Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Tumors that express hormone receptors account for 75% of all cases. Understanding alternative signaling cascades is important for finding new therapeutic targets for hormo...
Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4–1 (NEDD4) is an E3 ligase that leads to the degradation of proteins, including estrogen receptor α. We evaluated whether the expression level of NEDD4 affected the outcome of...
Enormous advances have been made in the understanding and treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC) in the last 30 years that have resulted in survival gains for affected patients. A growing body of evide...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer accounts for a significant proportion of cases. While various treatments are available, endocrine therapies are often the first-line tre...
The management of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer has changed dramatically with use of the 21-gene Recurrence Score® (RS) Assay. While the utility of the assay was initially demonstrated among node-negative patients, recent...
Background: Hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer (HR + BC) is the most prevalent breast cancer. Endocrine therapy is the mainstay of treatment, however, due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, resistance to endocrine ther...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in women. The vast majority of breast cancer patients have hormone receptor-positive (HR+) tumors. In advanced HR+ breast cancer, the combination of endocrine therapy with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4...
Prognostic or predictive biomarkers in HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) may inform treatment optimization. The ADAPT HER2-positive/hormone receptor-positive phase II trial (NCT01779206) demonstrated pathological complete response (pCR) rates o...
Emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota, melatonin synthesis, and breast cancer (BC) development in hormone receptor-positive patients (HR+HER2+ and HR+HER2-). This study investigated alterations in gut microbio...
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer represents the most prevalent molecular subtype of breast cancer, characterized by hormone-dependent growth, relatively indolent progression, and a pronounced tendency to metastasize to bone. While endoc...
Introduction: The optimal treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after progression on cyclin-dependent 4/6 kinase inhibitors (CDK4/6i) is unknown. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analy...
Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) tumors comprising approximately 70% of cases. Traditionally, HR+ breast cancer has been classified as immunologically “cold” d...
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers (ER+ BCas) are the most common form of BCa and are increasing in incidence, largely due to changes in reproductive practices in recent decades. Tamoxifen is prescribed as a component of standard-of-care endoc...
Axillary management in early-stage, HER2-negative, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer has undergone major changes in recent years. While axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was once considered essential for staging and regional control, increa...
Treatment paradigms in advanced hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer were substantially transformed with cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) approval. The addition of these drugs to endocrine treatment profoundly improved pro...
Studies have demonstrated correlations between accumulations of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), especially of M2-like phenotype, and increased mortality in advanced breast cancer. We investigated the prognostic potential of both main macrophage...
Background: Single-agent capecitabine (C) is a moderately effective chemotherapeutic compound in the treatment of patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). The capecitabine-vinorelbine (CV) combination is also used due to a good tol...
Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer accounts for around two-thirds of breast cancer occurrences, with endocrine therapy serving as first-line therapy in most cases. Targeting estrogen signaling pathways, which play a central role in regulat...
Background: Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) enhances survival outcomes in hormone receptor–positive (HR+) breast cancer. However, this treatment is associated with toxicities that may adversely affect the quality of life (QoL) and impact patie...
Recent progress in immunotherapy has led to the routine use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in TNBC therapy and significant improvement in clinical outcomes. Incorporation of ICI into HR+/HER2− or HER2+ breast cancer has been hindered by...
Window of opportunity (WoO) trials create the opportunity to demonstrate pharmacodynamic parameters of a drug in vivo and have increasing use in breast cancer research. Most breast cancer tumours are oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+), leading to the...
Breast cancer subtypes expressing hormone receptors (HR+ BCa) have a good prognosis and respond to first-line endocrine therapy (ET). However, the majority of HR+ BCa patients exhibit intrinsic or acquired ET resistance (ET-R) and rapid onset of incu...
Background/Objectives: Hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer is the most common subtype, with endocrine therapy as the standard treatment. Despite the advancements in adjuvant endocrine therapy, recurrence remains a challenge, partic...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. PIK3CA gene mutations, which are often present in advanced HR+ breast cancer, can be targeted by alpelisib. However, data on PIK3CA mutations in Chile a...
Background: Metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer is commonly treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy. However, the efficacy and safety of this approach in elderly patients (≥70 years) remain unclear, particularly in the...
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Approximately 70–80% of BCs express estrogen receptors (ER), which predict the response to endocrine therapy (ET), and are therefore hormone receptor-positive (HR+). Endogenous ca...
Hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer represents a distinct subtype expressing estrogen and progesterone receptors with an overexpression of HER2. Approximately 14% of female breast cancer cases are HER2-positive, with the majori...
The current molecular classification divides breast cancer into four major subtypes, including luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and basal-like, based on receptor gene expression profiling. Luminal A and luminal B are hormone receptor (HR, estroge...
Derangement of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is implicated in several subtypes of breast cancers. Mutation or upregulation of PI3K enhances cancer cells’ survival, proliferation, and ability to metastasize, making it an attractive...
Obesity following breast cancer diagnosis is associated with poor overall survival. Understanding weight trajectories will help inform breast cancer survivors at greater risk of weight gain, and those who would benefit from earlier anti-obesity inter...
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is the most common form of breast cancer. Antiestrogens were the first therapy aimed at treating this subtype, but resistance to these warranted the development of a new treatment option. CDK4/6 inhibito...
Recently, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have been widely used to treat advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Despite promising clinical outcomes, almost all patients eventually acquire resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Here,...
Systemic treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer is undergoing a renaissance, with a number of targeted therapies including CDK4/6, mTOR, and PI3K inhibitors now approved for use in combination with endocrine therapies. The increas...
In patients with early-stage endocrine receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC), adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) for 5 years is the standard of care. However, for some patients, the risk of recurrence remain high for up to 15 years after diagnosis...
Background: Several targeted drugs have been recently approved for the treatment of PIK3CA-mutated hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative (HER2−) breast cancer (BC). This study aimed at a comprehensive evaluation of the spectrum of PIK3C...
Women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer and have worse survival than non-diabetic women if they do develop breast cancer. However, more research is needed to elucidate the biological underpinnings of...
Background: The steady decline in breast cancer (bca) mortality has come at the cost of increasingly toxic and expensive adjuvant therapies. Trials evaluating the addition of 2 or 3 years of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (cdk4/6) inhibitors to adjuvant...
The emergence of CDK4/6 inhibitors, such as palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, has revolutionized the treatment landscape for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. These agents have demonstrated significant clinical benefits in terms of bot...
Hormonal therapy has been an integral component of the adjuvant strategy for women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer for decades [...]
The expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) in breast cancer (BC) represents a strong prognostic and predictive biomarker and directs therapeutic decisions in early and advanced stages. ER-low-positive BC, defined by the immunohistochemical (IHC) expr...
The hormone receptor-positive (HR+) type is the most frequently identified subtype of breast cancer. HR+ breast cancer has a more positive prognosis when compared to other subtypes, such as human epidermal growth factor protein 2-positive disorder an...
Ionotropic glutamate receptors—including N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and kainate receptors—play a pivotal role in excitatory signaling in the central nervous system (CNS)...
Background: The cost-effectiveness of first-line treatment with lapatinib plus letrozole for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) has not b...
The dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is a promising target for treating various psychiatric disorders. While upregulation of D1R activity has shown potential in alleviating motor and cognitive symptoms, orthosteric agonists have limitations, restricting th...
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, constituting one-third of all cancers in women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Anti-estrogen therapies, such as selective estrogen r...
The frequent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its crucial role in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer tumorigenesis and drug resistance has made it a highly attractive therapeutic target in this breast cancer subtype. Consequent...
Despite global research efforts, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The majority of these deaths are due to metastasis occurring years after the initial treatment of the primary tumor and occurs at a higher fr...
(1) Background: Two first-in-class racemic dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) chemotypes (1 and 2) were identified from a high-throughput screen. In particular, due to its selectivity for the D1R and reported lack of intri...
While clinical responses to palbociclib have been promising, metastatic breast cancer remains incurable due to the development of resistance. We generated estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and ER-negative (ER−) cell line models and determined their pe...
Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a rare ovarian malignancy primarily affecting younger women and is characterized by an indolent growth pattern. It exhibits indolent growth and high estrogen/progesterone receptor expression, suggesting pote...
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