2026 March - 44 articles
During a tunnel fire, the foremost priority is the safe evacuation of passengers. Extreme temperatures and toxic combustion products can quickly lead to mass casualties, so evacuation support systems require fast forecasts of how hazardous conditions...
This paper proposes a physics-informed hybrid digital CO2 emission-control technology for maritime transport, designed for adaptive ship speed optimization along a predefined geographical route between two ports, discretized into quasi-stationary seg...
This study presents a comprehensive wildfire risk assessment framework for Rhodes Island, Greece, aimed at quantifying the impacts of climate change on hazard levels and vulnerability in a typical Mediterranean environment. The approach integrates Fi...
Building materials’ fire properties directly affect the fire risk of buildings. Ignition, the initiating event of any building fire, occurs when a heat source ignites surrounding combustible materials. Although several parameters—such as...
To analyze the fire resistance performance of the substation framework protected by fire-retardant coating, herringbone column structure substation frameworks under heating curve conditions specified by the ISO 834 standard were simulated using ABAQU...
Crop residue open burning is a major source of atmospheric pollutants that degrade regional air quality, enhance climate forcing, and threaten public health through emissions of particulate matter, greenhouse gases, and toxic species. In southern Chi...
Wildfires are increasingly complex and geographically dynamic phenomena that require timely and context-sensitive decision support across the management cycle. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely applied to wildfire detection, prediction, an...
The background modification of ecosystems affected by fire can cause black or dark colours in animals to become adaptive, providing better protection against visually oriented predators. We surveyed fire-prone Mediterranean woodlands to describe the...
To address the challenges of rapid water loss and insufficient long-term inhibition efficiency of conventional inhibitors in the high-temperature environments of deep goafs, a novel, environmentally friendly Deep Eutectic Inhibitor (DEI) was synthesi...
Accurate identification of fire smoke is a key link in realizing early fire prevention and control. Traditional intelligent video and image processing technologies are significantly restricted by environmental factors, with weak anti-interference cap...
This study explores the viability of condensate petroleum, an ultra-light hydrocarbon derived from natural gas production, as an alternative diesel engine fuel. The researchers tested six different fuel blends, increasing the condensate volume by 10%...
Anthropogenic wildfires account for the majority of wildfire ignitions in human-dominated landscapes, yet their spatial drivers remain insufficiently understood at national scales. This study aims to identify key factors influencing anthropogenic wil...
The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has posed new challenges to fire safety, especially when multiple EVs are transported on electric trailers, as limited studies exist on heavy electric vehicle transportation and little research has been conduct...
With the widespread application of automatic fire alarm systems in various types of buildings, the problem of fire false alarms has gradually become prominent, which not only causes resource waste, but also may reduce users’ trust in the alarm...
An experimental study was conducted to quantitatively assess the separate effects of smoke-layer height and temperature on fire spread along a cable tray in a compartment. Smoke-layer height was controlled by varying the opening height (h) using side...
In this study, the comparative residual performance of fire-exposed reinforced concrete (RC) beams with rectangular and T-shaped cross-sections is investigated. Two concrete beams, one with a T-section and the other with a rectangular section, were t...
Fire safety plays a vital role in protecting lives, property, and the environment, and it keeps communities and organizations running safely. Many existing fire pump control systems fall short in educational and small-to-medium industrial settings: t...
This study investigates how outlet pressure influences the fire suppression performance of a compressed air foam system (CAFS), with the aim of supporting system optimization and engineering applications. An experimental apparatus for foam performanc...
Recently, numerous countries have experienced devastating wildfires, leading to significant destruction and loss of life. These catastrophic events highlight the shortcomings in current building regulations and testing methods. There is a pressing ne...
The prevalence of high-rack warehouses and large-space facilities with high ceilings poses significant challenges to traditional automatic sprinkler systems, which often exhibit activation delays and limited suppression efficacy. This study investiga...
Fire smoke, rich in toxic ultrafine particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), poses significant health risks to first responders and vulnerable populations. In this study, a reproducible combustion–smoke simulation platform was dev...
Person Re-identification (Re-ID) plays an important role in dynamic evacuation path planning and safety monitoring. However, rapid appearance changes and limited long-term surveillance data significantly degrade model robustness in emergency scenario...
In night-time construction scenarios of under-construction nuclear power plants, some yellow lights and open flames exhibit highly similar visual characteristics, resulting in frequent false alarms of fire sources. Such false alarm information tends...
In Canada and elsewhere, there is an ascendancy of a whole-of-society approach that centres shared responsibility for wildfire management. This article engages the debates on the rise of shared responsibility for wildfire management to argue that thi...
The fire performance of ventilated facade systems incorporating combustible insulation remains a critical issue in contemporary building design. This study presents a full-scale natural-fire test of a ventilated, rendered facade system containing 150...
Wildland fires, including surface and crown fires, present significant challenges for ecosystems and forest management. Accurate fire modelling is crucial for risk assessment and mitigation strategies. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) v6.8.0, develo...
The 2025 fire season in Portugal was marked by large fires, underscoring the vulnerability of the forested areas to fire. The study analyzes the main meteorological conditions during a critical period of fire activity and addresses the following ques...
In this study, a deep learning-based multimodal framework is presented for forest fire detection using RGB images, which synthetically generates night-vision-like, white-hot, and green-hot pseudo-thermal representations. The synthetic modalities are...
This study focuses on enhancing wind speed prediction for wildfire spread simulation by proposing an integrated forecasting approach. The original wind speed series is first processed via variational mode decomposition (VMD), with its parameters [K,...
Two-dimensional cellular automata (CA) models are widely used for wildfire simulation due to their clean representation of environment and fire mechanics and their computational efficiency. In this review we describe the mechanisms through which fore...
Assessing wildfire susceptibility requires integrating environmental and anthropogenic factors to quantify the probability and vulnerability of fires in a given area. Many existing machine-learning models offer high predictive power but limited inter...
The effective delineation of fire station response zones is critical for urban public safety planning, yet traditional methods often fail to account for dynamic traffic conditions, leading to suboptimal resource allocation. This study proposes a nove...
Fire refugia are critical for post-disturbance recovery, yet microhabitats such as stones remain understudied despite their ubiquity and thermal persistence. This study tested whether the depth- and area-dependent refugial capacity of stones previous...
Wildfires pose a significant hazard to buildings and communities located at the wildland–urban interface (WUI) in Canada. Climate change is expected to intensify the duration, frequency, and severity of the wildfires. Current hazard assessments...
Long-term fire histories are well-documented across most North American temperate forest systems, yet the fire regimes of high-alpine treeline environments remain poorly understood. Here, we present a millennial-scale fire history from the Sawtooth F...
Ammonia has great potential as a clean energy alternative and can contribute to reducing carbon emissions from conventional fossil fuels. To investigate the combustion characteristics of ammonia-doped natural gas and to evaluate its feasibility for p...
This study investigates the pyrolysis behavior of loblolly pine through thermogravimetric (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis under varying nitrogen flow rates of 5–40 mL min−1 and heating rates of 5–20 °C min&...
Wildland fire behaviour is strongly governed by the coupled effects of wind and terrain slope, yet the literature remains fragmented across experimental, empirical, mathematical, and physics-based modelling traditions. A systematic scoping review wit...
The Gilé National Park (PNAG for its acronym in Portuguese), located in central Mozambique is one of the most important protected areas in the country. It is one of the last remnants of intact Miombo woodlands, providing critical habitat for e...
This study presents the Moisture Dynamic Model (MDM), a new semi-physical formulation designed to estimate Fuel Moisture Content (FMC) using only air temperature and relative humidity. The core innovation of this work lies in the introduction of an A...
Aiming at the insufficient integration of real-gas effects and the unclear parameter influence mechanisms in predicting high-pressure hydrogen leakage flame length, this paper proposes a refined predictive model that systematically incorporates the r...
Coniferous forests account for 78% of the western US forests and store a substantial amount of carbon. Wildfires significantly alter vegetation structure and associated forest carbon stocks. This study evaluates postfire biomass recovery trajectories...
Páramos, high-mountain tropical ecosystems, are crucial for carbon storage and water regulation for many Andean cities. However, they are subjected to wildland fires that threaten the ecosystem services they provide. Fire activity varies subst...
Combustion duration is a fire behaviour feature relevant for both the effects and management of fire. We burned small-scale laboratory fuel beds (n = 135) of eight fuel types and developed empirical models to describe variation in flame residence and...
