2025 December-2 - 289 articles
This work presents the development of a low-cost and high-performance multi-sensory gas detection instrument named the AIMNet Sensor, with the integration of a machine learning-based data processing method. The compact and low-power instrument (8.5 &...
Lithium has emerged as a pivotal material for the global energy transition, yet its supply security is challenged by limited geographical availability and growing demand. These constraints highlight the need for analytical methods that are not only a...
To address the limitations of sensor deployment and high maintenance costs in smart swine barns, this study proposes a digital twin (DT)-based virtual sensor prediction and visualization method. Spatial constraints and harsh barn environments often c...
Engineering education is based on experiential learning, but the problem is that in laboratory conditions, it is difficult to give feedback to the students in real time and personalize this feedback. The paper introduces the proposal of an innovative...
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder where reliable seizure tracking is essential for patient care. Existing documentation often relies on self-reports, which are unreliable, creating a need for objective, wearable-based solutions. Prior wor...
In operations involving the replacement of shield machine disc cutters, challenges such as limited space, poor lighting, and slurry contamination frequently lead to occlusions and incomplete data when using direct point cloud-based localization for d...
Against the backdrop of the continuous expansion of the automotive industry, consumer demand is undergoing a profound shift from quantity to quality. Conventional steering systems, due to their lack of dynamic adaptation to driver styles, struggle to...
Scene text recognition has significant application value in autonomous driving, smart retail, and assistive devices. However, due to challenges such as multi-scale variations, distortions, and complex backgrounds, existing methods such as CRNN, ViT,...
Mobile mapping systems using LiDAR technology are becoming a reliable surveying technique to generate accurate point clouds. Mobile mapping systems integrate several advanced surveying technologies. This research investigated the development of a low...
At the current stage, indoor Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning systems often encounter challenges in achieving high localization accuracy under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions within workshop environments when employing the Double-Sided Two-Way Ra...
Detecting small objects in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery remains a challenging task due to the limited target scale, cluttered backgrounds, severe occlusion, and motion blur commonly observed in dynamic aerial environments. This study present...
The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), a network of interconnected devices and sensors, has improved operational efficiency, comfort, and sustainability in smart buildings. However, relying on interconnected systems also introduces cy...
We present a novel concept of an electromagnetic mechanism for shifting the centre of gravity (CoG) in a small unmanned aerial vehicle with four rotors (quadrotor). Shifting the CoG is essential for controlling drones in which the thrust is unbalance...
Traditional segmentation methods are slow and rely on manual annotations, which are labor-intensive. To address these limitations, we propose YOLO-SAM AgriScan, a unified framework that combines the fast object detection capabilities of YOLOv11 with...
The expansion force generated by lithium-ion batteries during charge–discharge cycles is a key indicator of their structural safety and health. Recently, flexible pressure-sensing technologies have emerged as promising solutions for in situ swe...
The exponential growth of Internet infrastructure and the widespread adoption of smart sensing devices have empowered industrial personnel to conduct remote, real-time data analysis within the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) framework. However,...
Spectroscopic technology offers the advantage of rapid online monitoring and has attracted significant attention in molecular detection. However, the complex optical spectroscopic structure results in a relatively complex structure for spectral detec...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used indoors for inspection, security, and emergency tasks. Achieving accurate and robust localization under Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) unavailability and obstacle occlusions is therefor...
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Loosely Coupled (LC) integration framework has been widely adopted due to its simple structure, but it relies on complete GNSS position and velocity solutions, and the rapi...
Micro-expression recognition (MER), as an important branch of intelligent visual sensing, enables the analysis of subtle facial movements for applications in emotion understanding, human–computer interaction and security monitoring. However, ex...
Understanding the forces imparted onto an object during manipulation can shed light on the quality of daily manual behaviors. We have developed an objective measure of the quality of hand function in children, the Bead Maze Hand Function Test, which...
Recognizing handwritten Arabic characters written by children via scanned or camera-captured images is a challenging task due to variations in writing style, stroke irregularity, and diacritical marks. Although deep learning has advanced this field,...
Wafer-level thin-film stress measurement is essential for reliable semiconductor fabrication. However, existing techniques present limitations in practice. Interferometry achieves high precision but at a cost that becomes prohibitive for large wafers...
The progressive nature of dementia necessitates early detection strategies capable of identifying preclinical cognitive decline. Gait disturbances, mediated by higher-order cognitive functions, have emerged as potential digital biomarkers in this con...
Strokes are one of the leading causes of adult disability. There are a wide range of therapies available in stroke care for people with stroke, but there can be wide variations in the effectiveness of these therapies, so it is essential to review and...
Crosstalk between elements in ultrasonic transducer arrays significantly degrades image quality in medical ultrasound systems by introducing noise and reducing spatial resolution. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the origins of crosst...
Background/Objectives: Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) is a frequent post-stroke complication affecting 30–65% of survivors, contributing to motor dysfunction and reduced quality of life. Balance impairment is another major concern that increase...
Maintaining a safe working environment for construction workers is critical to the improvement of urban areas. Several issues plague the present safety helmet detection technologies utilized on construction sites. Some of these issues include low acc...
Cooperative path planning of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is pivotal for improving mission efficiency and safety in complex scenarios. However, the multi-constraint of UAVs increases the design difficulity of cooperative path planning. To...
Advances in visual recognition have relied on increasingly deep and wide convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which often introduce substantial computational and memory costs. This review summarizes recent progress in parameter-efficient CNN design...
RGB-guided spectral recovery algorithms include both spectral reconstruction (SR) methods that map image RGBs to spectra and pan-sharpening (PS) methods, where an RGB image is used to guide the upsampling of a low-resolution spectral image. In this p...
This work aims to evaluate the feasibility of using a COTS-embedded computer as an on-board computer (OBC) for nanosatellites in academic projects. The prototype is based on the BeagleBone Black board, which runs the cFS flight-mission software on th...
Actigraphy quantifies human locomotor activity by measuring wrist acceleration via wearable devices at relatively high rates and converting it into lower-temporal-resolution activity values; however, the computational implementations of this data com...
Homogeneous fluorescence immunoassays are in high demand due to their simplicity, rapidity, sensitivity, and specificity. These methods typically utilize immune-induced changes in the rotational mobility of the fluorophore with depolarization of plan...
Inter-turn short-circuit (ITSC) faults in motor drives can induce substantial circulating currents and localized thermal stress, ultimately degrading winding insulation and compromising torque stability. To enhance the operational reliability of open...
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have driven significant progress in intelligent anti-jamming communications. However, existing methods still face two major limitations: reinforcement learning-based models often suffer from slow converg...
The gearbox is a critical component in modern industrial systems, directly determining the operational reliability of machinery. Therefore, effective fault diagnosis is essential to ensure its proper functioning. Modern diagnostic approaches often em...
Autocollimators are widely used for sensor calibration. It is crucial to suppress systematic errors and enhance the measurement accuracy of autocollimators. However, the influence mechanism of systematic errors originating from the collimator objecti...
Electron transport in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is highly sensitive to interactions with their local environment, making them promising candidates for sensing applications. Specifically, this could allow detection of electrochemically and optically ine...
Gait events (instant of heel strikes and instant of toe-offs) are essential for extracting spatiotemporal parameters and segmenting biological signals (electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG)) based on gait cycle. While force platform...
Ultra-dense heterogeneous cellular networks in 6G and beyond face an escalating vulnerability to cell outages stemming from complex issues like parameter misconfigurations, hidden conflicts among Autonomous Network Functions (ANFs), multivendor incom...
A computational approach for early breast cancer detection using Dynamic Infrared Thermography (DIT) was developed. Thermograms are represented by multivariate time series extracted from thermal hotspots in the breast, capturing five features: maximu...
Wideband signal detection and recognition (WSDR) is considered an effective technical means for monitoring and analyzing spectra. The mainstream technical route involves constructing time–frequency representations for wideband sampled signals a...
Rear-end collisions remain a significant category of road accidents, despite widespread passive safety systems. Although modern seats are designed to reduce injury risk, the influence of accessory lumbar supports on passenger safety is still insuffic...
This paper introduces an adaptive impedance control strategy for robotic manipulators, developed through the extremum seeking technique. A model-based disturbance observer (DOB) is employed to estimate contact forces, removing the dependency on torqu...
The early detection of plant diseases is critical to improving agricultural productivity and ensuring food security. However, conventional centralized deep learning approaches are often unsuitable for large-scale agricultural deployments, as they rel...
On-field calibration for SINS often uses right hexahedron, but the influence of the structure errors, such as mutual position tolerances towards parallelism or the perpendicularity of two arbitrary planes of the hexahedron, on the calibration accurac...
Wearable inertial sensors offer a practical alternative to gold-standard optoelectronic systems for gait analysis, though their validity remains uncertain due to sensor placement. This study examined the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and th...
This paper proposes an adaptive layer-dependent threshold function (ALDTF) for denoising electrocardiogram (ECG) and multimode optical fiber-based cardiopulmonary signals. Based on wavelet transform, the method employs a layer-dependent threshold fun...
Simulation-based testing is playing an increasingly important role in the development and validation of automated driving functions, as real-world testing is often limited by cost, safety, and scalability. An essential part of this is the simulation...
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