Earth, Volume 6, Issue 3

Natural reserves in the West African drylands play a critical role in sustaining livelihoods and preserving ecological integrity. However, these ecosystems face growing threats from climate variability and anthropogenic pressure. This study assesses...

Mercury (Hg) pollution from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a global environmental and public health concern. In Indonesia, ASGM remains widespread, yet assessments of multimedia contamination and health risks are limited. This study...

The Port of Veracruz, the main port in the Gulf of Mexico, has experienced a significant increase in its import and export operations, such as petroleum coke (Petcoke), a solid waste, mainly used in the steel industry. During the period of 2010&ndash...

The study examines the relationship between water surface loss and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon, focusing on the expansion of farming (crops and agriculture, as well as pasture and livestock) and the impact of inadequate legislation from 198...

Lavender is a plant widely used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries, and it is also well known for producing nectar and pollen that bees use to make honey. However, due to increasingly adverse atmospheric conditions in recent years,...

This study investigates the relationship between land use and soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in tropical Andean ecosystems, introducing a socio-ecological perspective to assess how community conservation perceptions influence SOC storage and contr...

Backward Lagrangian stochastic modeling is widely used to estimate emission rates from land surfaces to the atmosphere. It is also applied to calculate concentrations of pollutants due to known emission sources. A key component of this modeling techn...

In the original publication [...]

In the exploitation of ion-adsorption rare earth ores, the environmental effects of leaching agents are key constraints for green mining. Understanding the release behavior of typical heavy metals from soils under leaching conditions is of great sign...

Understanding the dispersion of volcanic sulphur dioxide (SO₂) plumes is crucial for assessing their environmental and climatic impacts. This study integrates satellite-based and reanalysis datasets to simulate as well as visualise the dispersion pat...

Frequent grassland fires have severely affected regional ecosystems as well as the production and living conditions of local residents. Grassland fire prevention capabilities constitute an integral part of the disaster prevention and mitigation syste...

The Elfeija Dune Field (EDF) is a continental aeolian system in an arid region of southeastern Morocco. Studying this system is critical for understanding the effects of mounting climatic and anthropogenic pressures. This study provides a comprehensi...

Existing drainage systems have limited capacity to mitigate future climate change-induced flooding problems effectively. However, some studies have evaluated the effectiveness of integrating Water-Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) with existing drainage...

Accurate soil moisture estimation is critical for precision agriculture and water resource management, yet traditional sampling methods are time-consuming, destructive, and provide limited spatial coverage. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) offers a pro...

Since 2005, landscape ecology has emerged as a structured scientific field in the Democratic Republic of Congo, notably shaped by the contributions of Professor Jan Bogaert. The evolution of research in this field can be divided into three main phase...

Land degradation in drylands represents a critical environmental challenge, with persistent bare soil serving as a key indicator of ecosystem vulnerability, including in the Caatinga biome. This study maps and analyzes the spatial and temporal dynami...

The water–energy–food (WEF) nexus provides a critical framework for addressing the interconnected challenges of resource scarcity and sustainability in the face of global population growth and climate variability. This study investigates...

Quantifying land–atmosphere transport remains crucial for advancing climate prediction and weather forecasting efforts. To improve turbulent flux estimation, the anisotropy of turbulence is taken into consideration. The parameters $x_B$ and $y_B$, wh...

Water-related ecosystem services provide a broad range of benefits, including the mitigation of extreme hydrometeorological events, the provision of water for various uses, the support of tourism, and the provision of cultural services. This study as...

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is experiencing higher warming rates than elsewhere, which may affect regional vegetation growth. Particularly on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau (ETP), where the topography is diverse and rich in biodiversity, it is necessary to...

The phenomenon of arable land non-agriculturalization has become increasingly severe, posing significant threats to the security of arable land resources and ecological sustainability. This study focuses on Dachang Hui Autonomous County in Langfang C...

Floods are among the most devastating hydrometeorological natural disasters worldwide, causing massive infrastructure and economic loss in low-lying, flood-prone developing countries like Bangladesh. Effective disaster mitigation relies on organized...

This study presents a hybrid approach to hydrological forecasting by integrating the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model with Prophet time-series modeling and machine learning–based multi-output regression. Applied to t...

In early May 2025, extreme wildfires swept across Manitoba, Canada, fueled by unseasonably warm temperatures, prolonged drought, and stressed vegetation. We explore how multi-source satellite indicators—such as anomalies in snow cover, precipit...

Urban vegetation monitoring is essential for sustainable city planning but is often constrained by the high cost and limited frequency of field-based inventories. This study evaluates the use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), deri...

Climate change has accelerated the retreat of Andean glaciers, with significant recent losses in the tropical Andes. This study evaluates the extinction of the Carihuairazo volcano glacier (Ecuador), quantifying its area from 1312.5 m² in September 2...

Refining the land use structure can boost land utilization efficiency and curtail regional carbon emissions. Nevertheless, prior research has predominantly concentrated on static linear planning analysis. It has failed to account for how future dynam...

Landslides are among the most hazardous natural phenomena affecting Greater Abidjan, causing significant economic and social damage. Strategic planning supported by geographic information systems (GIS) can help mitigate potential losses and enhance d...

Fresh water is vital for human activities; however, an increase in the contamination of water bodies has been observed, so it is necessary to monitor the degree of contamination and take measures to preserve it. In Altamira, Tamaulipas, the Guayalejo...

Amid global environmental changes, urbanisation erodes nature connectedness, an important driver of pro-environmental behaviours and human well-being, exacerbating human-made risks like biodiversity loss and climate change. This study introduces a no...

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is widely recognized as a fundamental parameter in assessing water quality, given its critical role in supporting aquatic ecosystems. Accurate estimation of DO levels is crucial for effective management of riverine environments,...

Water scarcity, exacerbated by climate change, population growth, and competing sectoral demands, poses a major threat to agricultural sustainability, particularly in irrigated regions such as the Nile Delta in Egypt. Addressing this challenge requir...

Urbanization is causing a decrease in agricultural land. This leads to changes in cropping patterns, irrigation water availability, and water allowance. Therefore, change in cropping pattern, irrigation water availability, and water allowance were in...

In recent years, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GISs) have become essential tools for effective landscape management. This study utilizes these technologies to analyze land use and land cover (LULC) changes in Dibru-Saikhowa Natio...

In recent decades, the River Ganges in India has been heavily contaminated with domestic waste and industrial toxins because of cultural activities, a lack of community awareness, an absence of sewage disposal facilities, and rapid population growth....

Community-based systems present a key option for water services, especially in rural areas. Our goal is to achieve a state-of-the-art understanding of joint rural water supply development in Finland over 150 years. A mixed-methods approach was used:...

This study explores the use of ensemble machine learning models to develop wildfire susceptibility maps (WFSMs) in Greece, focusing on their application as regressors. We provide a continuous assessment of wildfire risk, enhancing the interpretabilit...

Increasing global population and threat from climate change are imposing economic, social, and ecological challenges to global food production. The demand for food is increasing, necessitating enhanced agricultural production with minimal environment...

Land use and land cover (LULC) in Northern Bangladesh have undergone substantial transformations due to both anthropogenic and natural drivers. This study examines historical LULC changes (1990–2022) and projects future trends for 2030 and 2054...

This study analyzes the evolution of hydrometeorological risks and severe weather events in Catalonia through an extensive review of 21,312 news reports aired by Televisió de Catalunya (TVC) between 1984 and 2019, 10,686 (50.1%) of which focus...

Glaciers are significant sources of fresh water on planet Earth. The Hindukush–Karakoram–Himalayan (HKH) glaciers provide the water supply to more than half of the human population of the globe, for agricultural activities, biodiversity s...

Danube River represents a critical axis of ecological and economic importance for the countries along its course. From this perspective, this paper aims to assess the most significant characteristics of the river and of its main tributaries, as well...

Flooding poses significant challenges in semi-arid regions, where irregular rainfall patterns increase environmental vulnerability. This study explicitly aims to improve flood susceptibility mapping by integrating advanced machine learning (ML) algor...

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and robustness of the GR2m “Génie Rural à 2 paramètres au pas du temps Mensuel” rainfall–runoff model for simulating streamflow under past and future hydrometeorologi...

This study presents the first comprehensive nationwide assessment of mangrove ecosystems in the Maldives. Surveys were conducted across 162 islands in 20 administrative atolls, integrating field data, the literature, and secondary sources to map mang...

Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is the largest source of global mercury (Hg) emissions. This study investigated Hg contamination in water, soil, sediment, fish, and cassava plants around ASGM sites in Gunung Pongkor, West Java, Indonesia. Hg...

Sustainable development is increasingly challenged by the growing threats of climate change. There is a close relationship between climate change, public health, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study investigates the temperature anomal...

Machine learning models are increasingly used for streamflow prediction due to their promising performance. However, their data-driven nature makes interpretation challenging. This study explores the interpretability of a Random Forest model trained...

Although Bangladesh is frequently regarded as ‘ground zero’ for climate change, the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHTs) have only recently been acknowledged for their environmental vulnerabilities, especially after the devastating rainfall and...

A vital step for any hydrochemical assessment is properly carrying out quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) techniques to evaluate data confidence before performing the assessment. Understanding the processes governing groundwater evolution...