Advances in Breast MRI

Dear Colleagues,

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an incidence of 24.2% in 2018, and the most frequent cause of cancer death, with a 15.0% mortality, in women worldwide. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is an essential tool in breast imaging, with multiple established indications, varying from screening of high-risk women to breast cancer staging and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) response evaluation.

Kinetic and morphologic features alone do not always allow differentiating malignant from benign lesions, since the specificity of breast MRI is variable, ranging between 72% and 94%. Therefore, even though the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for the evaluation of breast parenchyma is still mandatory, several authors have proposed to consider additional features to improve specificity. We can consider using additional sequences, such as DWI and spectroscopy, or to identify some DCE–MRI biomarkers in order to assess their prognostic value for cancer aggressiveness.

Moreover, radiomics/-genomics image analysis and artificial intelligence may aid in better differentiating between benign and malignant entities, and patient characteristics, to better stratify patients according to risk for disease.

Prof. Federica Pediconi
Dr. Francesca Galati
Guest Editors

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