Vaccines, Volume 14, Issue 2
2026 February - 88 articles
Cover Story: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognise microbial vitamin B2 metabolites, and other ligands, presented by the non-polymorphic molecule MR1. MAIT cells can be universally activated across diverse human populations, with MR1-MAIT interactions triggering cytokine production and cytotoxic and immunomodulatory responses that help coordinate immune responses against numerous pathogens. In this article, we review MAIT cell biology and emerging strategies to harness MR1 ligands as vaccine adjuvants—either by using MR1 ligands as stand-alone antigens for pan-vaccination approaches or by pairing MR1 ligands with more conventional T cell antigens for pathogen-specific vaccine development. Insights into the challenges of targeting the MR1-MAIT cell axis for vaccine development are also presented. View this paper
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Vaccines - ISSN 2076-393X