of Random Forest and ICON Models Combined with Weather Forecasts to Predict Soil Temperature and Water Content in a Greenhouse

  • Yi-Zhih Tsai,
  • Kan-Sheng Hsu,
  • Hung-Yu Wu,
  • Shu-I Lin,
  • Hwa-Lung Yu,
  • Kuo-Tsang Huang,
  • Ming-Che Hu and
  • Shao-Yiu Hsu

20 April 2020

Climate change might potentially cause extreme weather events to become more frequent and intense. It could also enhance water scarcity and reduce food security. More efficient water management techniques are thus required to ensure a stable food sup...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,791 Views
16 Pages

A Performance Prediction Model for Pumps as Turbines (PATs)

  • Stefania Fontanella,
  • Oreste Fecarotta,
  • Bruno Molino,
  • Luca Cozzolino and
  • Renata Della Morte

20 April 2020

In recent years, the interest towards the use of pumps operating as turbines (PATs) for the generation of electrical energy has increased, due to the low cost of implementation and maintenance. The main issue that inhibits a wider use of PATs is the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,526 Views
24 Pages

20 April 2020

Storm separation is a key step when carrying out storm transposition analysis for Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) estimation in mountainous areas. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has recommended the step-duration-orographic-intensifi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,422 Views
14 Pages

Photocatalytic Evaluation of Ag2CO3 for Ethylparaben Degradation in Different Water Matrices

  • Athanasia Petala,
  • Athanasia Nasiou,
  • Dionissios Mantzavinos and
  • Zacharias Frontistis

20 April 2020

The present study examines the photocatalytic properties of silver carbonate (Ag2CO3) for ethyl paraben (EP) degradation under simulated solar irradiation. Ag2CO3 was prepared according to a solution method and its physicochemical characteristics wer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,197 Views
24 Pages

20 April 2020

As a clean, low-carbon, and green hydraulic transportation technology, wheeled capsule pipeline hydraulic transportation is a transportation mode conducive to the sustainable development of the social economy. Based on the method of a physical model...

  • Article
  • Open Access
65 Citations
13,795 Views
24 Pages

Assessing the Benefits of Forested Riparian Zones: A Qualitative Index of Riparian Integrity Is Positively Associated with Ecological Status in European Streams

  • Francis J. Burdon,
  • Ellinor Ramberg,
  • Jasmina Sargac,
  • Marie Anne Eurie Forio,
  • Nancy de Saeyer,
  • Petra Thea Mutinova,
  • Therese Fosholt Moe,
  • Mihaela Oprina Pavelescu,
  • Valentin Dinu and
  • Brendan G. McKie
  • + 9 authors

20 April 2020

Developing a general, predictive understanding of ecological systems requires knowing how much structural and functional relationships can cross scales and contexts. Here, we introduce the CROSSLINK project that investigates the role of forested ripa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,434 Views
23 Pages

20 April 2020

For multivariate frequency analysis of hydrometeorological data, the copula model is commonly used to construct joint probability distribution due to its flexibility and simplicity. The Maximum Pseudo-Likelihood (MPL) method is one of the most widely...

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
5,070 Views
22 Pages

20 April 2020

Against the background of global climate change and anthropogenic stresses, extreme climate events (ECEs) are projected to increase in both frequency and intensity. Precipitation is one of the main climate parameters for ECE analysis. However, accura...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,317 Views
17 Pages

20 April 2020

Managers of federal, state, local, and nonprofit organizations around the world are faced with the complex task of managing interconnected systems of scarce resources. One key example of this has been the recent research on the connections between wa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,435 Views
17 Pages

19 April 2020

An accurate measurement campaign, carried out on a confined porous aquifer, expressly reproduced in laboratory, allowed the determining of hydraulic conductivity values by performing a series of slug tests. This was done for four porous medium config...

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Water - ISSN 2073-4441