Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in electrocardiography (ECG) to assist in diagnosis, stratification, and management. AI algorithms can help clinicians in the following areas: (1) interpretation and detection of arrhythmias, ST-segme...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, significantly driven by chronic inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are critical inflammatory cytokines implicated in CVD progre...
As the world produces exabytes of data, there is a growing need to find new methods that are more suitable for dealing with complex datasets. Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential to impact the healthcare industry, which is already o...
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1-R) agonists are novel therapeutic agents used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, large-scale randomized clinical trials have b...
Background: Left atrial (LA) function is crucial for assessing left ventricular filling in various cardiovascular conditions. Cardiac Amyloidosis (CA) is characterized by atrial myopathy and LA function impairment, with diastolic dysfunction up to re...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a major global health challenge, leading to significant morbidity and mortality while straining healthcare systems. Despite progress in medical treatments for CVDs, their increasing prevalence calls for a shift t...
A prevalent condition linked to an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease is sleep apnea. This review examines the connections between cardiac risk, the sympathetic nervous system, and sleep apnea. The increased risk of hypertension, arrhythmias, my...
Arterial stiffness is a recognized predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and death. It is an early indicator of arteriosclerosis and is influenced by numerous risk factors and biological processes. The lipid metabolism is crucial and standard blood l...
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an emerging technology that can potentially transform clinical CT imaging. After a brief description of the PCCT technology, this review summarizes its main advantages over conventional CT: improved spati...
Soluble (s)ST2 has been proposed as a useful biomarker for heart failure (HF) patient management. Myocardial damage or mechanical stress stimulate sST2 release. ST2 competes with a membrane bound receptor (ST2 ligand, or ST2L) for interleukin-33 (IL-...
Τransradial artery access has recently gained widespread acceptance as the preferred approach for coronary angiography and interventions, due to its lower incidence of bleeding and vascular complications compared to transfemoral access. However,...
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has significantly revolutionized the comprehension and diagnosis of cardiac diseases, particularly through the utilization of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging for tissue characterization. LGE enables t...
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial systemic disease that affects the entire arterial tree, although some areas are more prone to lipid deposits than others. Moreover, the histopathological composition of the plaques differs, and the clinical manifes...
In the past decades, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become the most common modality for myocardial revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor is...
Among the most common problems facing public health today is a lack of vitamin D, which plays a role in the physiological processes of chronic illness conditions. Vitamin D deficiency in metabolic disorders has primary effects on osteoporosis, obesit...
Heart failure (HF) remains an important global health issue, substantially contributing to morbidity and mortality. According to epidemiological studies, men and women face nearly equivalent lifetime risks for HF. However, their experiences diverge s...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have a more potent glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)-lowering effect than existing therapies and are widely used for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Once-daily oral semaglutide is the world&rsqu...
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play fundamental roles in cardiac development and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. With advances in RNA sequencing technology, the focus of recent research has transitioned fr...
The vegan diet, often known as a plant-rich diet, consists primarily of plant-based meals. This dietary approach may be beneficial to one’s health and the environment and is valuable to the immune system. Plants provide vitamins, minerals, phyt...
As heart transplantation continues to be the gold-standard therapy for end-stage heart failure, the supply-demand imbalance of available organs worsens. Until recently, there have been no advances in increasing the donor pool, as prolonged cold ische...
The current standard of care for pediatric patients with unrepairable congenital valvular disease is a heart valve implant. However, current heart valve implants are unable to accommodate the somatic growth of the recipient, preventing long-term clin...
Background: Cardiac diseases are a major global health issue with an increasing prevalence of affected people. Rehabilitation following cardiac events is underutilized, despite its proven effectiveness. Digital interventions might present a useful ad...
Electroporation is used in medicine for drug and gene delivery, and as a nonthermal ablation method in tumor treatment and cardiac ablation. Electroporation involves delivering high-voltage electric pulses to target tissue; however, this can cause ef...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant global health concern and the leading cause of death in many countries. Early detection and diagnosis of CVD can significantly reduce the risk of complications and mortality. Machine learning methods, par...
Autophagy, a dynamic and complex process responsible for the clearance of damaged cellular components, plays a crucial role in maintaining myocardial homeostasis. In the context of heart failure, autophagy has been recognized as a response mechanism...
Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are at an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, and those with disease in the lower extremities are at risk of major adverse limb events primarily driven by atherothrombosis. Traditionall...
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease in which misfolded proteins accumulate in the cardiac wall tissue. Heart rhythm disorders in CA, including supraventricular arrhythmias, conduction system disturbances, or ve...
Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) currently represents a valuable therapeutic option for patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) considered at high surgical risk. Besides symptoms and left ventricular (LV) echocardiographic improvements...
Cellular senescence (CS), classically considered a stable cell cycle withdrawal, is hallmarked by a progressive decrease in cell growth, differentiation, and biological activities. Senescent cells (SNCs) display a complicated senescence-associated se...
Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, also called gliflozins or flozins, are a class of drugs that have been increasingly used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their glucose-lowering, cardiovascular (CV)...
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is marked by a heightened risk of embolic events (EEs), uncontrolled infection, or heart failure (HF). Methods: Patients with IE and surgical indication were enrolled from October 2015 to December 2018. The pri...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden, demanding innovative therapeutic approaches. In recent years, mRNA therapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy to combat CVDs effectively. Unlike conventional small-mo...
Blood pressure (BP) dynamics during graded exercise testing provide important insights into cardiovascular health, particularly in athletes. These measurements, taken during intense physical exertion, complement and often enhance our understanding be...
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are glucose-lowering agents whose positive impact on cardiovascular risk has been described extensively. Not only do they influence lipid profile, blood pressure, atherosclerosis risk, hemoglo...
Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice affecting both patients’ survival and well-being. Apart from aging, many cardiovascular risk factors may cause structural remodeling of the atrial myocardium lea...
Background: Mechanical prostheses and bioprosthetic prostheses have their own advantages and disadvantages. Mechanical ones are recommended for younger patients (<50 years old), and bioprosthetic ones are recommended for older patients (>70 yea...
Doxorubicin is an anthracycline chemotherapeutic that is widely used for treating various malignancies, including breast cancer, lymphomas, and sarcomas. Despite its efficacy, its clinical utility is limited by a well-documented risk of cardiotoxicit...
Stroke constitutes a significant public health concern due to its impact on mortality and morbidity. This study investigates the utility of machine learning algorithms in predicting stroke and identifying key risk factors using data from the Suita st...
Cardiovascular disease morbidity/mortality are increasing due to an aging population and the rising prevalence of diabetes and obesity. Therefore, innovative cardioprotective measures are required to reduce cardiovascular disease morbidity/mortality....
The appropriate diagnosis and subtyping of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is frequently missed or delayed due to its vague presentation, clinical overlapping, and diagnostic pitfalls. Recent developments in both invasive and non-invasive diagnostic techniq...
A growing body of research has begun to link exposure to environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals, with a variety of negative health outcomes. In this paper, we sought to review the current research describing the impact of certain common con...
The interplay between neurology and cardiology has gained significant attention in recent years, particularly regarding the shared pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical comorbidities observed in epilepsy and arrhythmias. Neuro-cardiac electrophy...
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia affecting millions of people worldwide. The cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) is widely recognized as playing a key role in both the initiation and propagation of AF. This paper revi...
Robots are defined as programmable machines that can perform specified tasks. Medical robots are emerging solutions in the field of cardiology leveraging recent technological innovations of control systems, sensors, actuators, and imaging modalities....
Background: Type A Acute Aortic Dissection (TAAAD) repair is a surgical emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality. Registry data have noted several sex-specific differences in presentation with TAAAD which may account for the differences...
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a silent epidemic, which is progressing relentlessly across the globe. Developing countries such as India have a high prevalence of dyslipidemia and consequently a huge burden of coronary artery disea...
Valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is emerging as an effective treatment for patients with symptomatically failing bioprosthetic valves and a high prohibitive surgical risk; a longer life expectancy has led to a higher...
Although most congenital heart defects (CHDs) are asymptomatic at birth, certain CHD lesions are at significant risk of severe hemodynamic instability and death if emergent cardiac interventions are not performed in a timely fashion. Therefore, accur...
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an underdiagnosed form of infiltrative cardiomyopathy caused by abnormal amyloid fibrils deposited extracellularly in the myocardium and cardiac structures. There can be high variability in its clinical manifestations, and...
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides important information for the assessment and management of patients with heart failure. This testing measures the respiratory and cardiac responses to exercise and allows measurement of the oxygen upta...
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