New Perspectives on the Gut–Brain Axis: Multiomics, Machine Learning, and Therapeutic Interventions

Dear Colleagues,

The gut–brain axis, responsible for bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system, is a cutting-edge topic in contemporary biomedical research. Recent findings indicate that this complex system, driven by microbial metabolites, neuroendocrine signals, and immune responses, is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and can influence neuroinflammation, behavior, and neurological health. However, fully understanding the precise molecular details and translating these complex microbial interactions into predictive or therapeutic applications remains a significant challenge.

This Special Issue will provide a comprehensive platform for multidisciplinary research exploring the cellular and molecular networks that develop along the gut–brain axis and associated diseases. We invite manuscripts that utilize advanced methodological frameworks and integrate high-throughput multi-omics data, such as massive sequencing metagenomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and single-cell transcriptomics, to identify potential unique molecular signatures and facilitate biomarker discovery. Furthermore, we welcome studies that employ artificial intelligence, machine learning algorithms, and predictive computational models to stratify risk or forecast neurological, psychiatric, or metabolic disorders based on gut microbiome profiles and dysbiosis. Finally, this Special Issue will include studies on advanced probiotics, psychobiotics, and postbiotics, examining their molecular mechanisms, cellular targets, and influence on synaptic plasticity, as well as their future application in the treatment of related diseases. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) the following:

• Multi-omics data integration (metagenomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) to identify molecular biomarkers along the gut–brain axis.
• Application of machine learning, neural networks, and computational workflows to predictive disease modeling using microbiome data.
• Molecular and cellular mechanisms by which psychobiotics, postbiotics, and engineered bacterial strains influence neuroinflammation and behavior.
• Microbial regulation of blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.
• The role of commensal versus pathogenic gastrointestinal entities in triggering neurodegenerative, psychiatric, or systemic metabolic pathways.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Gabriela Ibáñez-Cervantes
Dr. Cindy Bandala
Guest Editors

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