Fire, Volume 7, Issue 12

As one of the important features in the early stage of fires, the detection of smoke can provide a faster early warning of a fire, thus suppressing the spread of the fire in time. However, the features of smoke are not apparent; the shape of smoke is...

The objective of this article is to create soil burn severity maps to serve as field support for erosion tasks after forest fire occurrence in Spain (2017–2022). The Analytical Spectral Device (ASD) FieldSpec and the CIMEL CE-312 radiometers (o...

The number of big fires in buildings appears to be increasing [...]

The characterization and mapping of fuel types is one of the most important factors to consider in the development of accurate fire behavior models. This study introduces a new methodology for generating a fuel map that can be easily updated on an an...

Coal mining frequently sees explosions caused by methane/coal dust mixtures, resulting in significant harm to people and property damage. This study utilized the Hartmann pipe experiment to investigate the inhibition mechanisms of ultrafine water mis...

The smoke diffusion characteristics in an asymmetric V-shaped tunnel located at the slope change point were studied by experiments in a 1/20 small-scale tunnel. The influences of the slope composition of the V-shaped tunnel and fire heat release rate...

The increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires highlight the need to develop more efficient tools for firefighting and management, particularly in the field of wildfire spread prediction. Classical wildfire spread models have relied on mathemati...

Aircraft cargo compartment fires are one of the main threats to the safety of civil aircraft. In this study, a series of numerical simulations on the fire suppression performance of water mist in cargo compartments was carried out to examine the effe...

Ship structures may collapse or be severely deformed during a fire. To precisely assess the post-fire structural integrity of ships, in this study, a thermal–mechanical coupling data interface was created, employing a significant eddy simulatio...

Wooden structures are prone to fire hazards, and studying their combustion properties is vital for their protection. Samples of fresh pine wood (FP) and pine subjected to artificially accelerated aging (treated at 240 circulation) were collected and...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) catch fire easily due to thermal runaway (TR). Fires following TR in LIBs pose a serious threat to public safety. Effective extinguishing methods for LIB fires have not been developed. In this work, the effect of a synerg...

Earth systems models (ESMs), which can simulate the complex feedbacks between climate and fires, struggle to predict fires well for tropical rainforests. This study provides equations that predict historic carbon monoxide emissions from Amazon rainfo...

The analysis conducted herein has shown that the efficiency of smoke precipitation can be improved by additionally making smoke particles interact with ultrasonic (US) oscillations. Because the efficiency of US coagulation lowers when small particles...

In coal mines, the mixture of coal dust and gas is more ignitable than gas alone, posing a high explosion risk to workers. Using the explosion tube, this study examines the explosion propagation characteristics and flame temperature of low-concentrat...

Wildfires and post-fire restoration methods significantly impact soil physicochemical properties and microbial characteristics in forest ecosystems. Understanding post-fire soil recovery and the impacts of various post-fire restoration methods is ess...

The 2019–2020 Black Summer bushfire in Australia is a good example of the frequent and severe bushfires (wildfires) observed around the world in recent years. Fire-enhanced winds and fire–wind interactions during those bushfire events hav...

Chyulu Hills, Kenya, serves as one of the region’s water towers by supplying groundwater to surrounding streams and springs in southern Kenya. In a semiarid region, this water is crucial to the survival of local people, farms, and wildlife. The...

Domestic electrical fires can occur for a variety of reasons, including faulty wiring and plugs, overloaded circuits, and malfunctioning electrical appliances. In this article, the circumstances of domestic electrical fire injuries between 2011 and 2...

Wildfire risk increases following non-fire disturbance events, but this relationship is not always linear or cumulative, and previous studies are not consistent in differentiating between disturbance loops versus cascades. Previous research on distur...

Wildfires have become a significant environmental and public health concern worldwide, particularly due to their increased frequency and intensity driven by climate change. Wildfire smoke, composed of a complex mixture of particulate matter, gases an...

The unique structure of ancient buildings poses a significant risk of fire hazards, so the assessment of potential fire risk is of great significance to fire safety management. This paper examines the fire risk associated with the building complex of...

(1) Background: Forest fires are widespread in Mediterranean-climate regions and are becoming very common in urban and peri-urban areas. (2) Methods: Wildfires in Attica since 1977 are mapped and types of vegetation burned are reported. (3) Results:...

Many firefighters have inadequate levels of physical fitness which can impair firefighting performance. Understanding the factors that influence exercise and fitness behaviors could help identify those less likely to stay physically fit. Methods: A s...

This study analyzes the forest flammability hazard in the south of Tyumen Oblast (Western Siberia, Russia) and identifies variation patterns in fire areas depending on weather and climate characteristics in 2008–2023. Using correlation analysis...

This study focuses on the safe evacuation strategy and evacuation process in the subway train under the fires. The subway station evacuation mode should be adopted if the power system of a subway train is normal on fire. While, the tunnel evacuation...

Compliance with fire safety standards for wood is crucial for its application in the internal applications of buildings. This article focuses on monitoring the quality of protective coatings for wood under thermal loading conditions. The examined sam...

To investigate public perceptions regarding tunnel fire disasters and optimize the tunnel fire disaster prevention framework, this study takes the emerging social media platform Douyin as a case study, conducting an in-depth analysis of 2133 short vi...

This work presents experimental and numerical research on the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of flame-retardant polycarbonate under low ambient pressure. A novel experimental low-pressure combustion platform was constructed to determine the...

Fire accidents in electric vehicles are mainly caused by battery fires, and one of the most effective fire suppression methods is to spray water from the bottom of a vehicle in an upward direction. In this study, analyses and experiments were conduct...

Background: Escape routes are important measures for firefighters to ensure their own safety, providing predetermined paths to safe areas. Their establishment needs to consider numerous factors, such as the timeliness and safety of the routes. Aims:...

This paper reports on research undertaken for the Building Resilience for Bushfire-Affected Communities in Noosa Shire project, funded by the Australian Government. Being evacuated from a home in the path of a bushfire can be traumatic. Therefore, it...

As wildfire activity increases worldwide, developing effective methods for estimating how fast it can spread is critical. This study aimed to develop and validate a computer vision algorithm for fire spread estimation. Using visual flame data from la...

Experimental studies on the application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to extinguish high-repeatability transmission line wildfires are not available. In this study, a scheme involving a UAV releasing a fire-extinguishing bomb at a high altitude...

Background: Wildfire modelers rely on Monte Carlo simulations of wildland fire to produce burn probability maps. These simulations are computationally expensive. Methods: We study the application of importance sampling to accelerate the estimation of...

Global climate change is leading to increased wildfire activity in many parts of the world, and with increasing development, a heightened threat to communities in the wildland urban interface. Evaluating the potential for fire to affect communities a...

The underground power houses of pumped-storage power stations (PSPSs) are highly complex, with interconnected and multidimensional structures, including various tunnels, such as the main and auxiliary power houses (MAPH), main transformer tunnel (MTT...

Fire causes changes in many soil attributes, depending on multiple factors which are difficult to control in the field, such as maximum temperature, heat residence time, charred material incorporation, etc. The objective of this study is to evaluate...

Fires constitute a significant risk to public safety and property, making early and accurate detection essential for an effective response and damage mitigation. Traditional fire detection methods have limitations in terms of accuracy and adaptabilit...

Carbon fluxes are valuable indicators of soil and ecosystem health, particularly in the context of climate change, where reducing carbon emissions from anthropogenic activities, such as forest fires, is a global priority. This study aimed to evaluate...

The presented study deals with the effectiveness of sorbents in the equipment of firefighting units in Slovakia. Currently, there are many manufacturers of sorbents on the market and also a number of types of these products. As a result of an emergen...

The coal–oxygen composite reaction is a complex physicochemical reaction process, and different heating rates have a great influence on this reaction. In order to reveal the influence of different heating rates on the coal–oxygen composit...

Wildfire ignitions are often linked to environmental and climatic factors, but human behavior plays a critical role, particularly in rural southern Europe. However, tools to quantify the probability of human-caused ignitions are lacking. This study a...

Vertical greenery or green walls are spreading rapidly not only in Southeast Asia but also in colder regions such as Western and Central Europe. The simultaneous growth and densification of larger cities has accelerated this trend recently as these c...

Ensuring firefighter safety during oil tank fires is paramount, given the substantial risks posed by thermal radiation. This study employs both the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA) software to simulat...

The surveillance of the National Park Kotychi and Strofylia Wetlands in southwest Greece with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is studied in this work. As comprehensive coverage of the region cannot be attained with just stationary ground cameras, mul...

The rapid detection and accurate localization of wildfires are critical for effective disaster management and response. This study proposes an innovative Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-based fire detection system leveraging a modified Miti-DETR mode...

This study aimed to enhance the accuracy of forest fire susceptibility mapping (FSM) by innovatively applying recursive feature elimination (RFE) with an ensemble of machine learning models, specifically Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest...

If electric power is distributed by an overhead network of cables, the ignition of wildland fires is unavoidable, although prudent management efforts can reduce the losses. The economic aspects of these fires are driven by tort litigation, which tend...

The ignition of combustible materials by electric welding spatters represents a significant cause of fires in welding operations, and the current intensity is a sensitive factor that affects the ignition capacity of welding spatters. In this work, th...

Wildland firefighting is physically and mentally demanding. The aerobic capacity of firefighters is important due to the demands of the activity and the associated occupational risks. The main objectives of this study were to identify and characteris...