2025 March - 110 articles
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by rapid cell proliferation, invasive behavior, and chemoresistance. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is implicated in chemoresistance and immune evasion, making it a...
Background. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have emerged as an alternative intervention for symptoms of psychological and psychiatric conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and emotional discomfort. Over the last ten years, MBIs have establi...
Background: Predicting mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke who need endovascular treatment (EVT) has previously been shown to be related to inflammation. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte rati...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents a significant challenge among neurodegenerative disorders, as effective treatments and therapies remain largely undeveloped. Despite extensive research efforts employing various methodologies and diverse gene...
The metaverse, an immersive virtual environment, is emerging as a transformative tool in rehabilitation, offering innovative modalities for motor and cognitive treatments. Virtual reality and augmented reality within the metaverse facilitate interact...
Background: Parkinson’s disease has a significant impact on vocal characteristics and speech patterns, making them potential biomarkers for monitoring disease progression. To effectively utilise these biomarkers, it is essential to understand h...
Psychopharmacological interventions are the treatment cornerstone of most psychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and bipolar disorders, with a huge number of studies including clinical trials and...
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of the Familiarity and Spatial Cognitive Style Scale (FSCS) and the short Computerized Ecological Navigational Battery (LBS) in predicting navigational performance by comparing...
Background: Modulating spontaneous neuronal activity is critical for understanding and potentially treating neurological disorders, yet the comparative effects of different non-invasive brain stimulation techniques remain underexplored. Objective: Th...
Background/Objectives: First-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are frequently prescribed for the management of problem behaviours (PBs) in people with intellectual developmental disorders (IDDs) with or with...
Background: Neuroenhancement in sports, through pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, is a complex and highly debated topic with no definitive regulatory framework established by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). The hypothesis that der...
Background/Objectives: Most individuals who have a familial or clinical risk of developing psychosis remain free from psychopathology. Identifying neural markers of resilience in these at-risk individuals may help clarify underlying mechanisms and yi...
Background/Objectives: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by deficits in perception and advanced cognitive functions. Prior studies have reported abnormal lateralization in cortical morphology and functional connectivity in...
Background: Recent research suggests that an athlete’s gaze behavior plays a significant role in expert sport performance. However, there is a lack of studies investigating sex differences in gaze behavior during technical and tactical actions....
Background/Objectives: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder, with onset typically occurring in late adolescence or early adulthood. Early identification of psychotic symptoms, especially those occurring before age 12, has been linked to bet...
Background/Objectives: Olfactory decline is common in normal aging and frequent in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, it has been suggested as a marker for the Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) progression to...
Background and Objective: The discovery of novel molecular biomarkers via next-generation sequencing technologies has revolutionized how glioblastomas (GBMs) are classified nowadays. This has resulted in more precise diagnostic, prognostic, and thera...
Background/Objectives: Pain memory refers to the ability to encode, store, and recall information related to a specific pain event. Reviewing its common features is crucial, as it provides researchers with a foundational guide for designing studies t...
Background: The beat-by-beat fluctuation of heart rate (HR) in its temporal sequence (HR dynamics) provides information on HR regulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and its dysregulation in pathological states. Commonly, linear analyses of...
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a group of conditions that arise early in development and are characterized by deficits in personal, social, academic, or occupati...
Background/Objectives: Manual dexterity and hand strength are common challenges in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP), limiting the use of their affected upper limb and impacting daily activities. The efficacy of a long-duration Mirror Vis...
Sleep health is a multidimensional construct encompassing sleep quality, duration, efficiency, regularity, and alignment with circadian rhythms, playing a crucial role in overall well-being. Sleep health remains inconsistently defined across research...
Background and Purpose: The infarct growth rate (IGR) is a major modifier of the therapeutic effect of endovascular thrombectomy. The objective of this paper was to explore the utility of the IGR measured by perfusion the imaging in predicting early...
Background: Insomnia is common in forensic psychiatric patients. Not only does insomnia severely impair general mental health, but it has specifically been associated with poor emotion regulation and self-control, potentially leading to problems in i...
Introduction: Aneurysms of brain vessels are life-threatening conditions with various adverse outcomes, some stemming from microsurgical intervention, particularly when major vessel perforators are inadequately protected. The use of endoscopes enhanc...
Background/Objectives: Emerging adults live in a time of rapid technological change, with social media playing a central role in their daily lives. While frequent use of social media is linked to reduced well-being, it also supports personal growth a...
Background: The Automated Test of Embodied Cognition (ATEC) is a new system for measuring cognition in action that uses cognitively demanding physical tasks and motion capture technology. Rhythm is one of the domains assessed by the ATEC across a num...
Background: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is considered as a rare disease. It is considered one of the most prevalent genetic disorders with multiple systemic and neuropsychological alterations. At present, there are few studies that define the linguisti...
Background: Sleep disturbances are a core feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affecting up to 90% of patients and often persisting after standard PTSD treatment. As all the current interventions have limitations, amygdala-targeted neuro...
Background and Objectives: End-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients are at an increased risk of various neurological complications, particularly after hemodialysis. The current case report describes a rare presentation of spontaneous intracranial hypo...
Background/Objectives: Chronotypes significantly influence sleep quality, daily performance, and overall activity levels. Although there is growing evidence indicating that individuals with a late chronotype are more likely to experience cognitive de...
As the final product of glycolysis, lactate serves as an energy substrate, metabolite, and signaling molecule in various diseases and mediates lactylation, an epigenetic modification that occurs under both physiological and pathological conditions. L...
Background: Astrocytes play a key role in the inflammatory process accompanying various neurological diseases. Extracellular ATP accompanies inflammatory processes in the brain, but its effect on lipid mediators (oxylipins) in astrocytes remains elus...
Background: Numerous individuals suffer from attentional issues, such as ADHD. While medication is considered the first-line treatment, it is unavailable to some. As a result, certain individuals are choosing to self-medicate with novel stimulants, a...
Background/Objectives: Activation of cannabinoid CB1 or CB2 receptors induces the death of glial progenitors from the chick retina in culture. Here, by using an enriched retinal glial cell culture, we characterized some mechanisms underlying glial de...
Background: Middle-aged and elderly individuals may experience detrimental health effects due to ischemic stroke (IS). The inflammatory response triggered during IS exacerbates neuronal damage, becoming a barrier to effective IS treatment and leading...
Background/Objectives: In many societies, especially in highly masculine societies like Japan, being a man, getting older, engaging in knowledge work, and earning a high annual salary are seen as conditions for success. On the other hand, an increasi...
Background: When engaging with the environment, multisensory cues interact and are integrated to create a coherent representation of the world around us, a process that has been suggested to be affected by the lack of visual feedback in blind individ...
Background/Objectives: Suicidal behaviors (SBs) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are significant mental health concerns in children and adolescents. The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, of which cortisol is a key hormone, has...
Background/Objectives: Synchronized beta-band oscillations (14–30 Hz) are critical for sensorimotor processing and motor performance. Modulating beta activity either locally in targeted brain regions or globally across sensorimotor networks may...
Background/Objectives: Advancements in biomedical imaging technologies over the past few decades have made it increasingly possible to measure the long-term effects of exercise on the central nervous system. This study aims to compare the brain morph...
Background: Childhood is a crucial period for brain development, and short-term juvenile stress has demonstrated long-lasting effects on cognitive and cellular functions in the hippocampus. However, the influence of such stress on the brain’s o...
Background/Objectives: The widespread phenomenon of “brain rot”, named the Oxford Word of the Year 2024, refers to the cognitive decline and mental exhaustion experienced by individuals, particularly adolescents and young adults, due to e...
Background: Schizotypal traits are notably prevalent among children diagnosed with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both conditions commonly exhibit impairments in executive functions (EF), which encompass cool and hot processes. The observed deficits...
Knowledge about sleep was very limited at the time when Freud published his seminal work on the interpretation of dreams. He was also not interested in sleep, which was considered a problem of physiology; however, sleep appears to have a central role...
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) comprises distinct cell types, including endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, and is essential for central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis by selectively regulating molecular transport and maintaining int...
Background: The Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Tower Test (TT) is a widely used neuropsychological tool that assesses complex executive functions, including planning, cognitive flexibility, inhibition, switching, and impulsivity—key...
Background/Objectives: Pediatric migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder that significantly impacts children’s quality of life, academic performance, and social interactions. Unlike migraines in adults, pediatric migraines often present d...
(1) Background: Working memory, which involves temporary storage, information processing, and regulating attention resources, is a fundamental cognitive process and constitutes a significant component of neuroscience research. This study aimed to eva...
Background/Objectives: Bruxism and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are common conditions of the stomatognathic system. Some studies suggest a potential link with traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is gaining increasing interest among researchers....
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